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Complementary effect of hydroquinone and retinoic acid on corneocyte desquamation with their combination use.

Abstract：

BACKGROUND:Retinoic acid (RA) enhances skin-lightening capabilities of hydroquinone (HQ), at least in part, by facilitating desquamation which leads to increase penetration of HQ. The desquamation also affects skin irritation levels. The mechanism of RA-induced desquamation, however, has not been completely explored and no such data has been available for HQ uses. OBJECTIVE:To examine the role of HQ, RA, and their combination in the desquamation. METHODS:Primary cultured normal human keratinocytes, which were treated with HQ and/or RA in presence or absence of serine-specific inhibitor Kazal type5 (SPINK5)/lympho-epithelial Kazal-type-related inhibitor (LEKTI) knockdown or recombinant human SPINK5/LEKTI, and biopsied skin samples applied with HQ or RA were examined. Expression levels of corneodesmosin (CDSN), desmocollin1 (DSC1), kallikrein5 (KLK5), KLK7, and SPINK5/LEKTI, and proteolysis activity against extracted human skin epidermal protein were determined using time-course real-time PCR, Western blotting, ELISA, and immunofluorescence staining. RESULTS:HQ increased but RA decreased the synthesis of CDSN and DSC1. HQ reduced corneodesmosome degradation by the upregulation of SPINK5/LEKTI, whereas RA showed opposite results without upregulation of SPINK5/LEKTI. The combination of HQ and RA was close to the sum of the individual components. CONCLUSIONS:HQ reduced corneocyte desquamation. However, RA enhanced desquamation. The combination induced more desquamation than HQ but less than RA.

journal_name

J Dermatol Sci

journal_title

Journal of dermatological science

authors

Cheong KA,Lee TR,Lee AY

doi

10.1016/j.jdermsci.2017.03.023

subject

Has Abstract

pub_date

2017-08-01 00:00:00

pages

192-200

issue

2

eissn

0923-1811

issn

1873-569X

pii

S0923-1811(16)31002-7

journal_volume

87

pub_type

杂志文章

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