Abstract:
:It is often suggested that decisions are made when accumulated sensory information reaches a fixed accuracy criterion. This is supported by many studies showing a gradual build up of neural activity to a threshold. However, the proposal that this build up is caused by sensory accumulation is challenged by findings that decisions are based on information from a time window much shorter than the build-up process. Here, we propose that in natural conditions where the environment can suddenly change, the policy that maximizes reward rate is to estimate evidence by accumulating only novel information and then compare the result to a decreasing accuracy criterion. We suggest that the brain approximates this policy by multiplying an estimate of sensory evidence with a motor-related urgency signal and that the latter is primarily responsible for neural activity build up. We support this hypothesis using human behavioral data from a modified random-dot motion task in which motion coherence changes during each trial.
journal_name
J Neurophysioljournal_title
Journal of neurophysiologyauthors
Thura D,Beauregard-Racine J,Fradet CW,Cisek Pdoi
10.1152/jn.01071.2011subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2012-12-01 00:00:00pages
2912-30issue
11eissn
0022-3077issn
1522-1598pii
jn.01071.2011journal_volume
108pub_type
杂志文章abstract::Reaching to grasp is of fundamental importance to primate motor behavior and requires coordinating hand preshaping with limb transport and grasping. We aimed to clarify the role of cerebellar output via the magnocellular red nucleus (RNm) to the control of reaching to grasp. Rubrospinal fibers originating from RNm con...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.2001.85.4.1461
更新日期:2001-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Selective attention operates in visual cortex by facilitating processing of selected stimuli and by filtering out unwanted information from nearby distracters over circumscribed regions of visual space. The neural representation of unattended stimuli outside this focus of attention is less well understood. We studied ...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.00974.2003
更新日期:2004-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::1. Patterns of respiratory neuronal activity were examined in pentobarbitone anesthetized adult cats in a circumscribed area of the ventrolateral medulla, which has previously been defined as the pre-Bötzinger complex (pre-BOTC) from electrophysiological and morphological criteria in the brain stem-spinal cord prepara...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.1995.73.4.1452
更新日期:1995-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Understanding neural responses with natural stimuli has increasingly become an essential part of characterizing neural coding. Neural responses are commonly characterized by a linear-nonlinear (LN) model, in which the output of a linear filter applied to the stimulus is transformed by a static nonlinearity to determin...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.01397.2007
更新日期:2008-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::The present series of investigations was aimed to disclose the possible sites of action of excitatory and inhibitory inputs on tho-interneuron pathway mediating the primary afferent depolarization (PAD) of group I afferents of extensor muscles in the cat spinal cord. To this end we compared the effects produced by sti...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.1983.50.4.743
更新日期:1983-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Humans with spinal cord injury (SCI) modulate locomotor output in response to limb load. Understanding the neural control mechanisms responsible for locomotor adaptation could provide a framework for selecting effective interventions. We quantified feedback and feedforward locomotor adaptations to limb load modulation...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.00604.2009
更新日期:2010-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::The octopus cells of the posteroventral cochlear nucleus receive inputs from auditory-nerve fibers and form one of the major ascending auditory pathways. They respond to acoustic and electrical stimulation transiently and are believed to carry temporal information in the precise timing of their action potentials. The ...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.1997.78.2.872
更新日期:1997-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Recent studies have reported that human subjects show varying degrees of ability to use contextual cues to recall the motor skills required to compensate for different dynamic external force fields during arm movements. In particular, the subjects showed little or no ability to use color cues to adjust motor outputs i...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.00779.2002
更新日期:2003-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::In the first visual synapse of the insect compound eye, both the presynaptic and postsynaptic signals are graded, nonspiking changes in membrane voltage. The synapse exhibits tonic transmitter release (even in dark) and strong adaptation to long-lasting light backgrounds, leading to changes also in the dynamics of sig...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.2000.83.4.2103
更新日期:2000-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Magnocellular red nucleus (RNm) is involved in controlling goal-directed limb movements such as reaching to grasp. We tested two hypotheses related to RNm's role in controlling reach-to-grasp movements. One hypothesis is that forelimb RNm neurons are grasp specific, and the other is that they specify the timing of met...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.00038.2001
更新日期:2002-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::The effect of a conditioning depolarizing current pulse (80-200 micros) on quantal secretion evoked by a similar test pulse at another site was examined in visualized motor-nerve terminal branches of amphibian endplates (Bufo marinus). Tetrodotoxin (200 nM) and cadmium (50 microM) were used to block voltage-dependent ...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.1999.81.3.1135
更新日期:1999-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Extracellular recordings were made from cold-receptive afferent fibers in the trigeminal ganglion of rats anesthetized with halothane. By applying a standardized series of steady or changing temperatures to the receptive fields, we recorded the static and dynamic responses of the afferents. Comparable recordings were ...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.1985.53.2.429
更新日期:1985-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Neurons in the medial superior olive (MSO) are tuned to the interaural time difference (ITD) of sound arriving at the two ears. MSO neurons evoke a strongest response at their best delay (BD), at which the internal delay between bilateral inputs to MSO matches the external ITD. We performed extracellular recordings in...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.00131.2011
更新日期:2011-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::The pharynx of C. elegans is a rhythmically active muscle that pumps bacteria into the gut of the nematode. This activity is maintained by action potentials, which qualitatively bear a resemblance to vertebrate cardiac action potentials. Here, the ionic basis of the resting membrane potential and pharyngeal action pot...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.00233.2001
更新日期:2002-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Postural sway during quiet stance is attenuated by actively maintained contact of the index finger with a stationary surface, even if the level of applied force (<1 N) cannot provide mechanical stabilization. In this situation, changes in force level at the fingertip lead changes in center of foot pressure by approxim...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.1999.82.6.3541
更新日期:1999-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Red and green cones of two turtle species (Pseudemys scripta elegans and Chelydra serpentina) retina have been stained with Golgi procedures and examined by light microscopy of whole-mount tissue and by electron microscopy of serial thin sections. By light microscopy, red and green single cones appear indistinguishabl...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.1985.54.2.304
更新日期:1985-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Several types of equilibrium point (EP) controllers have been proposed for the control of posture and movement. EP controllers are appealing from a computational perspective because they do not require solving the "inverse dynamic problem" (i.e., computation of the torques required to move a system along a desired tra...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.00983.2005
更新日期:2006-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::The amines dopamine (DA), serotonin (5-HT), and octopamine (Oct) each elicit a distinctive motor pattern from a quiescent pyloric network in the lobster stomatogastric ganglion (STG). We previously have demonstrated that these amines alter the synaptic strength at multiple, distributed sites within the pyloric network...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.1997.78.6.3210
更新日期:1997-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::We have investigated whether neurons in superficial laminae of the spinal dorsal horn respond to intracutaneous (ic) delivery of histamine and other irritant chemicals, and thus might be involved in signaling sensations of itch or chemogenic pain. Single-unit recordings were made from superficial lumbar dorsal horn ne...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.2000.84.2.616
更新日期:2000-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::A lamprey maintains the dorsal-side-up orientation due to the activity of postural control system driven by vestibular input. Visual input can affect the body orientation: illumination of one eye evokes ipsilateral roll tilt. An important element of the postural network is the reticulospinal (RS) neurons transmitting ...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.2000.83.2.864
更新日期:2000-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::1. The properties of parietal neurons were studied in four adult rhesus monkeys during fast arm movements. The animals were trained to perform flexion or extension of the forearm about the elbow in response to specific auditory cues. Single neuron activity was recorded in 272 area 5 neurons, 81 neurons of the somatose...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.1991.66.2.429
更新日期:1991-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::1. We reexamined the important areas of conflict in (1S,3R)-1-aminocyclopentane-1,3-dicarboxylic acid [(1S,3R)-ACPD]-induced potentiation of the field excitatory postsynaptic potential (EPSP) and, for the first time, investigated the role of mGluRs in EPSP-spike (E-S) coupling. 2. (1S,3R)-ACPD (10 microM) bath applied...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.1996.76.5.3126
更新日期:1996-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Many neurons within prefrontal cortex exhibit a tonic discharge between visual stimulation and motor response. This delay activity may contribute to movement, memory, and vision. We studied delay activity sent from the frontal eye field (FEF) in prefrontal cortex to the superior colliculus (SC). We evaluated whether t...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.2001.85.4.1673
更新日期:2001-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::The recovery of soleus (SOL), gastrocnemius (GAS), and tibialis anterior (TA) electromyographic activity (EMG) after transection and surgical repair of the sciatic nerve was studied in Sprague-Dawley rats using chronically implanted stimulation and recording electrodes. Spontaneous EMG activity in SOL and GAS and dire...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.01035.2006
更新日期:2007-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Humans quickly and sophisticatedly correct their movements in response to changes in the world, such as when reaching to a target that abruptly changes its location. The vigor of these movement corrections is time-dependent, increasing if the time left to make the correction decreases, which can be explained by optima...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.00616.2018
更新日期:2019-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Changes in the environment require rapid modification or inhibition of ongoing behavior. We used the stop-signal paradigm and intracranial recordings to investigate response preparation, inhibition, and monitoring of task-relevant information. Electrocorticographic data were recorded in eight patients with electrodes ...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.00708.2015
更新日期:2016-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::When the head is free to move, electrical stimulation in the frontal eye field (FEF) evokes eye and head movements. However, it is unclear whether FEF stimulation-evoked head movements contribute to shifting the line of sight, like visually guided coordinated eye-head gaze shifts. Here we investigated this issue by sy...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.01320.2005
更新日期:2006-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::The core region of primate auditory cortex contains a primary and two primary-like fields (AI, primary auditory cortex; R, rostral field; RT, rostrotemporal field). Although it is reasonable to assume that multiple core fields provide an advantage for auditory processing over a single primary field, the differential r...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.00884.2007
更新日期:2008-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Responses of cat striate cortical cells to a drifting sinusoidal grating were modified by the superimposition of a second, perturbing grating (PG) that did not excite the cell when presented alone. One consequence of the presence of a PG was a shift in the tuning curves. The orientation tuning of all 41 cells exposed ...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.2001.86.6.2703
更新日期:2001-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::1. Study of memory traces in higher animals requires experimental models possessing well-localized and technically accessible memory traces--plasticity responsible for behavioral change, not dependent on control from elsewhere, and open to detailed investigation. Our purpose has been to develop such a model based on t...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.1989.61.3.563
更新日期:1989-03-01 00:00:00