Abstract：
:A screening program for antiviral drugs begun at Burroughs Wellcome in the 1960s resulted in the discovery of acyclovir in 1974. Preclinical investigation brought the drug to clinical trials in 1977 and the first form of the drug (topical) was available to physicians in 1982. Activity of acyclovir is greatest against herpes 1 and herpes 2, less against varicella zoster, still less against Epstein-Barr, and very little against cytomegalovirus. Acyclovir is an antiviral agent only after it is phosphorylated in infected cells by a viral-induced thymidine kinase. Acyclovir monophosphate is phosphorylated to diphosphate and triphosphate forms by cellular enzymes in the infected host cell where the drug is concentrated. Acyclovir triphosphate inactivates viral deoxyribonucleic acid polymerase. Acyclovir incorporation into the growing viral deoxyribonucleic acid chain causes its termination. The antiviral process has relatively little effect on normal, uninfected cells. An important toxic effect of acyclovir is its potential to cause obstructive nephropathy. The drug is excreted primarily by the kidney, which may require smaller doses in patients with decreased kidney function. Oral dosages of acyclovir as recommended for herpes simplex are probably not adequate for varicella zoster infections.
journal_name
J Am Acad Dermatoljournal_title
Journal of the American Academy of Dermatologyauthors
King DHdoi
10.1016/s0190-9622(88)70022-5subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1988-01-01 00:00:00pages
176-9issue
1 Pt 2eissn
0190-9622issn
1097-6787pii
S0190-9622(88)70022-5journal_volume
18pub_type
历史文章,杂志文章abstract：:A technique involving modification of the routine paraffin embedding procedure that allows immunohistochemical examination of extracellular antigens by light microscopy is described. The method is thus suitable for routine diagnostic immunofluorescence studies, permitting reliable, reproducible immunolabeling of immun...
journal_title：Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0190-9622(88)70232-7
更新日期：1988-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Some studies have shown that switching patients from one tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alfa inhibitor to another may be beneficial when they have an inadequate response or an adverse event. OBJECTIVE:We sought to assess the variables predicting the efficacy of the second TNF-alfa inhibitor in patients discont...
journal_title：Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.jaad.2013.10.019
更新日期：2014-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Epidermolysis bullosa acquisita is a chronic, severe, subepidermal, blistering disease of the skin, characterized by marked resistance to topical and systemic therapy. This report concerns a well-documented case of a woman who had had epidermolysis bullosa acquisita for 6 years and had remained hospitalized continuous...
journal_title：Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0190-9622(88)70254-6
更新日期：1988-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We describe a 21-year-old male patient with linear extragenital lichen sclerosus. The lesions are confined to the left side of his body and consist of 3 long bands running along the left leg and several patchy and linear lesions on the left side of his trunk. An associated finding is a smaller diameter of the distal p...
journal_title：Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.jaad.2003.09.015
更新日期：2004-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Poison ivy, poison oak, and poison sumac are now classified in the genus Toxicodendron which is readily distinguished from Rhus. In the United States, there are two species of poison oak, Toxicodendron diversilobum (western poison oak) and Toxicodendron toxicarium (eastern poison oak). There are also two species of po...
journal_title：Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0190-9622(81)70014-8
更新日期：1981-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Disseminated superficial actinic porokeratosis (DSAP) is associated with sun exposure and tanning bed usage and has been rarely reported in association with systemic PUVA. We report the first case of DSAP occurring after topical foot PUVA. ...
journal_title：Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1067/mjd.2000.107941
更新日期：2000-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Keloids are a common lesion arising from sites of previous trauma and are a considerable source of morbidity because of continued growth of lesions, pruritus, and physical appearance. They consist of mesenchymal cells embedded in a stroma of disordered collagen matrix. Clinically, keloids are distinguished f...
journal_title：Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1067/mjd.2001.117736
更新日期：2001-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Parachlorometaxylenol is used as a germicide in many topical products. To our knowledge, this is the first case of dermatitis from parachlorometaxylenol in electrocardiograph electrodes used with cardiac monitors. The patient also had hand eczema from a germicidal soap containing parachlorometaxylenol. In addition, ou...
journal_title：Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0190-9622(86)70175-8
更新日期：1986-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The presence of immunoglobulin and complement deposits in the skin of three patients with papular urticaria suggests that these lesions may be due to a cutaneous vasculitis. These deposits were most frequently found in biopsy specimens taken from lesions within 24 hours of their development. The presence of granular d...
journal_title：Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0190-9622(84)80330-8
更新日期：1984-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Ultraviolet B phototherapy is underused because of costs and inconvenience. Home phototherapy may alleviate these issues, but training is spotty, and many physicians are not comfortable prescribing home phototherapy. OBJECTIVE:The purpose of this review is to provide a practical guide for recognizing approp...
journal_title：Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.jaad.2015.02.003
更新日期：2015-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:An estimated 750,000 melanoma survivors in the United States are at increased risk of subsequent primary cancers. OBJECTIVE:We sought to assess the risk of developing subsequent primary cancers among people with cutaneous melanoma. METHODS:Using 1992 to 2006 data from the National Cancer Institute Surveill...
journal_title：Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.jaad.2011.04.033
更新日期：2011-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Magnification of histologic and ultrastructural photoimages is frequently misrepresented in published reports. "Power," P, the usual mode of representation of magnification, is defined as the ratio of the distance between two points on the photoimage to that between the same two points on the original specimen, but is...
journal_title：Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0190-9622(85)70194-6
更新日期：1985-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:High frequency of B-RAF gene mutations has recently been identified in benign melanocytic nevi and melanoma. This review focuses on clinical studies that evaluate the role of B-RAF in melanocytic neoplasia. ...
journal_title：Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.jaad.2005.04.013
更新日期：2005-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Mycophenolate mofetil (MMF) has been widely used as an immunosuppressant in organ transplantation. MMF has recently been added to therapeutic regimens for skin disorders. Expanding the use of MMF in dermatology, we describe additional patients with autoimmune and inflammatory skin diseases, including 4 cases of pemphi...
journal_title：Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0190-9622(99)70203-3
更新日期：1999-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We report reactive perforating collagenosis in an intravenous heroin abuser with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome and end-stage renal disease. The literature on perforating disorders in patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome and the pathogenesis of reactive perforating collagenosis in this setting is revie...
journal_title：Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0190-9622(89)80037-4
更新日期：1989-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Annular elastolytic giant cell granuloma (AEGCG) is a rare granulomatous skin disease of unknown origin that is characterized clinically by annular patches with erythematous borders and hypopigmented centers and histologically by loss of elastic fibers and elastophagocytosis. We report a case of AEGCG in an 8-month-ol...
journal_title：Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.jaad.2005.02.013
更新日期：2005-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A cutaneous and soft tissue reaction that resulted from a broken thermometer inside the mouth of a 10-year-old boy is described. Metallic mercury globules and glass pieces were identified in the excised tissue. On histologic examination, a zone of necrosis, polymorphonuclear leukocytes, macrophages, and multinucleated...
journal_title：Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/0190-9622(91)70283-8
更新日期：1991-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Sjögren syndrome (SS) is an autoimmune connective tissue disorder (CTD) that principally affects the lacrimal and salivary glands. Although SS is 1 of the 3 most common autoimmune CTDs alongside systemic lupus erythematosus and progressive systemic sclerosis, it is the least researched CTD overall. SS poses a particul...
journal_title：Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.jaad.2018.05.021
更新日期：2018-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The number of cases of mycotic infections are increasing, presenting physicians today with an unprecedented challenge in handling the treatment and prophylactic control of these disorders. The increase in mycotic disorders is due to many factors, such as longer life span, organ transplantation, and the acquired immuno...
journal_title：Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/0190-9622(90)70251-c
更新日期：1990-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Digital dermoscopic image analysis of pigmented skin lesions (PSLs) has become increasingly popular, despite its unclear clinical utility. Unbiased, high-powered studies investigating the efficacy of commercially available systems are limited. OBJECTIVE:To investigate the diagnostic performance of the FotoF...
journal_title：Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.jaad.2017.01.049
更新日期：2018-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Erythropoietic protoporphyria is an inherited disorder characterized biochemically by a deficiency of ferrochelatase, the enzyme that catalyzes the incorporation of ferrous iron into protoporphyrin to form heme. We describe a patient who illustrates the unpredictability of the course of liver disease in erythropoietic...
journal_title：Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0190-9622(93)70248-r
更新日期：1993-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We present a case of cutaneous infection due to Cladophialophora bantiana, an agent of phaeohyphomycosis. The patient developed a nodule with pustule formation on the dorsum of the left hand; no trauma was reported. The lesion was successfully treated with itraconazole and surgical excision. Histopathologically, there...
journal_title：Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0190-9622(99)70487-1
更新日期：1999-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Cutaneous T cell lymphoma (CTCL) is a clinically and immunologically defined neoplasm which encompasses epidermotropic (mycosis fungoides, Sézary syndrome) and nonepidermotropic variants. A natural evolution apparently occurs from the epidermotropic to the nonepidermotropic form. In this review, cellular properties of...
journal_title：Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/s0190-9622(80)80385-9
更新日期：1980-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The growing investigation and use of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) inhibitors in anticancer therapy has been motivated by their specificity for EGFR, which improves their ability to target cancer cells and enhances their safety profile compared with many other conventional chemotherapeutic agents. However, t...
journal_title：Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.jaad.2006.09.005
更新日期：2007-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:The incidence of delayed pressure urticaria (DPU) may have been underestimated, particularly in patients with widespread wheals of concurrent idiopathic urticaria, because of difficulty in recognizing the association between pressure-related swellings and the preceding physical stimulus. Diagnostic tests for...
journal_title：Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0190-9622(93)70273-v
更新日期：1993-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Lymphocyte function as expressed by T-lymphocyte subsets and natural killer cell activity was evaluated in a group of Israeli patients with classic Kaposi's sarcoma. T-cell subsets were examined in 28 patients, 14 with lesions limited to the lower extremities and 14 with diffuse cutaneous or systemic involvement. CD4 ...
journal_title：Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0190-9622(91)70149-v
更新日期：1991-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Many targeted therapies used in the treatment of cancer can lead to the development of xerosis, but the incidence and relative risk of xerosis have not been ascertained. OBJECTIVE:We conducted a systematic review and metaanalysis of clinical trials, to ascertain the incidence and risk of developing xerosis ...
journal_title：Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology
pub_type： 杂志文章,meta分析,评审
doi：10.1016/j.jaad.2014.12.010
更新日期：2015-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The Papillon-Lefèvre syndrome is characterized by palmoplantar hyperkeratosis and juvenile periodontitis that results in the precocious loss of both the deciduous and permanent teeth. We report a patient with Papillon-Lefèvre syndrome associated with acroosteolysis, an association that has not been previously describe...
journal_title：Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0190-9622(91)70127-n
更新日期：1991-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Four cases of Laugier-Hunziker syndrome are described. In all patients (two men and two women between 39 and 57 years of age) pigmentation of the lower lip and hard palate was found. in addition, two patients had involvement of the buccal mucosa; another patient also had pigmentation of the upper lip, the gums, the so...
journal_title：Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/0190-9622(91)70244-v
更新日期：1991-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Psychosomatic dermatology is practiced in some manner by every dermatologist. In spite of this, there has been a virtual void in the literature from the middle 1950s until the present time. The relationship to physiologic phenomena, as well as a classification of psychosomatic dermatology, is reviewed. Dermatologic pa...
journal_title：Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/s0190-9622(81)70081-1
更新日期：1981-08-01 00:00:00
