Abstract：
BACKGROUND:Pancreatic leaks occur as a complication of upper gastrointestinal surgery, acute pancreatitis, or abdominal trauma. Pancreatic fistulas and leaks are primarily managed conservatively. Overall, conservative measures are successful in more than half of cases. Whenever conservative treatment is not efficient, surgery is usually considered the treatment of choice. Nowadays however, endoscopic treatment is being increasingly considered and employed in many cases, as a surgery sparing intervention. AIM:To introduce a classification of pancreatic fistulas according to the location of the leak and ductal anatomy and finally propose the best suited endoscopic method to treat the leak according to current literature. METHODS:We performed an extensive review of the literature on pancreatic fistulae and leaks. RESULTS:In this paper, we review the various types of leaks and propose a novel endoscopic classification of pancreatic fistulas in order to standardize and improve endoscopic treatment. CONCLUSIONS:A proper and precise diagnosis should be made before embarking on endoscopic treatment for pancreatic leaks in order to obtain prime therapeutic results. A multidisciplinary team of interventional endoscopists, pancreatic surgeons, and interventional radiologists is best suited to care for these patients.
journal_name
Dig Dis Scijournal_title
Digestive diseases and sciencesauthors
Mutignani M,Dokas S,Tringali A,Forti E,Pugliese F,Cintolo M,Manta R,Dioscoridi Ldoi
10.1007/s10620-017-4697-5subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2017-10-01 00:00:00pages
2648-2657issue
10eissn
0163-2116issn
1573-2568pii
10.1007/s10620-017-4697-5journal_volume
62pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract：:Diamine oxidase (DAO) is an enzyme whose low plasma values are enhanced by an intravenous injection of heparin, which releases the enzyme from the enterocytes of the villous tips. In 20 normal controls and 15 untreated subjects affected with an overt malabsorption syndrome and subtotal atrophy shown by Crosby jejunal ...
journal_title：Digestive diseases and sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF01297059
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journal_title：Digestive diseases and sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章,多中心研究
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abstract：BACKGROUND:Fulminant hepatic failure (FHF) is a devastating syndrome, which sometimes results in death or liver transplantation, in which inflammation would aggravate the development of fetuin-A which would act as an anti-inflammatory factor and may be an available approach to attenuate FHF. AIMS:The purpose of this s...
journal_title：Digestive diseases and sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s10620-014-3071-0
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journal_title：Digestive diseases and sciences
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doi：10.1023/a:1005636412287
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journal_title：Digestive diseases and sciences
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF02212681
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journal_title：Digestive diseases and sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
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journal_title：Digestive diseases and sciences
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journal_title：Digestive diseases and sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF01309333
更新日期：1986-02-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Digestive diseases and sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
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更新日期：1982-09-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Digestive diseases and sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF01536715
更新日期：1989-12-01 00:00:00
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更新日期：2018-11-01 00:00:00
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doi：10.1007/s10620-005-2720-8
更新日期：2005-06-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Digestive diseases and sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1023/a:1018826917657
更新日期：1998-06-01 00:00:00
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doi：10.1007/BF01393764
更新日期：1982-08-01 00:00:00
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pub_type： 杂志文章,meta分析,评审
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pub_type： 杂志文章
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journal_title：Digestive diseases and sciences
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更新日期：1998-02-01 00:00:00
