What Can Epidemiological Studies Tell Us about the Impact of Chemical Mixtures on Human Health?

abstract：:This paper examines recent risk assessments for benzene and observes a number of inconsistencies within the study and consistencies between studies that should effect the quantitative determination of the risk from benzene exposure. Comparisons across studies show that only acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is found to be ...

journal_title：Environmental health perspectives

authors： Lamm SH,Walters AS,Wilson R,Byrd DM,Grunwald H

更新日期：1989-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Lead encephalopathy was induced in developing Long-Evans rats by adding lead carbonate (4% w/w) to the diet of nursing mother immediately after delivery. The morphological and biochemical features of cerebral ontogenesis were studied in 30-day-old rats. By the 30th postnatal day, the overall effect of lead intoxicatio...

journal_title：Environmental health perspectives

authors： Krigman MR,Hogan EL

更新日期：1974-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Among the issues dealing with identifying potential adverse immunologic effects (i.e., suppression, hypersensitivity, or autoimmunity) associated with xenobiotic exposure, general agreement exists among the regulatory and pharmaceutical communities that predictive tests for autoimmunity are in most need of development...

journal_title：Environmental health perspectives

authors： Luster MI,Simeonova PP,Gallucci R,Matheson J

更新日期：1999-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVE:This study was designed to determine whether prenatal mercury exposure, including potential releases from the World Trade Center (WTC) disaster, adversely affects fetal growth and child development. METHODS:We determined maternal and umbilical cord blood total mercury of nonsmoking women who delivered at ter...

journal_title：Environmental health perspectives

authors： Lederman SA,Jones RL,Caldwell KL,Rauh V,Sheets SE,Tang D,Viswanathan S,Becker M,Stein JL,Wang RY,Perera FP

更新日期：2008-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Five decades ago, lead toxicity in childhood was thought in nonlethal cases to be without residual effect. This misconception was corrected in 1943 by Randolph Byers, who began the modern era of lead neurotoxicology by asserting that lead not only killed cells, but interfered with the normal development of central ner...

journal_title：Environmental health perspectives

authors： Needleman HL

更新日期：1990-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Pyrethroids are important insecticides used in agriculture, forestry, horticulture, and in the home. In humans, they are rapidly metabolized and renally eliminated. In numerous studies, pyrethroid metabolites have been detected in urine after occupational exposure to insecticides. In this study, we used a new, reliabl...

journal_title：Environmental health perspectives

authors： Heudorf U,Angerer J

更新日期：2001-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Metals continually rank at the top of the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency's annual list of agents that pose the greatest hazard to the people of the United States. Metals aren't going away, either. They do not biodegrade, and they often concentrate in human and animal cells and tissue. Many metals are known human...

journal_title：Environmental health perspectives

authors： Fisher BE

更新日期：1999-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Although accumulating evidence suggests that exposure to organochlorine pesticides and polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) may contribute to the development of prostate cancer, few investigations have used biological samples to classify exposure to specific organochlorines. To our knowledge, this is the first p...

journal_title：Environmental health perspectives

authors： Sawada N,Iwasaki M,Inoue M,Itoh H,Sasazuki S,Yamaji T,Shimazu T,Tsugane S,Japan Public Health Center Based Prospective (JPHC) Study Group.

更新日期：2010-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:We present a pilot study of individuals (liquidators) who were engaged in clean-up operations after the disaster at the nuclear power plant at Chernobyl in Ukraine. In the 10 years since the disaster, adverse health effects among exposed individuals have not been clearly defined. There is widespread fear of damage to ...

journal_title：Environmental health perspectives

authors： Fischbein A,Zabludovsky N,Eltes F,Grischenko V,Bartoov B

更新日期：1997-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:In male rodents, anogenital distance (AGD) provides a sensitive and continuous correlate of androgen exposure in the intrauterine environment and predicts later reproductive success. Some endocrine-disrupting chemicals can alter male reproductive tract development, including shortening AGD, in both rodents a...

journal_title：Environmental health perspectives

authors： Mendiola J,Stahlhut RW,Jørgensen N,Liu F,Swan SH

更新日期：2011-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Pheromones are substances emitted by one individual of a species and eliciting a specific response in a second individual of the same species. In moths (Lepidoptera) generally females lure males for mating by emission of a sex attractant pheromone comprised of either one or more components. Since 1966 the identificati...

journal_title：Environmental health perspectives

authors： Cardé RT

更新日期：1976-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Data from experiments on the induction of specific-locus mutations in model systems are used in genetic risk assessment to estimate potential adverse effects in the human population. In such assessments with radiation or chemical mutagens, the following information is required: a) spontaneous and induced forward-mutat...

journal_title：Environmental health perspectives

authors： de Serres FJ

更新日期：1994-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Preimplantation embryo loss during oviduct transit has been observed in adult mice after a 5-day neonatal exposure to the phytoestrogen genistein (Gen; 50 mg/kg/day). OBJECTIVE:We investigated the mechanisms underlying the contribution of the oviduct to infertility. METHODS:Female mice were treated on post...

journal_title：Environmental health perspectives

authors： Jefferson WN,Padilla-Banks E,Phelps JY,Gerrish KE,Williams CJ

更新日期：2011-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Mortality curves for groups of fasted male rats treated with single, oral doses of 1,1-dichloroethylene (1,1-DCE, vinylidene chloride) were not monotonically increasing sigmoids, but were complex with maxima or extended plateaus in the region of dose between 100 and 700 mg of 1,1-DCE/kg. The exact shape was a function...

journal_title：Environmental health perspectives

authors： Andersen ME,Jenkins LJ Jr

更新日期：1977-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Multiple chemical sensitivity (MCS) is a condition in which persons experience negative health effects in multiple organ systems from exposure to low levels of common chemicals. Although symptoms experienced from particular chemicals vary across persons, they are generally stable within persons. The sensitivities ofte...

journal_title：Environmental health perspectives

authors： Gibson PR,Elms AN,Ruding LA

更新日期：2003-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Radon is the second-leading cause of lung cancer worldwide. Most indoor exposure occurs by diffusion of soil gas. Radon is also found in well water, natural gas, and ambient air. Pennsylvania has high indoor radon concentrations; buildings are often tested during real estate transactions, with results report...

journal_title：Environmental health perspectives

authors： Casey JA,Ogburn EL,Rasmussen SG,Irving JK,Pollak J,Locke PA,Schwartz BS

更新日期：2015-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The ability of questionnaires to predict children's exposure to pesticides was examined as part of the Minnesota Children's Pesticide Exposure Study (MNCPES). The MNCPES focused on a probability sample of 102 children between the ages of 3 and 13 years living in either urban (Minneapolis and St. Paul, MN) or nonurban ...

journal_title：Environmental health perspectives

authors： Sexton K,Adgate JL,Eberly LE,Clayton CA,Whitmore RW,Pellizzari ED,Lioy PJ,Quackenboss JJ

更新日期：2003-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The available data on binary interactions are yet to be considered within the context of mixture risk assessment because of our inability to predict the effect of a third or a fourth chemical in the mixture on the interacting binary pairs. Physiologically based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) models represent a potentially use...

journal_title：Environmental health perspectives

authors： Krishnan K,Haddad S,Béliveau M,Tardif R

更新日期：2002-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Methyl eugenol is a naturally occurring material found in a variety of food sources, including spices, oils, and nutritionally important foods such as bananas and oranges. Given its natural occurrence, a broad cross-section of the population is likely exposed. The availability of biomonitoring and toxicology data offe...

journal_title：Environmental health perspectives

authors： Robison SH,Barr DB

更新日期：2006-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Manganese is a common natural contaminant of groundwater in Bangladesh. In this cross-sectional study we assessed the association between water manganese and all-cause infant mortality in the offspring of female participants in the Health Effects of Arsenic Longitudinal Study Cohort. METHODS:In 2001, drinki...

journal_title：Environmental health perspectives

authors： Hafeman D,Factor-Litvak P,Cheng Z,van Geen A,Ahsan H

更新日期：2007-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Locating geographic hot spots of cancer may lead to new causal hypotheses and ultimately to new knowledge of cancer-causing factors. The Cape Cod region of Massachusetts has experienced elevated incidence of breast cancer compared with statewide averages. The origins of the excess remain largely unexplained, even afte...

journal_title：Environmental health perspectives

authors： Paulu C,Aschengrau A,Ozonoff D

更新日期：2002-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The occurrence of high cadmium levels in the digestive gland (hepatopancreas) of the crab Cancer pagurus is reviewed and its possible significance to human health is discussed. Previous attempts to isolate this cadmium in its native form are briefly reviewed and the present method used in this laboratory to isolate cr...

journal_title：Environmental health perspectives

authors： Overnell J

更新日期：1986-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Minority populations face a wide variety of economic, institutional, and cultural barriers to health care. These barriers and low levels of education and income pose significant challenges for health professionals in developing cancer research and prevention-control strategies. It is suggested that specific segments o...

journal_title：Environmental health perspectives

authors： Ramirez AG,McAlister A,Gallion KJ,Villarreal R

更新日期：1995-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVE:The aim of this study was to assess whether the joint effects of three androgen receptor antagonists (vinclozolin, flutamide, procymidone) on male sexual differentiation after in utero and postnatal exposures can be predicted based on dose-response data of the individual chemicals. METHODS:Test chemicals and...

journal_title：Environmental health perspectives

authors： Hass U,Scholze M,Christiansen S,Dalgaard M,Vinggaard AM,Axelstad M,Metzdorff SB,Kortenkamp A

更新日期：2007-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Over 250 adults and children were exposed to chlordane when the wooden building surfaces and soil around an apartment complex were sprayed in 1987. Two hundred-sixteen adults had neurobehavioral functions measured and completed questionnaires for symptom frequency, mood status, confounding factors, and medical, rheuma...

journal_title：Environmental health perspectives

authors： Kilburn KH,Thornton JC

更新日期：1995-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Traffic noise affects a large number of people, particularly in urbanized areas. Noise causes stress and annoyance, but less is known about the relationship between noise and depression. OBJECTIVE:We investigated the association of residential road traffic noise with depressive symptoms using 5-year follow-...

journal_title：Environmental health perspectives

authors： Orban E,McDonald K,Sutcliffe R,Hoffmann B,Fuks KB,Dragano N,Viehmann A,Erbel R,Jöckel KH,Pundt N,Moebus S

更新日期：2016-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Rates of preterm birth have been rising over the past several decades. Factors contributing to this trend remain largely unclear, and exposure to environmental contaminants may play a role. OBJECTIVE:We investigated the relationship between phthalate exposure and preterm birth. METHODS:Within a large Mexic...

journal_title：Environmental health perspectives

authors： Meeker JD,Hu H,Cantonwine DE,Lamadrid-Figueroa H,Calafat AM,Ettinger AS,Hernandez-Avila M,Loch-Caruso R,Téllez-Rojo MM

更新日期：2009-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:The association of DDT (dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane) with breast cancer is controversial, but animal studies directly linking DDT to risk are lacking. Concerns with DDT reside in its environmental persistence, bioaccumulation in breast adipose tissue, and endocrine-disrupting actions. Whereas most attent...

journal_title：Environmental health perspectives

authors： Johnson NA,Ho A,Cline JM,Hughes CL,Foster WG,Davis VL

更新日期：2012-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Asthma and lead poisoning are prevalent among urban children in the United States. Lead exposure may be associated with excessive production of immunoglobulin E, possibly increasing asthma risk and contributing to racial disparities. The objective of this study was to examine racial differences in the association of b...

journal_title：Environmental health perspectives

authors： Joseph CL,Havstad S,Ownby DR,Peterson EL,Maliarik M,McCabe MJ Jr,Barone C,Johnson CC

更新日期：2005-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Short-term increases in ambient air pollution have been associated with an increased incidence of acute cardiac events. We assessed the effect of inhalation exposure to concentrated ambient particles (CAPs) on myocardial ischemia in a canine model of coronary artery occlusion. Six mongrel dogs underwent thoracotomy fo...

journal_title：Environmental health perspectives

authors： Wellenius GA,Coull BA,Godleski JJ,Koutrakis P,Okabe K,Savage ST,Lawrence JE,Murthy GG,Verrier RL

更新日期：2003-04-01 00:00:00