Abstract：
:Urban vs. rural residence is commonly cited as a risk factor for depression and other mental disorders, but epidemiological evidence for this relationship in the US is inconclusive. We examined three consecutive annual samples (2009-2011) of adolescents (age 12-17, N = 55,583) and adults (age 18 and over, N = 116,459) from the National Survey of Drug Use and Health (NSDUH) to compare the prevalence of major depression and other serious mental illness across four categories of urbanicity: (1) large metropolitan areas, (2) small metropolitan areas, (3) semi-rural areas, and (4) rural areas, with and without adjustment for other demographic risk factors. For adolescents, no association was observed between urbanicity and the prevalence of major depression, with or without statistical adjustments. For adults, no differences were found in the prevalence of major depression or serious mental illness between large metropolitan areas and rural areas, but the prevalence of both was slightly higher in the two intermediate urbanicity categories than in large metropolitan areas, with statistically significant odds ratios after adjustment ranging from 1.12 to 1.19. Contrary to expectations, the prevalence of mental disorders was not higher in the most urban compared with the most rural areas, suggesting that the move to identify mechanistic explanations for risk associated with the urban environment is premature. Evidence of slightly higher prevalence in small urban and semi-rural areas relative to large urban areas, reported for the first time, requires additional investigation.
journal_name
J Psychiatr Resjournal_title
Journal of psychiatric researchauthors
Breslau J,Marshall GN,Pincus HA,Brown RAdoi
10.1016/j.jpsychires.2014.05.004subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2014-09-01 00:00:00pages
50-5eissn
0022-3956issn
1879-1379pii
S0022-3956(14)00142-3journal_volume
56pub_type
杂志文章abstract：:In a prospective study of a random sample of 1,007 young adults, we examined the association between migraine and psychiatric disorder, physical complaints, indicators of functional impairment, and use of mental health services. A history of migraine was associated with increased lifetime rates of major depression, an...
journal_title：Journal of psychiatric research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0022-3956(93)90009-q
更新日期：1993-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:The aim of this study was to assess whether individual or clusters of psychiatric symptoms can differentiate patients with psychotic major depression (PMD) from those with nonpsychotic depression (NPMD). METHOD:Data were pooled from two studies investigating patients with moderate depression. A total of 129 ...
journal_title：Journal of psychiatric research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.jpsychires.2005.07.003
更新日期：2006-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:In 2012, over 1.3 million U.S. adults reported that they attempted suicide in the past year, and 39,426 adults died by suicide. This study estimated national suicide case fatality rates among adult suicide attempters (fatal and nonfatal cases) and examined how they varied by sociodemographic characteristics....
journal_title：Journal of psychiatric research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.jpsychires.2016.03.002
更新日期：2016-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Given the high rates of cigarette smoking in schizophrenia in many published studies from around the world, we studied the relationship between smoking status and clinical characteristics in male Chinese schizophrenic inpatients. Two hundred seventy-nine schizophrenic inpatients were assessed using clinical data forms...
journal_title：Journal of psychiatric research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.jpsychires.2005.10.009
更新日期：2007-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Recent theoretical and empirical evidence highlights associations between attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) symptoms and task-unrelated thought, including mind-wandering and rumination. However, it has been hypothesized that sluggish cognitive tempo (SCT), characterized by daydreaming and staring behavio...
journal_title：Journal of psychiatric research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.jpsychires.2020.01.016
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abstract：:Sexual child abuse is one of the most destructive events for child development. One possible approach to avert it is the preventive treatment of individuals with a sexual interest in children. The aim of the current eye tracking study was to compare people with a self-reported sexual interest in children who participa...
journal_title：Journal of psychiatric research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.jpsychires.2017.10.004
更新日期：2018-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUNDS:The present study was designed to clarify the mutual association of job burnout and insomnia and to detect the mediating effects of hair cortisol on that association. METHODS:In all, 68 female employees were recruited for the study from one secondary and one tertiary hospital between October 2018 and Novem...
journal_title：Journal of psychiatric research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.jpsychires.2019.07.001
更新日期：2019-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:While most of the second generation antipsychotic agents are associated with abnormal glucose metabolism, previous studies have shown that risperidone has relatively little effect upon blood glucose levels. This study aimed to explore the effect of risperidone on the glucose-regulating mechanism of patients ...
journal_title：Journal of psychiatric research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.jpsychires.2008.03.004
更新日期：2008-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Speech disturbances (SD) are a pernicious symptom of schizophrenia that increase when negative emotion is elicited. This increase is referred to as affective reactivity (AR). Although considerable research has examined SD in schizophrenia, few studies have investigated this symptom in individuals at risk for the disor...
journal_title：Journal of psychiatric research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.jpsychires.2009.06.005
更新日期：2010-01-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Journal of psychiatric research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.jpsychires.2014.03.011
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journal_title：Journal of psychiatric research
pub_type： 杂志文章,meta分析,评审
doi：10.1016/j.jpsychires.2015.07.005
更新日期：2015-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：AIM:The goal of this retrospective cohort study was to analyze the relationship between induced abortion and the incidence of depression, anxiety disorder, adjustment disorder, and somatoform disorder in Germany. METHODS:Women who had undergone induced abortions for the first time in 281 gynecological practices in Ger...
journal_title：Journal of psychiatric research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.jpsychires.2019.04.022
更新日期：2019-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A latent class analysis paradigm for evaluating and developing diagnostic criteria was presented. How latent class analysis statistically models the conceptual structure of diagnostic systems was demonstrated. These models were then used to study the Taylor and Abrams diagnostic criteria for schizophrenia. The finding...
journal_title：Journal of psychiatric research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0022-3956(82)90007-3
更新日期：1982-01-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Journal of psychiatric research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.jpsychires.2017.11.010
更新日期：2018-03-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Journal of psychiatric research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.jpsychires.2018.04.008
更新日期：2018-07-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Journal of psychiatric research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.jpsychires.2012.01.003
更新日期：2012-04-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Journal of psychiatric research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.jpsychires.2020.06.031
更新日期：2020-10-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Journal of psychiatric research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.jpsychires.2011.11.008
更新日期：2012-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:People with a psychiatric illness are at high risk for suicide; however, variation of the risk by patients' sex and age and by specific diagnosis needs to be explored in a more detail. This large population study systematically assesses suicide incidence rate ratio (IRR) and population attributable risk (PAR) associat...
journal_title：Journal of psychiatric research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.jpsychires.2011.06.002
更新日期：2011-11-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Journal of psychiatric research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0022-3956(90)90004-a
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journal_title：Journal of psychiatric research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.jpsychires.2006.09.002
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journal_title：Journal of psychiatric research
pub_type： 杂志文章
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journal_title：Journal of psychiatric research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.jpsychires.2004.06.001
更新日期：2005-03-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Journal of psychiatric research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.jpsychires.2020.08.010
更新日期：2020-11-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Journal of psychiatric research
pub_type： 杂志文章,多中心研究,随机对照试验
doi：10.1016/j.jpsychires.2016.05.015
更新日期：2016-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:More than 50 years ago, Fish postulated that a special form of early abnormal neurodevelopment, "pandysmaturation", defined a priori as constituting retarded cranial development in the first year of life, combined with delay in early motor milestone attainment, was related to genetic risk for schizophrenia, and was as...
journal_title：Journal of psychiatric research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.jpsychires.2010.09.010
更新日期：2011-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Previous studies with postmortem brain tissues showed abnormalities in n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) in the orbitofrontal cortex of individuals with schizophrenia and mood disorders. However, in the hippocampus, we were not able to find any significant differences in PUFAs except for small differences in n-6...
journal_title：Journal of psychiatric research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.jpsychires.2012.04.012
更新日期：2012-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The concept that schizophrenia has its antecedents in neurodevelopment has long been debated and has been at the forefront of research on this disorder over the last decade. However new recent evidence from controlled longitudinal studies indicates that some of the structural brain anomalies observed in schizophrenia ...
journal_title：Journal of psychiatric research
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/s0022-3956(99)00028-x
更新日期：1999-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Measurements of the ventricular brain ratio (VBR), width of the sylvian fissure, and symmetry of the frontal lobes were obtained from 26 chronic schizophrenic patients, 22 alcoholic and neurological patients, and 20 normal controls. All schizophrenic subjects were non-responsive to long-term neuroleptic medication for...
journal_title：Journal of psychiatric research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0022-3956(82)90042-5
更新日期：1982-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We summarize here our findings with respect to attentional impairment among offspring of schizophrenic, affectively ill, and normal parents followed from childhood to adulthood during the two decades of the New York High-Risk Project (NYHRP). We review our data first, on childhood attentional performance in each of ou...
journal_title：Journal of psychiatric research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0022-3956(92)90043-n
更新日期：1992-10-01 00:00:00
