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Role of oxidative stress in the process of vascular remodeling following coronary revascularization.

Abstract：

:Percutaneous coronary interventions (PCI), including balloon angioplasty and implantation of both bare metal and drug eluting coronary stents, are associated with risk of restenosis and in-stent thrombosis. A better understanding of signals that regulate cellular proliferation, neointimal formation and vessel wall thickening following PCI may contribute to identify novel preventive and therapeutic strategies aimed to reduce the atherosclerosis progression and the consequent vascular sequelae. Among the possible mechanisms, an increased level of reactive oxygen species (ROS) is associated with endothelial dysfunction and vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) proliferation and migration involved in the post-procedural remodeling process. This review article provides an overview of the current knowledge on the contribution of increased oxidative stress to the post-procedural pathological vascular changes. We discuss the role of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate oxidase, nitric oxide synthase, and of proteins regulating the mitochondrial function and dynamics. We will also highlight new knowledge on the atypical Fat1 cadherin that appears to play a key role in VSMCs proliferation. In fact, its induction after vascular injury serves as a physiological regulator of VSMCs growth. Specific molecular mechanisms, including Pin1- and H2S-mediated pathways, have been identified in the vascular complications of type 2 diabetic patients. The identification of novel key players may expand our perspectives and promote the development of new tools for future preventive and therapeutic strategies in order to reduce the adverse vascular remodeling following PCI. The latter represents one of the major goals in the development of innovative technologies with relevance for clinical practice.

journal_name

Int J Cardiol

journal_title

International journal of cardiology

authors

Gallo G,Pierelli G,Forte M,Coluccia R,Volpe M,Rubattu S

doi

10.1016/j.ijcard.2018.05.046

subject

Has Abstract

pub_date

2018-10-01 00:00:00

pages

27-33

eissn

0167-5273

issn

1874-1754

pii

S0167-5273(18)31719-4

journal_volume

268

pub_type

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Role of oxidative stress in the process of vascular remodeling following coronary revascularization.