Abstract:
:Clostridium difficile infections (CDI) is a leading cause of nosocomial infections worldwide. The changes in the epidemiology of CDI during the past years, including the appearance of new epidemic strains of C. difficile that cause CDI episodes with increased severity, have led to the development of molecular methods with improved sensitivity and specificity. This study was designed to compare the performances of one antigen assay (Vidas, bioMérieux) and one molecular assay (GeneXpert, Cepheid). Fecal specimens from hospitalized patients (n = 230) suspected of having CDI were tested by both assays. Eleven specimens were positive and 202 were negative for both methods. After discrepant analysis by C. difficile toxigenic culture with broth enrichment and neutralization assay, the total numbers of stool specimens classified as positive and negative for toxigenic C. difficile were 23 (10%) and 206 (89.6%), respectively. The sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV), and negative predictive value for GeneXpert were 91.7%, 99%, 91.7%, and 99%, and for Vidas were 48%, 99%, 84.6%, and 94.5%, respectively. The sensitivity and PPV of polymerase chain reactoin GeneXpert assay far exceeded those of the EIA Vidas assay. The clinical characteristics of concordant and discrepant study patients were similar with the exception of the number of previous CDI episodes, which were higher in the concordant study patients; the clinical characteristics of both groups were similar. In conclusion, due to the appearance of more virulent strains of C. difficile during the last years that have produced dramatic changes in the epidemiology of C. difficile, we recommend that toxin enzyme immunoassays be replaced with rapid molecular-based tests for toxigenic C. difficile.
journal_name
Diagn Microbiol Infect Disjournal_title
Diagnostic microbiology and infectious diseaseauthors
Hernández-Rocha C,Barra-Carrasco J,Álvarez-Lobos M,Paredes-Sabja D,Guzmán-Durán AMdoi
10.1016/j.diagmicrobio.2012.12.010subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2013-04-01 00:00:00pages
361-5issue
4eissn
0732-8893issn
1879-0070pii
S0732-8893(13)00002-3journal_volume
75pub_type
杂志文章abstract::An in vitro pharmacokinetic model (IVPM) was used to evaluate the pharmacodynamics of the 750 mg and 500 mg doses of levofloxacin against 4 ciprofloxacin-nonsusceptible Streptococcus pneumoniae. Levofloxacin MICs ranged from 1.4 to 3.2 micro g/ml. Log-phase cultures (5 x 10(7) cfu/ml) were inoculated into the IVPM and...
journal_title:Diagnostic microbiology and infectious disease
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0732-8893(02)00417-0
更新日期:2002-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Therapy of vancomycin-resistant enterococcal infections is an increasing problem for many large medical centers. One promising agent for use against Enterococcus faecium is RP 59500 (Quinupristin/Dalfopristin). To assess the potential for emergence of resistant strains during clinical trials with this new compound, we...
journal_title:Diagnostic microbiology and infectious disease
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0732-8893(96)00067-3
更新日期:1996-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::In 2003, a 10-month-old Ghanaian boy recovered from a Trypanosoma brucei infection, although the patient was not treated with antitrypanosomal drugs. Only T. brucei gambiense and T. brucei rhodesiense are able to infect humans, causing human African trypanosomiasis. The disease is considered 100% fatal if left untreat...
journal_title:Diagnostic microbiology and infectious disease
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.diagmicrobio.2008.03.006
更新日期:2008-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::In this study, 830 Streptococcus pyogenes isolates collected between 2001 and 2002 from patients with scarlet fever in northern Taiwan were analyzed by M protein gene (emm) sequence typing, pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE), and antimicrobial susceptibility testing. A total of 21 emm types and 56 PFGE patterns w...
journal_title:Diagnostic microbiology and infectious disease
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.diagmicrobio.2007.01.013
更新日期:2007-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Coxiella burnetii, a Gram-negative intracellular bacterium, can give rise to Q fever in humans and is transmitted mainly by inhalation of infected aerosols from animal reservoirs. Serology is commonly used to diagnose Q fever, but the early cellular immune response-i.e., C. burnetii-specific interferon γ (IFN-γ) produ...
journal_title:Diagnostic microbiology and infectious disease
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.diagmicrobio.2014.12.008
更新日期:2015-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::The in vitro spectrum of moxifloxacin (a C-8-methoxyquinolone) was compared to that of ciprofloxacin and levofloxacin against 924 recent clinical isolates from cancer patients. Moxifloxacin was more active than the comparator agents against Gram-positive pathogens, with potent activity against Aerococcus spp., Listeri...
journal_title:Diagnostic microbiology and infectious disease
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0732-8893(03)00115-9
更新日期:2003-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::The prevalence of low-level resistance to glycopeptides (teicoplanin MIC > or = 8 microg/mL and vancomycin MIC > or = 4 microg/mL) among staphylococci was investigated over a 15 month period. A total of 2,279 isolates (1,519 S. aureus, 760 coagulase-negative staphylococcus (CNS)) were screened using inoculum of 10(6) ...
journal_title:Diagnostic microbiology and infectious disease
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0732-8893(01)00302-9
更新日期:2001-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Increased use of colistin in a clinical setting had resulted in the emergence of colistin-resistant (CoR) Acinetobacter baumannii. Combination therapy has been studied as a new approach to treat infections caused by A. baumannii. Here, we investigated the in vitro antimicrobial synergistic activities of several antimi...
journal_title:Diagnostic microbiology and infectious disease
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.diagmicrobio.2016.07.017
更新日期:2016-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::A patient presented with inflamed hands and Erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae bacteremia. Because a high incidence of endocarditis has been reported with this organism, a transesophageal echocardiogram was obtained, which was normal. Treatment with oral moxifloxacin resolved all manifestations of illness. The association b...
journal_title:Diagnostic microbiology and infectious disease
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.diagmicrobio.2013.07.002
更新日期:2013-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Population pharmacokinetic (PK) modeling and Monte Carlo simulation (MCS) were used to describe the pharmacodynamic profile of cefepime in the both plasma and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). Plasma and CSF cefepime data were obtained from a PK study of 7 hospitalized patients with external ventricular drains. Concentration...
journal_title:Diagnostic microbiology and infectious disease
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.diagmicrobio.2005.09.007
更新日期:2006-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Comparative results of urine culture, specific gravity, chemical urinalysis, and sediment microscopy were assessed when specimens submitted to the clinical laboratory were divided and processed either in a transport kit containing a lyophilized preservative or in a conventional sterile cup without preservative. Overal...
journal_title:Diagnostic microbiology and infectious disease
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0732-8893(85)80006-7
更新日期:1985-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::This pilot study evaluates the diagnostic performance of Sofia RSV Fluorescent Immunoassay Analyzer (FIA) and Sofia Influenza A + B FIA for rapid detection of respiratory syncytial virus and influenza A and B. Sofia had a lower-than-expected sensitivity for all viruses and a high rate of false-positive results for inf...
journal_title:Diagnostic microbiology and infectious disease
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.diagmicrobio.2014.08.010
更新日期:2014-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::In a retrospective study of 31 pregnant women infected with human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1), nine (29%) infants presented unequivocal signs of HIV-1 infection (persistent p24 antigenemia and/or positive virus isolation). All serum samples obtained from the others, during pregnancy and on delivery, were stu...
journal_title:Diagnostic microbiology and infectious disease
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0732-8893(92)90108-6
更新日期:1992-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Candida albicans is an increasingly important bloodstream pathogen. We investigated a cluster of bloodstream infections in the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) to determine whether nosocomial transmission occurred. Subjects included any patient in the NICU who developed clinically significant bloodstream infection ...
journal_title:Diagnostic microbiology and infectious disease
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0732-8893(95)00048-f
更新日期:1995-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Over a five-year period (1995-1999) the Microbial Diseases Laboratory received 34 strains of E. coli O157:H7 each with a single aberrant biochemical property. In addition, 27 O157 strains with negative or delayed motility were noted during the same time period. These observations suggest that there may be an increased...
journal_title:Diagnostic microbiology and infectious disease
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0732-8893(00)00196-6
更新日期:2000-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::With the development of rapid diagnostic tests in the clinical microbiology laboratory has come an awareness of the importance of rapid results reporting. Clearly, the potential clinical impact of rapid diagnostic tests is dependent on expeditious reporting. Traditional manual reporting systems are encumbered by the n...
journal_title:Diagnostic microbiology and infectious disease
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0732-8893(86)80053-0
更新日期:1986-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::The frequency of isolation and antifungal susceptibility patterns to fluconazole and itraconazole were determined for 166 Candida glabrata isolates causing bloodstream infection at a single institution from 1995-2000. Findings demonstrated a trend of increasing resistance to itraconazole among the isolates, but no tre...
journal_title:Diagnostic microbiology and infectious disease
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0732-8893(01)00214-0
更新日期:2001-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::An assay to detect herpes simplex virus (HSV) DNA in clinical specimens has been developed. It utilizes nucleic acid hybridization with a 32P-labeled DNA probe prepared from a fragment of HSV DNA cloned in a plasmid vector. This assay can detect 5 X 10(4) plaque-forming units of cell-free HSV and as few as four virus-...
journal_title:Diagnostic microbiology and infectious disease
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0732-8893(83)90041-x
更新日期:1983-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Three polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assays - kinetoplast DNA (kDNA) PCR, 7SL PCR, ITS1 PCR - were compared for their ability to detect leishmanial parasites in the skin tissue aspirates of 212 Palestinian suspect cases of cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL). The kDNA PCR was the most sensitive, detecting 156/170 (91.8%) of...
journal_title:Diagnostic microbiology and infectious disease
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.diagmicrobio.2011.06.004
更新日期:2011-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Tuberculosis tests for antimicrobial susceptibility takes weeks. However, delayed therapy, can compromise the patient, as well as lead to an increase in disease incidence. Among infectious diseases, tuberculosis continues to be a leading cause of death in the world. The E-test is a new concept for Minimal Inhibitory C...
journal_title:Diagnostic microbiology and infectious disease
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0732-8893(99)00068-1
更新日期:1999-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::We assessed the performance of the ARCHITECT Toxo IgG, IgM, and IgG Avidity assays against corresponding assays on AxSYM and Vidas using 730 sera from pregnant women. The ARCHITECT Toxo IgG and IgM assays showed a relative sensitivity of 97.5% and 89.9% and a relative specificity of 99.1% and 99.8%, respectively. If I...
journal_title:Diagnostic microbiology and infectious disease
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.diagmicrobio.2009.07.013
更新日期:2009-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Purulent pericarditis is a cardiac emergency that can be difficult to diagnose and can be rapidly fatal. We report the case of a child with Down syndrome and recent atrial and ventricular septal defect repair who died from Haemophilus influenzae serotype f pericarditis. ...
journal_title:Diagnostic microbiology and infectious disease
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.diagmicrobio.2006.01.032
更新日期:2006-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::GSK2251052 is a boron-containing antimicrobial agent in clinical development for the treatment of serious Gram-negative bacterial infections. These GSK2251052 quality control (QC) studies were performed to establish ranges for control strains (broth microdilution [BMD] MIC and disk diffusion zones) as follows: Pseudom...
journal_title:Diagnostic microbiology and infectious disease
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.diagmicrobio.2013.01.007
更新日期:2013-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Fosfomycin and comparators were susceptibility tested against over 2200 contemporary clinical isolates from US medical centers. Fosfomycin was active against Enterobacterales (MIC50/90, 4/16 μg/mL), including multidrug-resistant isolates. Potent activity was exhibited against gram-positive organisms, including Staphyl...
journal_title:Diagnostic microbiology and infectious disease
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.diagmicrobio.2018.08.010
更新日期:2019-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::To evaluate the diagnostic value of immunochromatographic test (ICT) on pleural fluid in diagnosing pneumococcal empyema in children and to determine pneumococcal serotypes, 62 exudative parapneumonic effusions from Korean children were tested with culture, ICT for S. pneumoniae, pneumococcal autolysin polymerase chai...
journal_title:Diagnostic microbiology and infectious disease
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.diagmicrobio.2011.09.025
更新日期:2012-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Four immunocompromised patients, immigrants from Ethiopia, presented with diverse clinical manifestations of meningitis associated with Strongyloides stercoralis dissemination as determined by identification of intestinal larvae. The cerebrospinal fluid of 3 patients was tested by a validated (for stool) real-time PCR...
journal_title:Diagnostic microbiology and infectious disease
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.diagmicrobio.2015.11.015
更新日期:2016-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Salmonella serotyping is an essential first step for identification of isolates associated with disease outbreaks. The Salmonella genoserotyping array (SGSA) is a microarray-based alternative to standard serotyping designed to rapidly identify 57 of the most commonly reported serovars through detection of the genes en...
journal_title:Diagnostic microbiology and infectious disease
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.diagmicrobio.2014.08.006
更新日期:2014-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Clinical non-relevant (CNR) IgM specific for Toxoplasma gondii is responsible for false-positive results in commercially available IgM assays. Using IgM immunoblotting, it is possible to distinguish between IgM in sera of acutely infected (AI) patients and CNR IgM. Especially the combination of staining of a 55 and 30...
journal_title:Diagnostic microbiology and infectious disease
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0732-8893(02)00476-5
更新日期:2003-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::One hundred and thirty-five sera were tested for the presence of antibody to human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) by enzyme immunoassay (EIA) with the Abbott Diagnostics HTLV-III test before and after heating at 56 degrees C for 10 min. Only one serum specimen was repeatedly reactive after heating when compared with the...
journal_title:Diagnostic microbiology and infectious disease
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0732-8893(88)90113-7
更新日期:1988-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Microarrays are widely used in high-throughput DNA and RNA hybridization tests and recently adopted to protein and small molecule interaction studies in basic research and diagnostics. Parallel detection of serum antibodies and antigens has several potential applications in epidemiologic research, vaccine development,...
journal_title:Diagnostic microbiology and infectious disease
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.diagmicrobio.2012.10.014
更新日期:2013-02-01 00:00:00