Distinct cell wall architectures in seed endosperms in representatives of the Brassicaceae and Solanaceae.

Abstract:

:In some species, a crucial role has been demonstrated for the seed endosperm during germination. The endosperm has been shown to integrate environmental cues with hormonal networks that underpin dormancy and seed germination, a process that involves the action of cell wall remodeling enzymes (CWREs). Here, we examine the cell wall architectures of the endosperms of two related Brassicaceae, Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) and the close relative Lepidium (Lepidium sativum), and that of the Solanaceous species, tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum). The Brassicaceae species have a similar cell wall architecture that is rich in pectic homogalacturonan, arabinan, and xyloglucan. Distinctive features of the tobacco endosperm that are absent in the Brassicaceae representatives are major tissue asymmetries in cell wall structural components that reflect the future site of radicle emergence and abundant heteromannan. Cell wall architecture of the micropylar endosperm of tobacco seeds has structural components similar to those seen in Arabidopsis and Lepidium endosperms. In situ and biomechanical analyses were used to study changes in endosperms during seed germination and suggest a role for mannan degradation in tobacco. In the case of the Brassicaceae representatives, the structurally homogeneous cell walls of the endosperm can be acted on by spatially regulated CWRE expression. Genetic manipulations of cell wall components present in the Arabidopsis seed endosperm demonstrate the impact of cell wall architectural changes on germination kinetics.

journal_name

Plant Physiol

journal_title

Plant physiology

authors

Lee KJ,Dekkers BJ,Steinbrecher T,Walsh CT,Bacic A,Bentsink L,Leubner-Metzger G,Knox JP

doi

10.1104/pp.112.203661

subject

Has Abstract

pub_date

2012-11-01 00:00:00

pages

1551-66

issue

3

eissn

0032-0889

issn

1532-2548

pii

pp.112.203661

journal_volume

160

pub_type

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