Alcohol and alcohol-related harm in China: policy changes needed.

Abstract:

:In China, alcohol consumption is increasing faster than anywhere else in the world. A steady increase in alcohol production has also been observed in the country, together with a rise in alcohol-related harm. Despite these trends, China's policies on the sale and consumption of alcoholic beverages are weak compared with those of other countries in Asia. Weakest of all are its policies on taxation, drink driving laws, alcohol sale to minors and marketing licenses. The authors of this descriptive paper draw attention to the urgent need for public health professionals and government officials in China to prioritize population surveillance, research and interventions designed to reduce alcohol use disorders. They describe China's current alcohol policies and recent trends in alcohol-related harm and highlight the need for health officials to conduct a thorough policy review from a public health perspective, using as a model the World Health Organization's global strategy to reduce the harmful use of alcohol. :En Chine, la consommation d'alcool augmente plus rapidement que partout ailleurs dans le monde. Une augmentation constante de la production d'alcool a également observée dans le pays, ainsi qu'une augmentation des méfaits de l'alcool. Malgré ces tendances, les politiques de la Chine en matière de vente et de consommation de boissons alcoolisées sont faibles comparées à celles des autres pays d'Asie. Les plus faibles de toutes sont ses politiques sur la taxation, les lois relatives à l'alcool au volant, la vente d'alcool aux mineurs et la commercialisation des licences. Les auteurs de cet article descriptif attirent l'attention sur la nécessité urgente pour les professionnels de la santé publique et les fonctionnaires gouvernementaux chinois d'accorder la priorité à la surveillance de la population, la recherche et les interventions destinées à réduire les troubles liés à la consommation d'alcool. Ils décrivent les politiques actuelles sur l'alcool en Chine et les tendances récentes des méfaits de l'alcoolisme. Ils soulignent également la nécessité pour les autorités sanitaires de procéder à un examen approfondi de la politique dans une perspective de santé publique, en prenant comme modèle la stratégie globale de l'Organisation mondiale de la Santé afin de réduire l'usage nocif de l'alcool. :En China, el consumo de alcohol está aumentando con mayor rapidez que en cualquier otro lugar del mundo, y también se ha observado un crecimiento constante de la producción de alcohol en el país, junto con un aumento de los daños relacionados con esta sustancia. A pesar de estas tendencias, las políticas chinas sobre la venta y consumo de bebidas alcohólicas son débiles en comparación con las de otros países asiáticos. Las políticas más débiles son las que regulan los impuestos, las leyes de consumo y conducción, la venta de alcohol a menores de edad y las licencias para la venta de alcohol. Los autores de este artículo descriptivo llaman la atención sobre la necesidad urgente de que los funcionarios gubernamentales y los profesionales de la sanidad pública chinos den prioridad a la vigilancia de la población, a la investigación y a las intervenciones diseñadas para reducir los trastornos provocados por el consumo de alcohol. Describen las políticas actuales chinas relativas al alcohol, así como las tendencias presentes de los daños relacionados con el alcohol y destacan la necesidad de que los funcionarios de salud lleven a cabo una revisión de toda la política desde la perspectiva de la sanidad pública, usando como modelo la estrategia global de la Organización Mundial de la Salud para reducir el uso nocivo de alcohol. :يزداد استهلاك الكحول في الصين على نحو أسرع عن أي مكان آخر في العالم. وقد لوحظ كذلك وجود تزايد مطّرد في إنتاج الكحول في البلد، مع ازدياد الأضرار الناجمة عن تعاطي الكحول. وعلى الرغم من هذه الاتجاهات، إلا أن سياسات الصين المعنية ببيع المشروبات الكحولية واستهلاكها ضعيفة مقارنة بسياسات البلدان الأخرى في آسيا، وأضعف هذه السياسات جميعاً، سياساتها المعنية بالضرائب وقوانين القيادة تحت تأثير الكحول وبيع الكحول للقصر وتراخيص التسويق. ويسترعي مؤلفو هذه الورقة الوصفية الاهتمام إلى الحاجة الماسة لكي يقوم العاملون في مجال الصحة العمومية والمسؤولون الحكوميون في الصين بتحديد الأولويات لترصد السكان والبحث والتدخلات المصممة للتقليل من الاضطرابات الناجمة عن تعاطي الكحول. ويصفون السياسات الراهنة المعنية بالكحول في الصين والاتجاهات الحديثة في الأضرار الناجمة عن تعاطي الكحول، ويؤكدون على حاجة المسؤولين الصحيين لإجراء مراجعة شاملة للسياسات من منظور الصحة العمومية، واستخدام الاستراتيجية العالمية للحد من تعاطي الكحول على نحو ضار الصادرة عن منظمة الصحة العالمية كنموذج. :酒精饮料的消费在中国的增长速度比世界上的其他任何地方都要快。据观察,该国的酒精饮料生产量也在稳定增长,且酒相关性伤害也随之加剧。纵然有这样的趋势,较之于亚洲其他国家,中国有关酒精饮料的销售和消费政策仍然较为薄弱,尤其的是其在税收、酒后驾车法规、向未成年人销售酒类产品和营销许可证方面的政策。本篇描述性论文作者试图唤起中国公共卫生专业人员和政府官员的对这类问题的关注,迫切需要优先考虑人群监测、科学研究和干预措施,以减少酒精的无序使用。作者们描述了中国当前的酒精饮料政策和酒精所引起危害的最新趋势,强调卫生官员需要从公共卫生的角度进行彻底的政策评估,并作为世界卫生组织减少有害饮酒的全球策略的一个范例。 :Потребление алкоголя в Китае растет быстрее, чем где-либо еще в мире. В стране также наблюдается устойчивый рост производства алкоголя, соответственно, увеличивается и вред, связанный с его потреблением. Несмотря на эти тенденции, политика Китая по вопросам продажи и потребления алкогольных напитков является слабой, по сравнению с другими странами Азии. Самыми слабыми ее аспектами являются вопросы налогообложения, законы, связанные с вождением в нетрезвом виде, продажей алкоголя несовершеннолетним и маркетинговые лицензии. Авторы данного исследования обращают внимание на срочную необходимость того, чтобы работники общественного здравоохранения и чиновники правительства Китая начали уделять приоритетное внимание популяционному надзору, научным исследованиям и мероприятиям, направленным на сокращение нарушений, связанных с употреблением алкоголя. В документе описана текущая антиалкогольная политика Китая и последние тенденции в области связанного с алкоголем вреда. Также подчеркивается необходимость для руководителей системы здравоохранения провести тщательный пересмотр политики с точки зрения общественного здоровья, используя в качестве модели глобальную стратегию Всемирной организации здравоохранения по освобождению от вредной привычки употребления алкоголя.

authors

Tang YL,Xiang XJ,Wang XY,Cubells JF,Babor TF,Hao W

doi

10.2471/BLT.12.107318

subject

Has Abstract

pub_date

2013-04-01 00:00:00

pages

270-6

issue

4

eissn

0042-9686

issn

1564-0604

pii

BLT.12.107318

journal_volume

91

pub_type

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