Abstract:
BACKGROUND:In the United States, cancer is the second leading cause of mortality, and millions more battle cancer worldwide. As such, primary prevention of cancer is a major interest globally. Aspirin has been studied as a primary prevention method for multiple diseases, mainly cardiovascular disease and various forms of cancer. The role of aspirin as a primary prevention of cancer is still controversial and may be more beneficial in certain cancers over others. With rapidly surfacing large randomized controlled trials (RCTs) studying this subject, we aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of aspirin as a primary prophylaxis for cancer. METHODS:A comprehensive electronic database search was conducted for all RCTs that compared aspirin versus placebo for the prevention of any type of disease, and where cancer incidence or mortality was reported. The primary outcome was cancerrelated mortality. Secondary outcomes were cancer incidence, all-cause mortality, major bleeding, any bleeding and gastrointestinal (GI) bleeding. We calculated risk ratios (RRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) using a random-effects model at the longest follow-up period. RESULTS:We included 16 RCTs with 104,018 total patients, mean age of 60.51 years, mean follow-up of 5.48 years, and a male percentage of 38.72%. We found that aspirin was not associated with a significant reduction of cancer-related mortality compared with placebo (RR 0.99; 95% CI: 0.87-1.12; P = 0.85: I2 = 41%). Compared with placebo, aspirin was not associated with significant reduction of all-cause mortality (RR 0.97; 95% CI: 0.92-1.02; P = 0.19; I2 = 13%) or cancer incidence (RR: 0.98; 95% CI: 0.92-1.04; P = 0.43; I2 = 16%). However, aspirin treatment was associated with significantly increased risks of any bleeding (RR 1.63; 95% CI: 1.31-2.03; P < 0.01), major bleeding (RR 1.41; 95% CI: 1.26-1.57; P < 0.01), and GI bleeding (RR 1.85; 95% CI: 1.38-2.48; P < 0.01) compared with placebo. CONCLUSION:Our study did not find any significant reductions in cancer-related mortality or cancer incidence when compared aspirin use with placebo or no aspirin. Our study also highlights that the use of aspirin for primary prevention of cancer was found to cause higher rates of bleeding (any bleeding, major bleeding, and GI bleeding) compared to placebo or no aspirin at the longest follow-up period with no significant benefit in cancer primary prevention.
journal_name
J Cancer Res Clin Oncoljournal_title
Journal of cancer research and clinical oncologyauthors
Haykal T,Barbarawi M,Zayed Y,Yelangi A,Dhillon H,Goranta S,Kheiri B,Chahine A,Samji V,Kerbage J,Katato K,Bachuwa Gdoi
10.1007/s00432-019-02932-0subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2019-07-01 00:00:00pages
1795-1809issue
7eissn
0171-5216issn
1432-1335pii
10.1007/s00432-019-02932-0journal_volume
145pub_type
杂志文章,meta分析abstract::This study compares the level of DNA-DNA interstrand crosslinking in murine bone marrow with the decrease in mean number of blood progenitor cells in mice treated with chloroethylnitrosoureas. Male C57BL6 X C3HF1 mice were treated with single IP injections of 1-(2-chloroethyl)-1-nitroso-3-(methylene-carboxamido)-urea ...
journal_title:Journal of cancer research and clinical oncology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00390986
更新日期:1984-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The genetically engineered chimeric cB72.3m4 and cB72.3m12 antibodies recognize the same tumor-associated TAG72 antigen. The high-affinity cB72.3m4 antibody had an approximately 18-fold higher affinity constant for the TAG72 antigen than the low-affinity cB72.3m12 antibody. The relationship between antibody affinity a...
journal_title:Journal of cancer research and clinical oncology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF01200725
更新日期:1993-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Concentrations of a fragment of the c-erbB-2 translational product (p185 fragment) were measured in serum of 70 breast cancer patients, 19 healthy blood donors, and 18 pregnant women using a heterogenic enzyme immunoassay. The serum concentrations of blood donors and pregnant women were below 30 kU/l. Breast cancer pa...
journal_title:Journal of cancer research and clinical oncology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF01212719
更新日期:1993-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The carcinogenicity of long-term feeding of masheri extract to animals in a vitamin-A-sufficient (SLO+) and deficient (SLO-) state was studied in Sprague Dawley rats by feeding daily dose of 3 mg extract over a period of 21 months. The phase I activating enzymes, the glutathione (GSH)/glutathione S-transferase (GST) d...
journal_title:Journal of cancer research and clinical oncology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF01613196
更新日期:1991-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The ileal sarcomas induced in rats given diet containing bracken fern were examined microscopically and electron microscopically. These ileal sarcomas, which were induced at high incidence (80%-44%), have previously been identified as spindle cell fibrosarcomas. However, studies showed that they should be diagnosed as...
journal_title:Journal of cancer research and clinical oncology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00394931
更新日期:1986-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:A high proportion of cancer patients use complementary and alternative medicine (CAM). In oncology, risks of CAM are side effects and interactions. OBJECTIVE:Our aim was to conduct a survey on professionals in palliative care regarding attitudes toward CAM. DESIGN AND SUBJECTS:An internet-based survey with...
journal_title:Journal of cancer research and clinical oncology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00432-014-1656-9
更新日期:2014-07-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:Protein inhibitors of activated STATs (PIAS) regulate the interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) signaling pathway, which has numerous effects on tumor development and tumor cell biology. PIAS's also regulate STAT family members not directly involved in IFN-gamma signaling. This project was designed to assess PIAS1 expre...
journal_title:Journal of cancer research and clinical oncology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00432-009-0570-z
更新日期:2009-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::A new experimental method to test the effect of drugs on tumor-induced osteolysis using a bladder tumor in mice has been designed. The method consisted of inoculating MBT-2 tumor cells s.c. over the calvaria in mice, resulting in a local tumor causing fragmentation of the bone. This was accompanied by adjacent osteopl...
journal_title:Journal of cancer research and clinical oncology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00390862
更新日期:1987-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Tumour angiogenesis is defined by an anarchic vasculature and irregularities in alignment of endothelial cells. These structural abnormalities could explain the variability in distribution of nanomedicines in various tumour models. Then, the main goal of this study was to compare and to characterize the tumour vascula...
journal_title:Journal of cancer research and clinical oncology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00432-018-2809-z
更新日期:2019-03-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:The methodology we propose combines the immunohistochemical determination of the oestrogen and progesterone receptors (ER and PgR) with the characterization of the oestradiol- and progesterone-induced influence on cell proliferation in breast cancers in order to characterize their steroid hormone sensitivity at...
journal_title:Journal of cancer research and clinical oncology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s004320050340
更新日期:2000-05-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:Members of paraneoplastic Ma (PNMA) family have been identified as onconeuronal antigens, which aberrant expressions in cancer cells of patients with paraneoplastic disorder (PND) are closely linked to manifestation of auto-immunity, neuro-degeneration, and cancer. The purpose of present study was to determine ...
journal_title:Journal of cancer research and clinical oncology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00432-016-2205-5
更新日期:2016-09-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:Recent reports have shown an increase in frequency of intra-hepatic cholangiocarcinoma (IHC) with a stable or decreased frequency of extra-hepatic cholangiocarcinoma (EHC). However, data on the demographic patterns associated with this change are limited. We analyzed cases of cholangiocarcinoma (CC) with aim to...
journal_title:Journal of cancer research and clinical oncology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00432-010-0971-z
更新日期:2011-07-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:In 2008, we reported that 10 Japanese-size cups of green tea daily, supplemented with tablets of green tea extract (GTE), reduced the recurrence of colorectal adenoma by 51.6% in patients after polypectomy. Based on these results, we paid special attention to Japanese cancer patients, who consume green tea ever...
journal_title:Journal of cancer research and clinical oncology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/s00432-014-1899-5
更新日期:2015-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::(alpha 1----3)-L-Fucosyltransferase activity was measured in serum samples from 90 gastric cancer patients, 10 patients with benign diseases and 100 healthy controls. The enzyme activity was significantly elevated in the serum samples of patients with cancer compared to those from patients with benign diseases (P less...
journal_title:Journal of cancer research and clinical oncology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00393336
更新日期:1989-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:Survivin, an inhibitor of apoptosis protein and a cell cycle regulator, has been detected in the majority of human cancers. Five splice variants (survivin, survivin-2alpha, survivin-2B, survivin-3B, and survivin-DeltaEx3) have been identified; their expressions have been investigated here. METHODS:By means of ...
journal_title:Journal of cancer research and clinical oncology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00432-008-0433-z
更新日期:2009-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:PTEN is an essential tumour suppressor gene which encodes a phosphatase protein that antagonises the PI3K/Akt/mTOR antiapoptotic pathway. Impairment of this tumour suppressor pathway potentially becomes a causal factor for development of malignancies. This review aims to assess current understanding of mechanis...
journal_title:Journal of cancer research and clinical oncology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/s00432-014-1803-3
更新日期:2015-04-01 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION:Mitochondrial DNA alterations have widely been reported in many age-related degenerative diseases and tumors, including colorectal cancer. In the past few years, the discovery of inter-genomic crosstalk between nucleus and mitochondria has reinforced the role of mitochondrial DNA variants in perturbing thi...
journal_title:Journal of cancer research and clinical oncology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/s00432-017-2418-2
更新日期:2017-10-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Apatinib, a third-line or later treatment for advanced gastric cancer (aGC), was shown to improve overall survival and progression-free survival (PFS) compared with placebo in the phase III trial. Given the modest benefit with high costs, we further evaluated the cost-effectiveness of apatinib for patients w...
journal_title:Journal of cancer research and clinical oncology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00432-016-2296-z
更新日期:2017-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::A total of 27 persons, working in cancer stations with exposure to cytostatics, and 40 healthy control persons were examined for DNA single-strand breaks in peripheral lymphocytes. Non-smoking personnel from cancer stations were found to have an increased rate of DNA single-strand breaks compared to the non-smoking co...
journal_title:Journal of cancer research and clinical oncology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF01624437
更新日期:1993-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The isolation of deoxyguanosine-resistant 10T1/2 mouse cell lines following stepwise selection in the presence of increasing concentrations of drug led to the identification of a highly metastatic line, as measured by the ability to form secondary tumors in syngenic mice after intravenous injection. This metastatic de...
journal_title:Journal of cancer research and clinical oncology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF01630712
更新日期:1991-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Three phase I/II trials were performed in patients with metastatic colorectal cancer using immunochemotherapy--a combination of recombinant interferon beta and gamma with low doses of cytostatic drugs. The third regimen, consisting of a cytostatic component containing 5-fluorouracil plus carboplatin plus mitomycin C b...
journal_title:Journal of cancer research and clinical oncology
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF01613230
更新日期:1991-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Induction of gene transcription in response to extracellular stimuli constitutes an essential aspect of host defense mechanisms. Interferons (IFN) are families of cytokines that have been discovered and extensively characterized in the context of host defense against viral infections. In elucidating the mechanism of t...
journal_title:Journal of cancer research and clinical oncology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/BF01197763
更新日期:1995-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:To investigate the expression of sex steroid receptors in gastric cancer and to correlate their tumor expression profile with the clinicopathological parameters and overall survival of the patients. METHODS:Immunohistochemical methodology was employed in formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded sections from 86 patien...
journal_title:Journal of cancer research and clinical oncology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00432-003-0531-x
更新日期:2004-05-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Two hundred and fourteen patients with benign giant cell tumor of bone (GCTB), treated from 1980 to 2007 at the Department of Orthopedics of the University of Muenster (Germany), were analyzed in a retrospective study. PATIENTS AND METHODS:The mean age was 33.3 years with a female-to-male ratio of 1.2 : 1. ...
journal_title:Journal of cancer research and clinical oncology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00432-008-0370-x
更新日期:2008-09-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:It is estimated that about half of cancer patients use at least one form of complementary and alternative medicines (CAM) in their life but there is a strong reticence of patients in talking about CAM with their oncologist. Primary aim of this study was to inform patients about CAM, focusing on their suppose...
journal_title:Journal of cancer research and clinical oncology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00432-018-2709-2
更新日期:2018-10-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:The aim of this study was to determine which clinicopathological factors influenced the long-term survival after potentially curative resection of colorectal cancer patients with a normal preoperative serum level of carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA). METHODS:A total of 1,732 patients who underwent curative surger...
journal_title:Journal of cancer research and clinical oncology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00432-013-1459-4
更新日期:2013-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Breast cancer tissue was examined for overexpression of HER-2/neu and p53 oncogene proteins. Samples from 105 breast cancer patients were investigated by Western-blot analysis and their relationship to other established markers and clinical outcome was examined. In 21.0% of the cases HER-2/neu was overexpressed, and i...
journal_title:Journal of cancer research and clinical oncology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF01194273
更新日期:1994-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::We describe a slide assay that allows the demonstration of antigens localized in the nucleus from isolated white blood cells as well as from single tumor cells derived from malignant effusions. With the antibodies Ki-67 and anti-p-145 an increased rate of nuclear and nucleolar staining resulted in cells from highly ma...
journal_title:Journal of cancer research and clinical oncology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF01625427
更新日期:1991-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:The aim of our study was to identify factors which influence survival in patients with disseminated seminoma in the good prognostic group according to IGCCCG, as well as to evaluate the impact of treatment intensification in patients with negative prognostic factors. METHODS:We analyzed the database of the pat...
journal_title:Journal of cancer research and clinical oncology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00432-015-1914-5
更新日期:2015-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Cell proliferation kinetics of the urinary bladder urothelium have been analyzed in a total of 218 female Wistar rats after partial cystectomy. After one-third resection of the bladder DNA synthesis started 15 h postoperatively in the bladder stump and reached its maximum at 25 h with a mean 3H-TdR index of 10.1%. In ...
journal_title:Journal of cancer research and clinical oncology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/BF00401010
更新日期:1979-10-01 00:00:00