Abstract：
:As a standard of care for preterm/term newborns effective pain management may improve their clinical and neurodevelopmental outcomes. Neonatal pain is assessed using context-specific, validated, and objective pain methods, despite the limitations of currently available tools. Therapeutic approaches reducing invasive procedures and using pharmacologic, behavioral, or environmental measures are used to manage neonatal pain. Nonpharmacologic approaches like kangaroo care, facilitated tucking, non-nutritive sucking, sucrose, and others can be used for procedural pain or adjunctive therapy. Local/topical anesthetics, opioids, NSAIDs/acetaminophen and other sedative/anesthetic agents can be incorporated into NICU protocols for managing moderate/severe pain or distress in all newborns.
journal_name
Clin Perinatoljournal_title
Clinics in perinatologyauthors
Hall RW,Anand KJdoi
10.1016/j.clp.2014.08.010subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2014-12-01 00:00:00pages
895-924issue
4eissn
0095-5108issn
1557-9840pii
S0095-5108(14)00086-4journal_volume
41pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract：:This article explains the mechanisms underlying choices of pharmacotherapy for hypoxic-ischemic insults of both preterm and term babies. Some preclinical data are strong enough that clinical trials are now underway. Challenges remain in deciding the best combination therapies for each age and insult. ...
journal_title：Clinics in perinatology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.clp.2013.09.004
更新日期：2014-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:This article reviews key recent findings in the field of human cortical development. This development is divided into three major time-dependent phases: neural proliferation of inhibitory and excitatory neurons in spatially distinct regions, migration through multiple cellular boundaries, and maturation through morpho...
journal_title：Clinics in perinatology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.clp.2009.06.008
更新日期：2009-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The incidence of neonatal abstinence syndrome owing to prenatal opioid exposure has grown rapidly in recent decades and it disproportionately affects rural, non-white, and public insurance-dependent populations. Treatment consists of pharmacologic and nonpharmacologic interventions with wide variability in approaches ...
journal_title：Clinics in perinatology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.clp.2019.08.012
更新日期：2019-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Infants in the Neonatal Oxygenation Prospective Meta-analysis trials were randomized to SpO2 targets of 85% to 89% or 91% to 95%. Group allocation was masked. Different outcomes are likely partially attributable to differences in achieved SpO2. Infants randomized to the lower range had higher than intended readings. S...
journal_title：Clinics in perinatology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.clp.2019.05.011
更新日期：2019-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The neurodevelopmental benefits of breast milk feedings for preterm infants have been controversial. However, the effect on preterm infant neurodevelopment is sustained into childhood. The effects of breast milk feeding during the neonatal period and the duration of breastfeeding display effects on cognition into adol...
journal_title：Clinics in perinatology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.clp.2016.11.004
更新日期：2017-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Twins have higher rates of perinatal mortality, prematurity and its complications, low birth weight, intrauterine growth retardation, congenital anomalies, and long-term developmental morbidity. Monozygotic twins have lower birth weights and higher rates of congenital anomalies than dizygotic twins, which suggests tha...
journal_title：Clinics in perinatology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：1988-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Congenital diaphragmatic hernia results in abnormal lung development. There is a global hypoplasia with both lungs affected, the ipsilateral lung more severely. This results in a reduction in the number of bronchial divisions and a decrease in the quantity and maturity of the alveoli. The pneumocytes are dysfunctional...
journal_title：Clinics in perinatology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：1996-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Complex biochemical consequences are the result of a series of secondary biochemical changes caused by oxygen depletion. Hypoxia in the fetus and neonate results in decreased GI blood flow, especially to the GI mucosa. Although severe O2 deprivation cannot be entirely compensated for, an increase in tissue O2 extracti...
journal_title：Clinics in perinatology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：1986-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Cardiovascular malformations (CVMs) are the most common birth defect, occurring in 1% to 5% of all live births. Genetic, epigenetic, and environmental factors all influence the development of CVMs, and an improved understanding of the causation of CVMs is a prerequisite for prevention. Cardiac development is a complex...
journal_title：Clinics in perinatology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.clp.2015.11.002
更新日期：2016-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:This article discusses the background, methodology, previous clinical studies, and the clinical role and limitations of the noninvasive Doppler technique in the assessment of the cerebral circulation of the newborn infant. ...
journal_title：Clinics in perinatology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1985-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Nonstress testing appears to be an effective means of identifying fetal condition. Its most definitive benefit is the identification of the "normal" fetus, which often permits a path of nonintervention. A significant benefit of the nonstress test approach is its simplicity and portability which, in a practical sense, ...
journal_title：Clinics in perinatology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：1982-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The risk of mother-to-child transmission (MTCT) of HIV can be reduced through cesarean delivery prior to the onset of labor and prior to rupture of the membranes (elective cesarean delivery [ECD]). As a result of this evidence, the American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists and the Department of Health and Hu...
journal_title：Clinics in perinatology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.clp.2010.08.013
更新日期：2010-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:This article reviews the significance of hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy and the associated patterns of cerebral injury in the context of the most probable timing of the insult and prognosis. The evolution of the clinical features of significant hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy, and the diagnostic value of imaging and ...
journal_title：Clinics in perinatology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：1989-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Using the pregnant woman as a means to medicate her fetus represents a new and exciting therapeutic approach in clinical pharmacology. In years to come, we will see an increase in the use of the currently accepted fetal therapies and an increase in the number of therapies available to the caregiver or clinician aimed ...
journal_title：Clinics in perinatology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：1994-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Expertise in neonatal resuscitation is essential for all hospital personnel involved in the care of newborn infants. The guidelines to resuscitation reviewed here have been established by the American Academy of Pediatrics and the American Heart Association and have resulted in significantly improved training and expe...
journal_title：Clinics in perinatology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：1999-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The increasing numbers of children born to HIV-infected women poses formidable problems for maternal and child health programs throughout the world. Between 20% and 40% of these children will be infected with HIV and most are expected to die by the age of 5 years as a result. The vast majority of the uninfected childr...
journal_title：Clinics in perinatology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：1994-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Hemoglobinopathies are frequently occurring disorders for which prenatal diagnosis is possible. Couples in which one parent has microcytic hypochromic red blood cells; is of Southeast Asian, Mediterranean, Middle Eastern, Indian, or African origin; or had one previous child with a known hemoglobinopathy or a previous ...
journal_title：Clinics in perinatology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：1990-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Billions of dollars are spent yearly in perinatal medicine on studies designed to improve outcomes for mothers and their neonates. However, implementing research findings is challenging and imperfect. Strategies for implementation must be multifaceted and comprehensive. These implementation challenges extend to, and a...
journal_title：Clinics in perinatology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.clp.2018.01.003
更新日期：2018-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Historically, researchers studying the field of sleep have been divided into two main groups. The first group of sleep studies was based on behaviors and behavioral sleep. The second group of researchers based their studies on electroencephalogram EEG patterns and changes. With technologic advancements, a third group ...
journal_title：Clinics in perinatology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.clp.2006.06.009
更新日期：2006-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In understanding the various electrolyte disorders associated with respiratory failure, one has to appreciate how the otherwise healthy premature infant maintains extracellular fluid homeostasis. The same physiologic processes that regulate body fluids are affected to varying degrees in the infant with respiratory fai...
journal_title：Clinics in perinatology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：1992-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Cesarean delivery as a result of maternal request is increasingly popular, leading to important ethical questions. One of the challenging issues is balancing respect for the autonomy of a pregnant woman with concerns of beneficence and nonmaleficence for her and the fetus. The perceived benefit of cesarean section is ...
journal_title：Clinics in perinatology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.clp.2008.03.011
更新日期：2008-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Neurologically impaired infants have immature, damaged, or abnormally developed nervous systems that may cause abnormalities of sucking and swallowing, among other problems. Sucking abnormalities usually present as absence of the sucking response, weakness or incoordination of sucking and swallowing, or some combinati...
journal_title：Clinics in perinatology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：1987-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Liquid breathing has been in medical literature for nearly 80 years and has been proposed as a means of improving gas exchange in critically ill infants since the 1970s. Extensive laboratory experience with perfluorochemical liquid ventilation has lead to clinical trials in infants, children, and adults. This article ...
journal_title：Clinics in perinatology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：1998-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In patients with chronic renal disease, all advice and decisions must take into account the balance between pregnancy outcome and the long-term impact that pregnancy might have on the disease. To help the clinician address these concerns, the authors focus on the renal changes in normal pregnancy, the problems of chro...
journal_title：Clinics in perinatology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：1985-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The currently available interventional cardiac procedures in neonates and infants are at various stages of development. We currently dilate neonates and infants with critical valvular pulmonary and aortic stenosis and postoperative aortic obstruction. We do not routinely dilate native coarctation of the aorta because ...
journal_title：Clinics in perinatology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：1988-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:This article examines the role of biologic and environmental factors in determining the long-term outcomes of extremely low-birth weight infants. Research focusing on follow-up to at least 4 years of age is reviewed. Methodologic issues related to sampling, the use of control groups, and diagnostic criteria are also d...
journal_title：Clinics in perinatology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/s0095-5108(05)70031-2
更新日期：2000-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Gastrointestinal endoscopy permits direct observation of the alimentary tract, acquisition of mucosal tissue for histopathologic examination, and other diagnostic and therapeutic maneuvers. Endoscopes of appropriate size for many neonates and an expanding array of compatible tools and accessories have broadened what i...
journal_title：Clinics in perinatology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.clp.2020.02.012
更新日期：2020-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Neonatology has optimized medical outcomes for high-risk newborns yet neurodevelopmental outcomes continue to be a concern. Basic science, clinical research, and environmental design perspectives have shown the impact of the caregiving environment on the developing brain and the role of professional caregivers in prov...
journal_title：Clinics in perinatology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.clp.2011.08.003
更新日期：2011-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Intraventricular hemorrhage (IVH) occurs in 20% to 25% of very low birthweight preterm neonates and may be associated with significant sequelae. Infants who have IVH are at risk for posthemorrhagic hydrocephalus and periventricular leukomalacia; as many as 75% of those who have parenchymal involvement of hemorrhage su...
journal_title：Clinics in perinatology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.clp.2008.07.014
更新日期：2008-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Obstetric care providers and researchers have long relied on analysis of the fetal heart rate tracing for insight into the fetal neurologic status. Although a normal fetal heart rate tracing does provide reassurance of intact neurologic function, an abnormal pattern is a very poor predictor of newborn brain injury. In...
journal_title：Clinics in perinatology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.clp.2009.06.006
更新日期：2009-09-01 00:00:00
