Abstract：
:How do joint measures of premorbid cognitive ability and familial cognitive aptitude (FCA) reflect risk for a diversity of psychiatric and substance use disorders? To address this question, we examined, using Cox models, the predictive effects of school achievement (SA) measured at age 16 and FCA-assessed from SA in siblings and cousins, and educational attainment in parents-on risk for 12 major psychiatric syndromes in 1 140 608 Swedes born 1972-1990. Four developmental patterns emerged. In the first, risk was predicted jointly by low levels of SA and high levels of FCA-that is a level of SA lower than would be predicted from the FCA. This pattern was strongest in autism spectrum disorders and schizophrenia, and weakest in bipolar illness. In these disorders, a pathologic process seems to have caused cognitive functioning to fall substantially short of familial potential. In the second pattern, seen in the internalizing conditions of major depression and anxiety disorders, risk was associated with low SA but was unrelated to FCA. Externalizing disorders-drug abuse and alcohol use disorders-demonstrated the third pattern, in which risk was predicted jointly by low SA and low FCA. The fourth pattern, seen in eating disorders, was directly opposite of that observed in externalizing disorders with risk associated with high SA and high FCA. When measured together, adolescent cognitive ability and FCA identified four developmental patterns leading to diverse psychiatric disorders. The value of cognitive assessments in psychiatric research can be substantially increased by also evaluating familial cognitive potential.
journal_name
Mol Psychiatryjournal_title
Molecular psychiatryauthors
Kendler KS,Ohlsson H,Keefe RSE,Sundquist K,Sundquist Jdoi
10.1038/mp.2017.78subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2018-04-01 00:00:00pages
1076-1083issue
4eissn
1359-4184issn
1476-5578pii
mp201778journal_volume
23pub_type
杂志文章abstract：:Exercise has a variety of beneficial effects on brain structure and function, such as hippocampal neurogenesis, mood and memory. Previous studies have shown that exercise enhances hippocampal neurogenesis, induces antidepressant effects and improves learning behavior. Brain serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine, 5-HT) levels...
journal_title：Molecular psychiatry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/mp.2014.153
更新日期：2015-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Many antidepressants stimulate adult hippocampal neurogenesis, but the mechanisms by which they increase neurogenesis and modulate behavior are incompletely understood. Here we show that hippocampal bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) signaling is modulated by antidepressant treatment, and that the changes in BMP signali...
journal_title：Molecular psychiatry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/mp.2016.160
更新日期：2017-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Circulating triglycerides (TGs) normally increase after a meal but are altered in pathophysiological conditions, such as obesity. Although TG metabolism in the brain remains poorly understood, several brain structures express enzymes that process TG-enriched particles, including mesolimbic structures. For this reason,...
journal_title：Molecular psychiatry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/mp.2014.31
更新日期：2014-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The core nature of nicotine dependence is evident in wide variations in how individuals become and remain smokers. Individuals with pre-existing behavioral traits are more likely to develop nicotine dependence and experience difficulty when attempting to quit. Many molecular factors likely contribute to individual var...
journal_title：Molecular psychiatry
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1038/mp.2009.16
更新日期：2009-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Obscure work on the inheritance of two peculiar genetic traits in yeast has recently collided with work on infectious, neurodegenerative diseases in mammals. The impact illuminates both fields. The yeast work reveals a new mechanism of genetic variation that is based on differences in protein conformation rather than ...
journal_title：Molecular psychiatry
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：1996-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Schizophrenia and bipolar disorder have both been linked to structural abnormalities of the hippocampus, which is consistent with a neurodevelopmental anomaly. One isoform of the neural cell adhesion molecule (N-CAM) protein, cytosolic N-CAM 105-115 kDa, was previously shown to be increased in schizophrenia in the hip...
journal_title：Molecular psychiatry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/sj.mp.4000547
更新日期：1999-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Niemann-Pick disease type A (NPA) is a rare lysosomal storage disorder characterized by severe neurological alterations that leads to death in childhood. Loss-of-function mutations in the acid sphingomyelinase (ASM) gene cause NPA, and result in the accumulation of sphingomyelin (SM) in lysosomes and plasma membrane o...
journal_title：Molecular psychiatry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/mp.2016.148
更新日期：2017-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Research on avoidance conditioning began in the late 1930s as a way to use laboratory experiments to better understand uncontrollable fear and anxiety. Avoidance was initially conceived of as a two-factor learning process in which fear is first acquired through Pavlovian aversive conditioning (so-called fear condition...
journal_title：Molecular psychiatry
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1038/mp.2016.166
更新日期：2017-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Major mood disorders, which primarily include bipolar disorder and major depressive disorder, are the leading cause of disability worldwide and pose a major challenge in identifying robust risk genes. Here, we present data from independent large-scale clinical data sets (including 29 557 cases and 32 056 controls) rev...
journal_title：Molecular psychiatry
pub_type： 杂志文章,meta分析
doi：10.1038/mp.2016.231
更新日期：2018-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Neuregulin and the neuregulin receptor ERBB4 have been genetically and functionally implicated in schizophrenia. In this study, we used the yeast two-hybrid system to identify proteins that interact with ERBB4, to identify genes and pathways that might contribute to schizophrenia susceptibility. We identified the MAGI...
journal_title：Molecular psychiatry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/sj.mp.4001991
更新日期：2008-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Psychotic symptoms occur in ~40% of subjects with Alzheimer's disease (AD) and are associated with more rapid cognitive decline and increased functional deficits. They show heritability up to 61% and have been proposed as a marker for a disease subtype suitable for gene mapping efforts. We undertook a combined analysi...
journal_title：Molecular psychiatry
pub_type： 杂志文章,meta分析,多中心研究
doi：10.1038/mp.2011.125
更新日期：2012-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In recent years, numerous studies of gene regulation mechanisms have emerged in neuroscience. Epigenetic modifications, described as heritable but reversible changes, include DNA methylation, DNA hydroxymethylation, histone modifications and noncoding RNAs. The pathogenesis of psychiatric disorders, such as bipolar di...
journal_title：Molecular psychiatry
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1038/mp.2016.123
更新日期：2016-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The hippocampus is critical to healthy cognition, yet results in the current study show that action video game players have reduced grey matter within the hippocampus. A subsequent randomised longitudinal training experiment demonstrated that first-person shooting games reduce grey matter within the hippocampus in par...
journal_title：Molecular psychiatry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/mp.2017.155
更新日期：2018-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Circulating inflammatory mediators can signal neurons through a pathway in which cytokine activation of the cells of the blood-brain barrier causes the induction of the nuclear factor kappa B (NF-kappaB), leading to the transcription of target genes, such as the one encoding cyclooxygenase 2 (COX-2), the enzyme that i...
journal_title：Molecular psychiatry
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：1999-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:To identify loci associated with Alzheimer disease, we conducted a three-stage analysis using existing genome-wide association studies (GWAS) and genotyping in a new sample. In Stage I, all suggestive single-nucleotide polymorphisms (at P<0.001) in a previously reported GWAS of seven independent studies (8082 Alzheime...
journal_title：Molecular psychiatry
pub_type： 杂志文章,meta分析
doi：10.1038/mp.2013.86
更新日期：2014-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Dysthymia is characterized by long-lasting periods of lowered mood. Epidemiological studies in the USA and Europe have demonstrated that the prevalence of dysthymia is at least 3% of the general population. Its pervasive occurrence makes dysthymia a public health problem worldwide. One feature of this disorder is its ...
journal_title：Molecular psychiatry
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：1996-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is associated with elevated risk for a variety of age-related diseases and neurodegeneration. In this paper, we review evidence relevant to the hypothesis that chronic PTSD constitutes a form of persistent life stress that potentiates oxidative stress (OXS) and accelerates cellula...
journal_title：Molecular psychiatry
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1038/mp.2014.111
更新日期：2014-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We endeavored to identify objective blood biomarkers for pain, a subjective sensation with a biological basis, using a stepwise discovery, prioritization, validation, and testing in independent cohorts design. We studied psychiatric patients, a high risk group for co-morbid pain disorders and increased perception of p...
journal_title：Molecular psychiatry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/s41380-018-0345-5
更新日期：2019-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Bipolar affective disorder (BPAD) is a common psychiatric disorder with complex genetic aetiology. We have undertaken a genome-wide scan in one of the largest samples of bipolar affected sibling pairs (ASPs) using a two-stage approach combining sample splitting and marker grid tightening. In this second stage analysis...
journal_title：Molecular psychiatry
pub_type： 杂志文章,多中心研究
doi：10.1038/sj.mp.4001684
更新日期：2005-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Chronic methamphetamine use poses potentially devastating consequences for directly affected individuals and for society. Lower dopamine D2-type receptor availability has been observed in striata of methamphetamine users as compared with controls, but an analogous comparison of D1-type receptors has been conducted onl...
journal_title：Molecular psychiatry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/mp.2017.172
更新日期：2018-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Identifying genes for bipolar mood disorders through classic genetics has proven difficult. Here, we present a comprehensive convergent approach that translationally integrates brain gene expression data from a relevant pharmacogenomic mouse model (involving treatments with a stimulant--methamphetamine, and a mood sta...
journal_title：Molecular psychiatry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/sj.mp.4001547
更新日期：2004-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Poorly regulated reward seeking is a central feature of substance use disorder. Recent research shows that rewarding drug-related experiences induce synchronous activation of a discrete number of neurons in the nucleus accumbens that are causally linked to reward-related contexts. Here we comprehensively characterize ...
journal_title：Molecular psychiatry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/s41380-020-00888-z
更新日期：2020-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a common, highly heritable neurodevelopmental disorder. Genetic loci have not yet been identified by genome-wide association studies. Rare copy number variations (CNVs), such as chromosomal deletions or duplications, have been implicated in ADHD and other neurodevelop...
journal_title：Molecular psychiatry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/mp.2012.161
更新日期：2014-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Exposure to severe stressors increases the risk for psychiatric disorders in vulnerable individuals, but can lead to positive outcomes for others. However, it remains unknown how severe stress affects neural functioning in humans and what factors mediate individual differences in the neural sequelae of stress. The amy...
journal_title：Molecular psychiatry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/mp.2010.132
更新日期：2011-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Benzodiazepines facilitate the inhibitory actions of GABA by binding to γ-aminobutyric acid type A receptors (GABAARs), GABA-gated chloride/bicarbonate channels, which are the key mediators of transmission at inhibitory synapses in the brain. This activity underpins potent anxiolytic, anticonvulsant and hypnotic effec...
journal_title：Molecular psychiatry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/s41380-018-0100-y
更新日期：2018-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In developing his mature concept of hebephrenic dementia praecox (DP) in his 4th (1893) through 6th textbook editions (1899), Kraepelin worked from the hebephrenic syndrome first described by Hecker (1871) and then carefully studied by his student Daraszkiewicz (1892). Working under Kraepelin's supervision, Daraszkiew...
journal_title：Molecular psychiatry
pub_type： 历史文章,杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1038/s41380-019-0411-7
更新日期：2020-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Anxiety-related behaviors are closely linked to neural circuits relaying fear-specific information to the amygdala. Many of these circuits, like those underlying processing of innate fear, are remarkably well understood. Recent imaging studies have contributed to this knowledge by discriminating more detailed corticoa...
journal_title：Molecular psychiatry
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章
doi：10.1038/sj.mp.4001908
更新日期：2006-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:DNA methylation, which is modulated by both genetic factors and environmental exposures, may offer a unique opportunity to discover novel biomarkers of disease-related brain phenotypes, even when measured in other tissues than brain, such as blood. A few studies of small sample sizes have revealed associations between...
journal_title：Molecular psychiatry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/s41380-019-0605-z
更新日期：2019-12-06 00:00:00
abstract：:This study explores whether inflammatory biomarkers act as moderators of clinical response to omega-3 (n-3) fatty acids in subjects with major depressive disorder (MDD). One hundred fifty-five subjects with Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 4th Edition (DSM-IV) MDD, a baseline 17-item Hamilton Dep...
journal_title：Molecular psychiatry
pub_type： 杂志文章,多中心研究,随机对照试验
doi：10.1038/mp.2015.22
更新日期：2016-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:It is essential to elucidate brain-adipocyte interactions in order to tackle obesity and its comorbidities, as the precise control of brain-adipose tissue cross-talk is crucial for energy and glucose homeostasis. Recent studies show that in the peripheral adipose tissue, adenosine induces adipogenesis through peripher...
journal_title：Molecular psychiatry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/s41380-020-00908-y
更新日期：2020-10-16 00:00:00
