EBNA1.

abstract：:Production of type I IFN is the key response to viral infection. Since the discovery of type I IFNs in 1957, long double-stranded RNA formed during replication of many viruses was thought to be responsible for type I IFN induction, and for decades double-stranded RNA-activated protein kinase (PKR) was thought to be th...

journal_title：Current topics in microbiology and immunology

authors： Schlee M,Barchet W,Hornung V,Hartmann G

更新日期：2007-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The CBA/N strain carries xid, a murine btk missense mutation that reduces peripheral B cell numbers. Using in vivo BrdU labeling and cytofluorimetry, we have compared the magnitude, production rates, and turnover rates of each B lineage subset in the marrow and periphery of CBA/Ca and CBA/N mice. Our results show the ...

journal_title：Current topics in microbiology and immunology

authors： Cancro MP,Sah AP,Levy SL,Allman DM,Constantinescu D,Schmidt MR,Woodland RT

更新日期：2000-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:We identified a population of IgM+IgD+ B-cells in the peripheral blood (PB) of humans that express somatically mutated V-region genes like classical class switched or IgM-only memory B-cells and comprise around 15% of PB B-cells in adults. Mutated IgM+IgD+ cells differ from unmutated naive IgM+IgD+ cells in that they ...

journal_title：Current topics in microbiology and immunology

authors： Klein U,Rajewsky K,Küppers R

更新日期：1999-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The past two decades of gene targeting experiments have allowed us to make significant strides towards understanding how the Myc/Max/Mad network influences multiple aspects of cellular behavior during development. Here we summarize the findings obtained from the myc/max/mad knockout mice generated to date, namely thos...

journal_title：Current topics in microbiology and immunology

authors： Pirity M,Blanck JK,Schreiber-Agus N

更新日期：2006-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:By now, it is well established that the error rate of the RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp) that replicates RNA virus genomes is a primary driver of the mutation frequencies observed in RNA virus populations-the basis for the RNA quasispecies. Over the last 10 years, a considerable amount of work has uncovered the m...

journal_title：Current topics in microbiology and immunology

authors： Bordería AV,Rozen-Gagnon K,Vignuzzi M

更新日期：2016-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:During early stages of development, precursor B lymphocytes express a characteristic type of antigen receptor known as the pre-B-cell receptor (pre-BCR). This receptor differs from conventional BCRs in that it possesses a germ line-encoded surrogate light chain (SLC), which is associated with the signal transduction m...

journal_title：Current topics in microbiology and immunology

authors： Übelhart R,Werner M,Jumaa H

更新日期：2016-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Tumor DNA contains valuable clues about the origin and pathogenesis of human cancers. Alterations in DNA methylation can lead to silencing of genes associated with distinct tumorigenic pathways. These pathway-specific DNA methylation changes help define tumor-specific DNA methylation profiles that can be used to furth...

journal_title：Current topics in microbiology and immunology

authors： Campan M,Weisenberger DJ,Laird PW

更新日期：2006-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Thus, in our studies, we demonstrated that CpG ODN are effective in preventing the development of eosinophilic airway inflammation and bronchial hyper-reactivity in a murine model of asthma. Antigen-associated elevation of serum IgE levels is also suppressed. CpG ODN, administered in conjunction with antigen, is also ...

journal_title：Current topics in microbiology and immunology

authors： Kline JN

更新日期：2000-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) was the first pandemic transmissible disease of previously unknown aetiology in the twenty-first century. Early epidemiologic investigations suggested an animal origin for SARS-CoV. Virological and serological studies indicated that masked palm civets ( Paguma larvata), togethe...

journal_title：Current topics in microbiology and immunology

authors： Wang LF,Eaton BT

更新日期：2007-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Certain vertebrates are capable of regenerating parts of the eye, including the lens. Depending on the species, two principal forms of in vivo lens regeneration have been described wherein the new lens arises from either the pigmented epithelium of the dorsal iris or the cornea epithelium. These forms of lens regenera...

journal_title：Current topics in microbiology and immunology

authors： Henry JJ,Thomas AG,Hamilton PW,Moore L,Perry KJ

更新日期：2013-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:This chapter highlights the cholera situation in South Asia and the Bay of Bengal region, the original 'homeland' of cholera. A detailed discussion of cholera outbreaks in individual countries in South-East Asia follows. The countries of the World Health Organization (WHO) SEARO (South-East Asia Region) region are dis...

journal_title：Current topics in microbiology and immunology

authors： Bharati K,Bhattacharya SK

更新日期：2014-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Clostridium difficile causes infectious diarrhoea in humans and animals. It has been found in both diarrhoeal and non-diarrhoeal pigs, horses and cattle, suggesting a potential reservoir for human insection, and in 20-40 % of meat products in Canada and the USA, suggesting the possibility, albeit not proven, of food-b...

journal_title：Current topics in microbiology and immunology

authors： Squire MM,Riley TV

更新日期：2013-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The varicella-zoster virus (VZV) open reading frame (ORF) 66 encodes a basophilic kinase orthologous to the US3 protein kinases found in all alphaherpesviruses. This review summarizes current information on the ORF66 kinase, and outlines apparent differences from other US3 kinases, as well as some of the conserved fun...

journal_title：Current topics in microbiology and immunology

authors： Erazo A,Kinchington PR

更新日期：2010-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Remarkable progress has been made in reducing measles incidence and mortality as a consequence of implementing the measles mortality reduction strategy of the World Health Organization (WHO) and United Nations Children's Fund (UNICEF). The revised global measles mortality reduction goal set forth in the WHO-UNICEF Glo...

journal_title：Current topics in microbiology and immunology

authors： Moss WJ

更新日期：2009-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:CVB3 myocarditis can lead to dilated cardiomyopath (DCM). DCM is one of the leading causes of the need for heart transplantation, so it is important to understand the life cycle of CVB3 and its interactions with the host cell. Infection causes rapid death of host cardiomyocytes by altering normal cellular homeostasis ...

journal_title：Current topics in microbiology and immunology

authors： Marchant D,Si X,Luo H,McManus B,Yang D

更新日期：2008-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The possibility that a new form of human prion disease, variant Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (vCJD) had occurred in the UK was first raised by the identification of a small number of cases with unusual clinical characteristics. Atypical features included a young age at death, a predominantly psychiatric presentation, a r...

journal_title：Current topics in microbiology and immunology

authors： Will RG,Ward HJ

更新日期：2004-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The prototypes of the human MYC and RAF gene families are orthologs of animal proto-oncogenes that were originally identified as transduced alleles in the genomes of highly oncogenic retroviruses. MYC and RAF genes are now established as key regulatory elements in normal cellular physiology, but also as major cancer d...

journal_title：Current topics in microbiology and immunology

authors： Stefan E,Bister K

更新日期：2017-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Animal models of ricin toxicosis are necessary for testing the efficacy of therapeutic measures, as well studying the mechanisms by which ricin exerts its toxicity in intact animals. Because ricin can serve as a particularly well-characterized model of tissue damage, and the host response to that damage, studies of th...

journal_title：Current topics in microbiology and immunology

authors： Roy CJ,Song K,Sivasubramani SK,Gardner DJ,Pincus SH

更新日期：2012-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Most eukaryotic messenger RNAs are transcribed as precursors that necessitate specific and exact processing of intron boundaries. Furthermore, the choice of these boundaries appears to be fluid and adaptive to the rate of transcription and the developmental and physiological state of the cell. A central regulator of s...

journal_title：Current topics in microbiology and immunology

authors： Fluhr R

更新日期：2008-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In summary, the complement system has evolved an important function in regulation of humoral immunity to T-dependent antigens. Covalent attachment of activated C3 to antigen alters its fate by enhancing uptake on the surface of FDC via CD21/CD35; and by enhancing signal transduction via the B cell coreceptor CD21/CD19...

journal_title：Current topics in microbiology and immunology

authors： Carroll M

更新日期：1999-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Glucans are characteristic and major constituents of fungal cell walls. Depending on the species, different glucan polysaccharides can be found. These differ in the linkage of the D-glucose monomers which can be either in α- or β-conformation and form 1,3, 1,4 or 1,6 O-glycosidic bonds. The linkages and polymer length...

journal_title：Current topics in microbiology and immunology

authors： Wagener J,Striegler K,Wagener N

更新日期：2020-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In most cases, the genetic engineering of plants uses Agrobacterium-mediated transformation to introduce novel genes. In nature, insertion of T-DNA into the plant genome and its subsequent transfer via sexual reproduction have been shown for several species in the genera Nicotiana, Ipomoea , and Linaria . A sequence h...

journal_title：Current topics in microbiology and immunology

authors： Matveeva TV

更新日期：2018-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The genetic differences that potentially account for the attenuation of the Oka vaccine VZV preparation are more clearly defined than for perhaps any other vaccine in current use. This is due in large part to the small number of differences between the vaccine and the parental strain from which it was derived, and to ...

journal_title：Current topics in microbiology and immunology

authors： Schmid DS

更新日期：2010-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The fibroblast growth factor (FGF) family contains 23 members in mammals including its prototype members FGF-1 and FGF-2. FGFs have been implicated in regulation of many key cellular responses involved in developmental and physiological processes. These includes proliferation, differentiation, migration, apoptosis, an...

journal_title：Current topics in microbiology and immunology

authors： Wiedłocha A,Sørensen V

更新日期：2004-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:B. anthracis virulence is the sum of the contributions of factors involved in toxicity, growth and persistence in the host. Recent data has revealed that the interactions between B. anthracis and macrophage is central to the B. anthracis pathogenesis. This review presents and describes tactics by which B. anthracis no...

journal_title：Current topics in microbiology and immunology

authors： Guidi-Rontani C,Mock M

更新日期：2002-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Until about 15 years ago, the molecular and cellular basis for pathogenesis in leptospirosis was virtually unknown. The determination of the first full genome sequence in 2003 was followed rapidly by other whole genome sequences, whose availability facilitated the development of transposon mutagenesis and then directe...

journal_title：Current topics in microbiology and immunology

authors： Bulach D,Adler B

更新日期：2018-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Phosphoinositide 3-kinases (PI 3-kinases) are activated by growth factor and hormone receptors, and regulate cell growth, survival, motility, and responses to changes in nutritional conditions (Engelman et al. 2006). PI 3-kinases have been classified according to their subunit composition and their substrate specifici...

journal_title：Current topics in microbiology and immunology

authors： Backer JM

更新日期：2010-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The main functions of retroviral glycoproteins are recognition and binding to the cellular virus receptor as well as fusion of viral and cellular lipid membranes to release the viral particle into the cytoplasm of the host cell. Foamy viruses (FVs) are a special group of retroviruses with a very broad host range that ...

journal_title：Current topics in microbiology and immunology

authors： Lindemann D,Goepfert PA

更新日期：2003-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The antiquated system used to manufacture the currently licensed inactivated influenza virus vaccines would not be adequate during an influenza virus pandemic. There is currently a search for vaccines that can be developed faster and provide superior, long-lasting immunity to influenza virus as well as other highly pa...

journal_title：Current topics in microbiology and immunology

authors： Kopecky-Bromberg SA,Palese P

更新日期：2009-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:As the largest RNA virus, coronavirus replication employs complex mechanisms and involves various viral and cellular proteins. The first open reading frame of the coronavirus genome encodes a large polyprotein, which is processed into a number of viral proteins required for viral replication directly or indirectly. Th...

journal_title：Current topics in microbiology and immunology

authors： Shi ST,Lai MM

更新日期：2005-01-01 00:00:00