Interplay of nutrients and hormones in the regulation of glucagon release.

abstract：:Recent evidence suggests that inflammation may be a common underlying cause of many obesity-associated conditions. To test whether obesity changes the response to inflammation, we investigated its effects on the acute phase of the inflammatory response to an endogenous pathogen, lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Diet-induced ...

journal_title：Endocrinology

authors： Pohl J,Woodside B,Luheshi GN

更新日期：2009-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:We have investigated the role of protein kinase C (PKC) isoenzymes in the differential growth regulation of human pancreatic carcinoma cell lines by all-trans retinoic acid (RA). RA treatment results in dose-dependent stimulation of anchorage-independent growth in AsPc1 cells and growth inhibition in Capan 2 cells. Bo...

journal_title：Endocrinology

authors： Rosewicz S,Brembeck F,Kaiser A,Marschall ZV,Riecken EO

更新日期：1996-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Glucagon-like peptide-2 (GLP-2) is a nutrient-dependent proglucagon-derived hormone that stimulates intestinal growth through poorly understood paracrine and/or neural pathways. The relationship between GLP-2 action and a vagal pathway is unclear. Our aims were to determine whether 1) the GLP-2 receptor (GLP-2R) is ex...

journal_title：Endocrinology

authors： Nelson DW,Sharp JW,Brownfield MS,Raybould HE,Ney DM

更新日期：2007-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Complete hypothalamic deafferentation, either limited to the median eminence, arcuate nucleus, and basal parts of ventromedial nuclei, or comprising ventromedial nuclei and dorsomedial hypothalamus as well reduced considerably the rise of immunoassayable serum TSH in adult male rats rendered hypothyroid by administrat...

journal_title：Endocrinology

authors： Hefco E,Krulich L,Aschenbrenner JE

更新日期：1975-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-I) receptor is a transmembrane tyrosine kinase that mediates the growth-promoting effects of IGF-I and IGF-II. Changes in IGF-I receptor messenger RNA levels are reflected in cell surface receptor number, and modulation of IGF-I receptor levels affects tumorigenicity in numerous c...

journal_title：Endocrinology

authors： Tajinda K,Carroll J,Roberts CT Jr

更新日期：1999-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:We have found that microwave (MW) stabilization greatly improves detection of the estrogen receptor (ER) in frozen sections of rhesus monkey oviduct by immunocytochemistry (ICC). Fresh samples of fimbriae were MW-irradiated, frozen, and then cryosectioned. The frozen sections were also MW-treated and then fixed in a p...

journal_title：Endocrinology

authors： Slayden OD,Koji T,Brenner RM

更新日期：1995-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Recent work in sheep has identified a neuronal subpopulation in the arcuate nucleus that coexpresses kisspeptin, neurokinin B, and dynorphin (referred to here as KNDy cells) and that mediate the negative feedback influence of progesterone on GnRH secretion. We hypothesized that sex differences in progesterone negative...

journal_title：Endocrinology

authors： Cheng G,Coolen LM,Padmanabhan V,Goodman RL,Lehman MN

更新日期：2010-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Hepcidin plays an essential role in maintaining normal iron homeostasis outside the brain. This recently discovered iron regulation hormone is predominantly expressed in the liver, and regulated by iron and hypoxia. As an antimicrobial peptide, this hormone is also elevated during infections and inflammation. In this ...

journal_title：Endocrinology

authors： Wang Q,Du F,Qian ZM,Ge XH,Zhu L,Yung WH,Yang L,Ke Y

更新日期：2008-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The adipose conversion of 3T3-L1 fibroblasts depends on serum factors, one of which has been identified as GH. Human serum extracts obtained by heat treatment do not contain intact GH, as shown by RIA, but still support adipose conversion. After organic solvent extraction followed by reversed phase HPLC, two adipogeni...

journal_title：Endocrinology

authors： Schiwek DR,Löffler G

更新日期：1987-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF alpha), a product of activated monocytes, induces tissue wasting in certain solid tumors in vivo and in in vitro model systems. Recent studies indicate that TNF alpha also regulates cell replication and expression of differentiated function in a variety of nonneoplastic cell systems. S...

journal_title：Endocrinology

authors： Centrella M,McCarthy TL,Canalis E

更新日期：1988-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Bone remodeling is a complex process of coordinated resorption and formation of bone, which is regulated by systemic hormones and by local factors. We have previously shown that the peptide hormone adrenomedullin is mitogenic to osteoblastic cells in vitro and that it promotes bone growth in vivo. The aim of the prese...

journal_title：Endocrinology

authors： Naot D,Callon KE,Grey A,Cooper GJ,Reid IR,Cornish J

更新日期：2001-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The importance of a central or peripheral site of action in the blockade of ovulation induced by LHRH antagonists was investigated. To determine if hCG could induce ovulation in cycling animals given antiovulatory doses of 10 or 100 micrograms [N-Ac-D-p-Cl-Phe1,D-p-Cl-Phe2,D-Trp3,D-Arg6,D-Ala10] LHRH, the antagonist w...

journal_title：Endocrinology

authors： Nekola MV,Coy DH

更新日期：1985-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In addition to 17beta-estradiol binding, estrogen receptor (ER) transcriptional activity could be controlled by intracellular kinase signaling pathways activated by growth factors. In this report we present evidence suggesting that glycogen synthase kinase 3 (GSK3), an effector kinase of the phosphatidylinositol 3-kin...

journal_title：Endocrinology

authors： Mendez P,Garcia-Segura LM

更新日期：2006-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Angiotensin II (AII) receptors in adrenal glomerulosa cells are coupled to adenylate cyclase inhibition. We investigated the importance of cyclase inhibition in adrenal steroidogenesis by treating adrenal glomerulosa cells with the toxin of Bordetella pertussis (20 ng/ml) for 3 and 18 h. This treatment prevented inhib...

journal_title：Endocrinology

authors： Woodcock EA,McLeod JK

更新日期：1986-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Type 2 deiodinase (D2), which is highly expressed in brown adipose tissue (BAT), is an enzyme that amplifies thyroid hormone signaling in individual cells. Mice with inactivation of the D2 pathway (D2KO) exhibit dramatically impaired thermogenesis in BAT, leading to hypothermia during cold exposure and a greater susce...

journal_title：Endocrinology

authors： Hall JA,Ribich S,Christoffolete MA,Simovic G,Correa-Medina M,Patti ME,Bianco AC

更新日期：2010-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:GnRH neurons were harvested from adult male rats in order to determine if LH or FSH directly altered the modalities of GnRH release and/or cellular GnRH content. Cultures received vehicle, 25 ng/ml LH, 125 ng/ml LH, 25 ng/ml FSH, or 125 ng/ml FSH, and media samples were collected before treatment, during the treatment...

journal_title：Endocrinology

authors： Melrose PA

更新日期：1987-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The GnRH receptor (GnRH-R) belongs to the rhodopsin/beta-adrenergic family of G protein-coupled receptors. The intracellular domains of these receptors, particularly the regions closest to the plasma membrane in intracellular loops 2 (2i) and 3 (3i) as well as some regions located in the membrane-proximal end of the C...

journal_title：Endocrinology

authors： Ulloa-Aguirre A,Stanislaus D,Arora V,Väänänen J,Brothers S,Janovick JA,Conn PM

更新日期：1998-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Exogenous glucocorticoids are potent inhibitors of skeletal growth in experimental animals and children. The mechanism whereby glucocorticoids exert this effect is unclear, and circulating somatomedin levels have been reported to be low, normal, or high in this situation. Since recent studies have emphasized the impor...

journal_title：Endocrinology

authors： Luo JM,Murphy LJ

更新日期：1989-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:GnRH peptides in the hypothalami of marsupials (tammar wallaby, short-nosed bandicoot, and eastern quoll) and a monotreme (echidna) were investigated by reverse phase HPLC and RIA with region-specific antisera. In the wallaby hypothalamic extract, a single form of GnRH was present, which eluted in the same position as...

journal_title：Endocrinology

authors： King JA,Mehl AE,Tyndale-Biscoe CH,Hinds L,Millar RP

更新日期：1989-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The control of ACTH secretion by opiates seems to involve stimulatory and inhibitory pathways, since opiate agonists and antagonists are capable of releasing ACTH in conscious rats. To elucidate the role of different opiate receptors in the control of ACTH release, rats were treated with receptor-selective opiate agon...

journal_title：Endocrinology

authors： Pfeiffer A,Herz A,Loriaux DL,Pfeiffer DG

更新日期：1985-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In an attempt to purify the thyroid receptor for TSH and to study interaction with the thyroid-stimulating antibody (TSAb) of graves' disease, we used both bovine and human thyroid glands. With either tissue, the 10,000 X g pellet of homogenized material was solubilized with 0.5% Triton N-101; excess Triton was remove...

journal_title：Endocrinology

authors： Koizumi Y,Zakarija M,McKenzie JM

更新日期：1982-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Incubation of human placenta membranes with low concentrations (0.1-0.2 mM) of dithiothreitol (DTT) increased insulin binding approximately 1.4-fold, while 10 mM DTT completely inhibited insulin binding. In contrast, treatment of rat adipocyte membranes with 0.5-2.0 mM DTT increased tracer insulin binding 3- to 6-fold...

journal_title：Endocrinology

authors： Swanson ML,Dudley DT,Walker PS,Boyle TR,Pessin JE

更新日期：1988-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:During the reproductive cycle, fluctuations in circulating estrogens affect multiple homeostatic systems controlled by hypothalamic neurons. Two of these neuronal populations are arcuate proopiomelanocortin and neuropeptide Y neurons, which control energy homeostasis and feeding. Estradiol modulates these neurons eith...

journal_title：Endocrinology

authors： Roepke TA,Xue C,Bosch MA,Scanlan TS,Kelly MJ,Rønnekleiv OK

更新日期：2008-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In order to study whether changes in adenohypophysial dopamine are only related to PRL release or also to the variation of LH or FSH, dopamine (DA) in the pars distalis was measured during the estrous cycle and after castration of both male and female rats. Catecholamines were assayed using a highly sensitive radioenz...

journal_title：Endocrinology

authors： Chiocchio SR,Chafuen S,Tramezzani JH

更新日期：1980-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Expression of annexin-I was investigated in the rat mammary gland during pregnancy, lactation, and involution. Both the mRNA and protein were very abundant in the mature virgin gland, but declined significantly by midpregnancy. In the lactating gland, little or no annexin-I was detected. After weaning, mRNA and protei...

journal_title：Endocrinology

authors： Horlick KR,Ganjianpour M,Frost SC,Nick HS

更新日期：1991-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Effects of thyroidectomy on Fos-like immunoreactivity (IR) in the rat brain were examined using single and double-label immunocytochemical techniques. In particular, the possibility that Fos might be involved in thyroid hormone regulation of thyrotropin releasing hormone (TRH)-containing neurons located in the parvoce...

journal_title：Endocrinology

authors： Koibuchi N,Gibbs RB,Suzuki M,Pfaff DW

更新日期：1991-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The role of calcium in the angiotensin II- or potassium-mediated increase in aldosterone production was analyzed in isolated glomerulosa cells prepared from bovine adrenal glands. The response to potassium was highly dependent on the extracellular calcium concentration, and a maximal response was observed at 0.5 mM ca...

journal_title：Endocrinology

authors： Foster R,Lobo MV,Rasmussen H,Marusic ET

更新日期：1981-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:We have recently disclosed sustained episodes of LH release (minisurges) during the afternoons of the juvenile-peripubertal transition period in the female rat. To determine if these LH minisurges are gonad independent, i.e. develop in the absence of the ovaries, animals were ovariectomized when neonates, and the mode...

journal_title：Endocrinology

authors： Urbanski HF,Ojeda SR

更新日期：1986-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Chronic exposure to stressors impairs the function of multiple organ systems and has been implicated in increased disease risk. In the rodent, the chronic variable stress (CVS) paradigm has successfully modeled several stress-related illnesses. Despite striking disparities between men and women in the prevalence and e...

journal_title：Endocrinology

authors： Borrow AP,Bales NJ,Stover SA,Handa RJ

更新日期：2018-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Somatostatin was infused via the portal vein at a rate of 50 ng/min in a group of eight conscious dogs beginning 30 min before and continuing for 6 h after the ingestion of an 800-g fat-protein meal. The fasting and postprandial levels of plasma somatostatin-like immunoreactivity (SLI), insulin, glucagon, and triglyce...

journal_title：Endocrinology

authors： Schusdziarra V,Harris V,Arimura A,Unger RH

更新日期：1979-06-01 00:00:00