Abstract:
:Until about 15 years ago, the molecular and cellular basis for pathogenesis in leptospirosis was virtually unknown. The determination of the first full genome sequence in 2003 was followed rapidly by other whole genome sequences, whose availability facilitated the development of transposon mutagenesis and then directed mutagenesis of pathogenic Leptospira spp. The combination of genomics, transcriptomics and mutant construction and characterisation has resulted in major progress in our understanding of the taxonomy and biology of Leptospira. The most recent advances are analysed and discussed in this chapter.
journal_name
Curr Top Microbiol Immunoljournal_title
Current topics in microbiology and immunologyauthors
Bulach D,Adler Bdoi
10.1007/82_2018_87subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2018-01-01 00:00:00pages
189-214eissn
0070-217Xissn
2196-9965journal_volume
415pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract::The level and turnover of phosphoinositides (PIs) are tightly controlled by a large set of PI-specific enzymes (PI kinases and phosphatases). Mammalian PI phosphatases are conserved through evolution and among this large family the dual-specificity phosphatase (PTP/DSP) are metal-independent enzymes displaying the ami...
journal_title:Current topics in microbiology and immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/978-94-007-5025-8_10
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abstract::Human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) has evolved numerous strategies to commandeer the host cell for producing viral progeny. The virus manipulates host cell cycle pathways from the early stages of infection to stimulate viral DNA replication at the expense of cellular DNA synthesis. At the same time, cell cycle checkpoints a...
journal_title:Current topics in microbiology and immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/978-3-540-77349-8_14
更新日期:2008-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Evolution of Ig V gene segments are generally characterized by (a) evolution by "the birth and death process" and (b) diversifying selection. However, the detailed evolutionary pattern of V gene segments varies among species due to the fact that the humoral immune system itself has changed during vertebrate evolution....
journal_title:Current topics in microbiology and immunology
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doi:10.1007/978-3-642-59674-2_10
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abstract::B cell development is a process tightly regulated by the orchestrated signaling of cytokine receptors, the pre-B cell receptor (BCR) and the B cell receptor (BCR). It commences with common lymphoid progenitors (CLP) up-regulating the expression of B cell-related genes and committing to the B cell lineage. Cytokine sig...
journal_title:Current topics in microbiology and immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/3-540-26363-2_5
更新日期:2005-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Early B cell factor 1 (EBF1) is a transcription factor that is critical for both B lymphopoiesis and B cell function. EBF1 is a requisite component of the B lymphocyte transcriptional network and is essential for B lineage specification. Recent studies revealed roles for EBF1 in B cell commitment. EBF1 binds its targe...
journal_title:Current topics in microbiology and immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/82_2011_139
更新日期:2012-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Recent advances in inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) as applied in mass cytometry, enabled its broad applicability to life science research. Mass cytometry enables the high-dimensional characterization of cellular systems by simultaneously measuring dozens of metal isotope reporter labeled antibodi...
journal_title:Current topics in microbiology and immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/82_2013_335
更新日期:2014-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) perform diverse regulatory functions in transcription, translation' chromatin modification, and cellular organization. Misregulation of lncRNAs is found linked to various human diseases. Compared to protein-coding RNAs' lncRNAs are more specific to organs, tissues, cell types, development...
journal_title:Current topics in microbiology and immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/82_2015_464
更新日期:2016-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Staphylococcus aureus is an important human pathogen, responsible for infections in the community and the healthcare setting. Although much of the attention is focused on the methicillin-resistant "variant" MRSA, the methicillin-susceptible counterpart (MSSA) remains a prime species in infections. The epidemiology of ...
journal_title:Current topics in microbiology and immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/82_2016_3
更新日期:2017-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Dicer, an RNase III type endonuclease, is the key enzyme involved in RNA interference (RNAi) and microRNA (miRNA) pathways. It is required for biogenesis of miRNAs and small interfering RNAs (siRNAs), and also plays an important role in an effector step of RNA silencing, the RNA-induced silencing complex (RISC) assemb...
journal_title:Current topics in microbiology and immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/978-3-540-75157-1_4
更新日期:2008-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::In this chapter, cancer research using immunodeficient mice, with emphasis on metastasis field studies, is described. The definition of "humanized mice" used for biomedical research is given in the chapter by Nomura et al. in this volume. Briefly, a humanized mouse possesses human cells or tissues and shows, in part, ...
journal_title:Current topics in microbiology and immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/978-3-540-75647-7_11
更新日期:2008-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Specific T cell responses to a variety of self and microbial lipids depend on proper assembly and intracellular trafficking of CD 1 molecules that intersect with and load processed lipid antigens. These pathways involve unique membrane trafficking and chaperones that are distinct from those utilized for major histocom...
journal_title:Current topics in microbiology and immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/978-3-540-69511-0_6
更新日期:2007-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The varicella-zoster virus (VZV) open reading frame (ORF) 66 encodes a basophilic kinase orthologous to the US3 protein kinases found in all alphaherpesviruses. This review summarizes current information on the ORF66 kinase, and outlines apparent differences from other US3 kinases, as well as some of the conserved fun...
journal_title:Current topics in microbiology and immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/82_2009_7
更新日期:2010-01-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Current topics in microbiology and immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/82_2015_478
更新日期:2016-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Cell-based therapies with various lymphocytes and antigen-presenting cells are promising approaches for cancer immunotherapy. The transfusion of T lymphocytes, also called adoptive cell therapy (ACT), is an effective treatment for viral infections, has induced regression of cancer in early stage clinical trials, and m...
journal_title:Current topics in microbiology and immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/82_2010_94
更新日期:2011-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The use of appropriate fluorescent proteins has allowed the use of FRET microscopy for investigation of intermolecular interactions in living cells. This method has the advantage of both being dynamic and of working at the subcellular level, so that the time and place where proteins interact can be visualized. We have...
journal_title:Current topics in microbiology and immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/978-3-540-93864-4_2
更新日期:2009-01-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Current topics in microbiology and immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/82_2017_12
更新日期:2017-01-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Current topics in microbiology and immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/978-3-540-70868-1_3
更新日期:2009-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Enzootic nasal adenocarcinoma is a contagious tumour of the mucosal nasal glands affecting young adult sheep or goats. The disease occurs naturally in all continents except Australia and New Zealand. Clinical signs include continuous nasal discharge, respiratory distress, exophthalmos and skull deformations. The tumou...
journal_title:Current topics in microbiology and immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/978-3-642-55638-8_8
更新日期:2003-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Myeloid differentiation factor 88 (MyD88) is an adaptor molecule composed of an N-terminal death domain and a C-terminal Toll/interleukin (IL)-1R homology domain. Ligand binding to Toll-like receptor (TLR)/IL-1R family members results in the association of MyD88 to the cytoplasmic tail of receptors; this then initiate...
journal_title:Current topics in microbiology and immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/978-3-642-59430-4_10
更新日期:2002-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Rabies, being a major zoonotic disease, significantly impacts global public health. It is invariably fatal once clinical signs are apparent. The majority of human rabies deaths occur in developing countries. India alone reports more than 50% of the global rabies deaths. Although it is a vaccine-preventable disease, ef...
journal_title:Current topics in microbiology and immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/978-3-540-72146-8_3
更新日期:2008-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::E2F is a heterodimer composed of two partners, such as E2F1 and DP1. Although E2F1 can bind DNA as a homodimer and increase promoter activity, optimal DNA-binding and transcriptional activity occurs in the heterodimeric form. A model (Fig. 3) for the involvement of E2F activity in cell growth control that incorporates...
journal_title:Current topics in microbiology and immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/978-3-642-79910-5_1
更新日期:1996-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Remarkable progress has been made in reducing measles incidence and mortality as a consequence of implementing the measles mortality reduction strategy of the World Health Organization (WHO) and United Nations Children's Fund (UNICEF). The revised global measles mortality reduction goal set forth in the WHO-UNICEF Glo...
journal_title:Current topics in microbiology and immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/978-3-540-70617-5_9
更新日期:2009-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The catalytic polypeptides of certain bacterial and plant protein toxins reach their substrates in the cytosol of mammalian cells by retro-translocation from the endoplasmic reticulum (ER). Emerging evidence indicates that these proteins subvert the ER-associated protein degradation (ERAD) pathway that normally remove...
journal_title:Current topics in microbiology and immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/3-540-28007-3_7
更新日期:2005-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Recombinant protein- and peptide-based vaccines can deliver large amounts of specific antigens for tailored immune responses. One class of these are protein and peptide nanoclusters (PNCs), which are made entirely from the crosslinked antigen. PNCs leverage the inherent immunogenicity of nanoparticulate antigens while...
journal_title:Current topics in microbiology and immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/82_2020_228
更新日期:2020-11-10 00:00:00
abstract::The antiquated system used to manufacture the currently licensed inactivated influenza virus vaccines would not be adequate during an influenza virus pandemic. There is currently a search for vaccines that can be developed faster and provide superior, long-lasting immunity to influenza virus as well as other highly pa...
journal_title:Current topics in microbiology and immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/978-3-540-92165-3_13
更新日期:2009-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Production of type I IFN is the key response to viral infection. Since the discovery of type I IFNs in 1957, long double-stranded RNA formed during replication of many viruses was thought to be responsible for type I IFN induction, and for decades double-stranded RNA-activated protein kinase (PKR) was thought to be th...
journal_title:Current topics in microbiology and immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/978-3-540-71329-6_11
更新日期:2007-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The ability to regulate and even target mutagenesis is an extremely valuable cellular asset. Enzyme-catalyzed DNA cytosine deamination is a molecular strategy employed by vertebrates to promote antibody diversity and defend against foreign nucleic acids. Ten years ago, a family of cellular enzymes was first described ...
journal_title:Current topics in microbiology and immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/978-3-642-37765-5_1
更新日期:2013-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::T cell activation begins with the interaction between an antigen-specific T cell and an antigen-presenting cell (APC). This interaction results in the formation of the immunological synapse, which had been considered to be responsible for antigen recognition and T cell activation. Recent advances in imaging analysis h...
journal_title:Current topics in microbiology and immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/978-3-642-03858-7_5
更新日期:2010-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::An evolution in modern malaria research occurred with the completion of the Plasmodium falciparum genome project and the onset and application of novel post-genomic technologies. Corresponding with these technological achievements are improvements in accessing and purifying parasite material from 'hard-to-reach' stage...
journal_title:Current topics in microbiology and immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/3-540-29088-5_16
更新日期:2005-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is a cellular organelle responsible for folding of secretory and membrane proteins. Perturbance in ER homeostasis caused by various intrinsic/extrinsic stimuli challenges the protein-folding capacity of the ER, leading to an ER dysfunction, called ER stress. Cells have developed a defens...
journal_title:Current topics in microbiology and immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/82_2017_41
更新日期:2018-01-01 00:00:00