Integrity of immunoglobulin variable regions is supported by GANP during AID-induced somatic hypermutation in germinal center B cells.

abstract：:During brain development, the generation of neurons and glial cells is rigorously regulated by diverse mechanisms including the immune system. Dysfunction of the developing system results in the onset of neurodevelopmental disorders and psychological disorders. Recent studies have demonstrated that the immune system i...

journal_title：International immunology

authors： Tanabe S,Yamashita T

更新日期：2018-09-25 00:00:00

abstract：:Organs of transgenic pigs that express human complement regulatory proteins are under assessment as an alternative to transplantation. A major barrier to the transplantation of pig organs is the hyperacute rejection caused by pre-existing antibodies and complement. Pig cells are very susceptible to human complement, p...

journal_title：International immunology

authors： Toyomura K,Fujimura T,Murakami H,Natsume T,Shigehisa T,Inoue N,Takeda J,Kinoshita T

更新日期：1997-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Structural and functional aspects of the accessory molecule lymphocyte function associated antigen (LFA)-3 (CD58) have been examined following the transfection of DAP.3 and P815 cells with a cDNA clone encoding the glycosyl phosphatidylinositol (GPI)-linked form of human LFA-3. Despite earlier observations that DAP.3 ...

journal_title：International immunology

authors： Greenlaw R,Robinson P,Heaton T,Lombardi G,Lechler R

更新日期：1992-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The alternative complement pathway (ACP) in vertebrates is known to be important in inflammatory reactions, and to be activated by foreign substances such as bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and zymosan, although to date no intrinsic activators have been identified except complement receptor type 2. From the point o...

journal_title：International immunology

authors： Oshima H,Soma G,Mizuno D

更新日期：1993-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Factors responsible for the predictable generation of Th1 or Th2 immune responses to microorganisms in vivo are not well characterized, although the ability of antigen presenting cells (APC) to provide co-stimulation, the kinetics of MHC-peptide ligand generation as well as the cytokine environment are all considered ...

journal_title：International immunology

authors： Pashine A,John B,Rath S,George A,Bal V

更新日期：1999-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Analyses of bone marrow (BM) lymphocytes in C57BL/6 mice homozygous for the lpr mutation (B6.lpr) disclosed low numbers of pre-B and B cells, as compared with age-matched control B6 mice. BM depletion in B6.lpr mice was selective for B-lineage cells, appeared in young adults, and developed markedly with age and diseas...

journal_title：International immunology

authors： Sundblad A,Coutinho A

更新日期：1996-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Activation of T cells leads to the induction of many cytokine genes that are required for appropriate immune responses, including IL-2, a key cytokine for T cell proliferation and homeostasis. The activating transcription factors such as nuclear factor of activated T cells, nuclear factor kappaB/Rel and activated prot...

journal_title：International immunology

authors： Wang J,Lee S,Teh CE,Bunting K,Ma L,Shannon MF

更新日期：2009-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:To understand the nature of long-term Th immune responses, we investigated in the present study the TCRBV gene repertoire of CD4(+) T cells specific for the recall antigen tetanus toxoid (TT) in recipients of an allogeneic bone marrow transplantation (allo-BMT) at several time points after transplantation and in their...

journal_title：International immunology

authors： Godthelp BC,van Tol MJ,Vossen JM,van den Elsen PJ

更新日期：2001-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Leptin, one of the typical adipokines, is reported to promote Th17 cell responses and to enhance production of proinflammatory cytokines. To clarify the role of leptin in the regulation of the IL-23/IL-17 axis and the development of kidney disease, we used a murine model of nephrotoxic serum (NTS) nephritis (NTN). She...

journal_title：International immunology

authors： Goto K,Kaneko Y,Sato Y,Otsuka T,Yamamoto S,Goto S,Yamamoto K,Yamamoto T,Kawachi H,Madaio MP,Narita I

更新日期：2016-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The adaptive immune response is involved in the development and progression of atherosclerosis and IL-17A(+) cells play a role in this disease. Although elevated number of CD4(+) IL-17A(+) (Th17) and IL-17A(+)TCRγδ(+) T cells are found within murine atherosclerotic aortas and human plaques, the mechanisms governing IL...

journal_title：International immunology

authors： Butcher MJ,Wu CI,Waseem T,Galkina EV

更新日期：2016-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In an attempt to identify autoantigens of synovium in rheumatoid arthritis (RA), we constructed lambda phage expression cDNA libraries from synovium and screened them by IgG purified from synovial fluids, both of which were derived from RA patients. As a result of this unique combination of the libraries and probes, w...

journal_title：International immunology

authors： Tanaka M,Ozaki S,Osakada F,Mori K,Okubo M,Nakao K

更新日期：1998-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In view of our recent report that T cell receptor (TCR) alpha chain restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) is associated with multiple sclerosis (MS), we have assessed the possibility that HLA-DR2, HLA-DPw4, and TCR alpha chain RFLPs may interact to increase the risk of developing MS. Detection of TCR alpha c...

journal_title：International immunology

authors： Sherritt MA,Oksenberg J,de Rosbo NK,Bernard CC

更新日期：1992-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A small proportion of the sIg+ B lymphocytes in peripheral lymphoid organs [22% in spleen and 6% in lymph node (LN)] in rat carries the Thy-1 antigen. These Thy-1+ B cells represent newly formed bone marrow (BM) derived (or immature) B cells. In this study we investigated the kinetic behavior of Thy-1+ and Thy-1- B ce...

journal_title：International immunology

authors： Deenen GJ,Kroese FG

更新日期：1993-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The TCR complex transduces the antigen recognition signal through common activation motifs present in both CD3 gamma delta epsilon chains and zeta dimers within the complex. We have investigated functional roles of the cytoplasmic domain in zeta and CD3 gamma delta epsilon for T cell activation in early and late respo...

journal_title：International immunology

authors： Aoe T,Goto S,Ohno H,Saito T

更新日期：1994-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The recent emergence of severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) was caused by a novel coronavirus, SARS-CoV. It spread rapidly to many countries and developing a SARS vaccine is now urgently required. In order to study the immunogenicity of UV-inactivated purified SARS-CoV virion as a vaccine candidate, we subcutaneo...

journal_title：International immunology

authors： Takasuka N,Fujii H,Takahashi Y,Kasai M,Morikawa S,Itamura S,Ishii K,Sakaguchi M,Ohnishi K,Ohshima M,Hashimoto S,Odagiri T,Tashiro M,Yoshikura H,Takemori T,Tsunetsugu-Yokota Y

更新日期：2004-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The chicken represents the best-characterized animal model for B cell development in the so-called gut-associated lymphoid tissue (GALT) and the molecular processes leading to B cell receptor diversification in this species are well investigated. However, the mechanisms regulating B cell development and homeostasis in...

journal_title：International immunology

authors： Kothlow S,Morgenroth I,Graef Y,Schneider K,Riehl I,Staeheli P,Schneider P,Kaspers B

更新日期：2007-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Myelin proteolipid protein (PLP) 139-151 is an immunodominant peptide that induces experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) in H-2(s) SJL/J mice. While PLP 139-151-specific TCR transgenic (tg) 4E3 mice develop fulminant spontaneous disease on the susceptible SJL/J background, spontaneous EAE is dramatically red...

journal_title：International immunology

authors： Illés Z,Waldner H,Reddy J,Anderson AC,Sobel RA,Kuchroo VK

更新日期：2007-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:NKT cells are characterized by their expression of an NKT-cell-specific invariant antigen-receptor α chain encoded by Vα14Jα18 gene segments. These NKT cells bridge the innate and acquired immune systems to mediate effective and augmented responses; however, the limited number of NKT cells in vivo hampers their analys...

journal_title：International immunology

authors： Ren Y,Dashtsoodol N,Watarai H,Koseki H,Quan C,Taniguchi M

更新日期：2014-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:We have determined the origin and cell surface phenotype of B cells producing antibody in response to immunization with the non-self TI-2 antigen polyvinyl pyrrolidinone (PVP). We report that the responding cells are derived from precursors in adult bone marrow and display the phenotype characteristic of B-1 cells. By...

journal_title：International immunology

authors： Whitmore AC,Haughton G,Arnold LW

更新日期：1996-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:HLA-G, a human MHC class I molecule expressed on the trophoblast during pregnancy, was expressed in transgenic mice by recombining the HLA-G gene with a transcriptional promoter from a murine H-2 MHC class I gene. Skin grafts from HLA-G transgenic mice were rejected by non-transgenic mice showing that HLA-G behaves as...

journal_title：International immunology

authors： Horuzsko A,Antoniou J,Tomlinson P,Portik-Dobos V,Mellor AL

更新日期：1997-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Semaphorin 3A (Sema3A), originally identified as a potent growth cone collapsing factor in developing sensory neurons, is now recognized as a key player in immune, cardiovascular, bone metabolism and neurological systems. Here we established an anti-Sema3A monoclonal antibody that neutralizes the effects of Sema3A bot...

journal_title：International immunology

authors： Yamashita N,Jitsuki-Takahashi A,Ogawara M,Ohkubo W,Araki T,Hotta C,Tamura T,Hashimoto S,Yabuki T,Tsuji T,Sasakura Y,Okumura H,Takaiwa A,Koyama C,Murakami K,Goshima Y

更新日期：2015-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:NOD mice spontaneously develop type I diabetes resulting from autoimmune destruction of their insulin-producing beta cells. Among the self-antigens targeted by NOD autoimmune T cells is a peptide, p277, from the sequence of the 60 kDa heat shock protein (hsp60). Common to the anti-p277 T cell populations of NOD mice i...

journal_title：International immunology

authors： Elias D,Tikochinski Y,Frankel G,Cohen IR

更新日期：1999-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:IgG is the major immunoglobulin class produced during an immune response against foreign antigens and efficiently provides protection through its bifunctional nature. While the Fab domains confer highly specific recognition of the antigen, the Fc domain mediates a wide range of effector functions that modulate several...

journal_title：International immunology

authors： Bournazos S,Ravetch JV

更新日期：2017-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Eye-derived antigen-presenting cells (APCs) are known to contribute to the immune privilege status of the eye by inducing a form of peripheral tolerance that deviates T(h)1 type of pro-inflammatory immune responses. Similar systemic tolerance can also be induced by non-ocular APCs exposed to transforming growth factor...

journal_title：International immunology

authors： Masli S,Turpie B,Streilein JW

更新日期：2006-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Interleukin 3 (IL-3) promotes the survival and proliferation of hematopoietic cells of various lineages in culture. Like most other hematopoietic colony stimulating factors, its mode of action is unknown. However, binding of the lymphokine induces protein tyrosine phosphorylation and enhanced glucose transport in some...

journal_title：International immunology

authors： Nefesh I,Bauskin AR,Alkalay I,Golembo M,Ben-Neriah Y

更新日期：1991-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The chaperone glucose-regulated protein 94 (GRP94) has long been used to augment peptide presentation to T cells. This chaperone binds antigenic peptides, binds to receptors on professional antigen-presenting cells (APCs), activates these cells and after internalization, transfers the peptides to MHC class I for activ...

journal_title：International immunology

authors： Biswas C,Sriram U,Ciric B,Ostrovsky O,Gallucci S,Argon Y

更新日期：2006-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:We have found that FOXP3 is an oligomeric component of a large supramolecular complex. Certain FOXP3 mutants with single amino acid deletions in the leucine zipper domain of FOXP3 are associated with the X-linked autoimmunity-allergic dysregulation (XLAAD) and immunodysregulation, polyendocrinopathy and enteropathy, X...

journal_title：International immunology

authors： Li B,Samanta A,Song X,Iacono KT,Brennan P,Chatila TA,Roncador G,Banham AH,Riley JL,Wang Q,Shen Y,Saouaf SJ,Greene MI

更新日期：2007-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The third complementarity determining regions of heavy chain variable regions (CDRH3) confer the fine specificities of antibodies. The CDRH3 length distribution of all human or all mouse antibodies appears to be more or less random, with the human distribution having a wider spread. Since the Kabat database of aligned...

journal_title：International immunology

authors： Johnson G,Wu TT

更新日期：1998-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The dynamic behaviour of isolated populations of peritoneal LPS-reactive (LPSr) B lymphocytes was studied upon transfer of peritoneal cells (PerC) from C57BL/6 LPS responder into C57BL/10ScCr LPS non-responder mice. We have followed the persistence and life-span of the transferred LPSr donor B cells in the spleen and ...

journal_title：International immunology

authors： Thomas-Vaslin V,Feitas AA

更新日期：1990-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Mouse CD4+ T cells were subdivided into two subpopulations, naive (CD44low CD45RBhigh) and memory (CD44high CD45RBlow) T cells, by flow cytometric analysis. Examination of spleen and peripheral blood of C57BL/6 mice of various ages revealed that there was a reciprocal age-associated change in these two subpopulations,...

journal_title：International immunology

authors： Kurashima C,Utsuyama M,Kasai M,Ishijima SA,Konno A,Hirokawa K

更新日期：1995-01-01 00:00:00