Abstract：
:This cross-sectional descriptive study aimed to investigate the incidence of rotavirus and enteric bacterial infections among children up to 5 years old with diarrhea living in suburban and rural areas of Kenya. Between August 2011 and December 2013, a total of 1,060 diarrheal fecal specimens were obtained from 722 children at Kiambu County Hospital (KCH), located in a suburban area, and from 338 children from Mbita District Hospital (MDH), located in a rural part of western Kenya. Of the 1,060 isolates, group A rotavirus was detected in 29.6% (214/722) and 11.2% (38/338) fecal specimens from KCH and MDH, respectively. Diarrheagenic Escherichia coli (DEC) was found to be the most frequently isolated bacterial pathogens in both study areas (32.8% at KCH and 44.1% at MDH). Two different mixed infection patterns (virus/bacteria and bacteria/bacteria) were observed among patients. A significantly higher infection rate of rotavirus (17.6%, p = 0.001) and DEC (10.5%, p = 0.007) were observed during the dry season. Our study found that in both suburban and rural settings in Kenya, rotavirus and DEC are the principal cause of pediatric diarrhea and exhibit higher incidence during the dry season.
journal_name
Jpn J Infect Disjournal_title
Japanese journal of infectious diseasesauthors
Shah M,Odoyo E,Wandera E,Kathiiko C,Bundi M,Miringu G,Guyo S,Komoto S,Nyangao J,Karama M,Tsuji T,Taniguchi K,Morita K,Ichinose Ydoi
10.7883/yoken.JJID.2016.398subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2017-07-24 00:00:00pages
442-447issue
4eissn
1344-6304issn
1884-2836journal_volume
70pub_type
杂志文章abstract：:Enterovirus 71 (EV71) is shown to be a major causative agent in outbreaks of hand, foot, and mouth disease (HFMD) reported in Guangdong (GD) Province of China in 2008. A total of 48,876 HFMD cases (131 severe and 21 fatal) were reported to the GD HFMD web-based surveillance system, which covers 871 clinics. The main c...
journal_title：Japanese journal of infectious diseases
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：2011-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The aim of the present study was to evaluate the predation efficacy of Bdellovibrio bacteriovorus on multidrug-resistant (MDR) or extensive drug resistant (XDR) gram-negative pathogens and their corresponding biofilms. In this study, we examined the ability of B. bacteriovorus to prey on MDR and XDR gram-negative clin...
journal_title：Japanese journal of infectious diseases
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.7883/yoken.JJID.2016.405
更新日期：2017-09-25 00:00:00
abstract：:A total of 12 enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli (EHEC) O157:H7 strains were isolated during a recent outbreak in a nursery school in Ehime Prefecture, Japan. These isolates were considered to be derived from a common strain when analyzed using an IS-printing method and pulsed-field gel electrophoresis. PCR analysis r...
journal_title：Japanese journal of infectious diseases
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.7883/yoken.66.201
更新日期：2013-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Despite the demonstrated benefits of influenza vaccinations, the coverage is lower than expected among health-care personnel (HCP). In this study we surveyed the attitudes of pediatric residents regarding influenza immunization and adverse reactions. Forty-five female and 35 male pediatric residents with ages ranging ...
journal_title：Japanese journal of infectious diseases
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：2007-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A previously developed Russell's viper venom toxoid in Myanmar is in a liquid form that shows reversion in the form of a reduced number of formaldehyde linkages and toxicity during storage at 37 degrees C and at room temperature. In order to have a safe, potent and stable toxoid, a lyophilized form was prepared in the...
journal_title：Japanese journal of infectious diseases
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1999-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Syphilis is a sexually transmitted disease (STD) and is a major public health concern in India. The trend of syphilis infection was studied in attendees aged 15-49 years in an STD clinic in West Bengal from 2004 to 2008. Blood samples were collected from 250 consecutive patients per year (a total of 1,250 samples o...
journal_title：Japanese journal of infectious diseases
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：2011-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We investigated the prevalence of multidrug resistance, production of extended-spectrum β-lactamases (ESBLs), and presence of class 1 and 2 integrons in 150 clinical isolates of Klebsiella pneumoniae from northwest Iran by performing phenotypic confirmatory tests and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) analysis. Of the...
journal_title：Japanese journal of infectious diseases
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.7883/yoken.65.256
更新日期：2012-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:This study aimed to determine the genotypes of NSP4 in children with acute rotavirus diarrhea and evaluate serum antibody titers to NSP4 in different age groups in Shanghai, China. A total of 171 stool specimens were collected from hospitalized patients < or =5 years of age who had acute rotavirus diarrhea between Jan...
journal_title：Japanese journal of infectious diseases
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：2010-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The aimes of the present study were to monitor genetic alterations in the hemagglutin (HA) gene and oseltamivir resistance-related alterations in the neuraminidase (NA) gene of influenza A(H1N1)pdm09 viral isolates detected during the post-pandemic period in Turkey. A total of 2601 clinical specimens obtained from sus...
journal_title：Japanese journal of infectious diseases
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.7883/yoken.66.299
更新日期：2013-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:An outbreak of tularemia occurred in three provinces in Turkey in February 2004 and reemerged in the same provinces in February 2005. A total of 61 cases, 54 of which were confirmed with the micro-agglutination test, were diagnosed with oropharyngeal tularemia. No culture for Francisella tularensis was attempted, but ...
journal_title：Japanese journal of infectious diseases
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：2006-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In this prospective pilot study we evaluated the efficacy of blood cultures (BC) in detecting bacteremia and fungemia prior to the occurrence of infectious signs. Between February 2003 and July 2003, BC were performed twice weekly in neutropenic hematological patients using blood drawn from central venous catheters. M...
journal_title：Japanese journal of infectious diseases
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：2005-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The aim of this study was to evaluate the prevalence and characteristics of carbapenemase-producing Enterobacteriaceae (CPE) from 3 tertiary-care Korean university hospitals between 2017 and 2018. Non-duplicated clinical isolates of Enterobacteriaceae showing resistance to any carbapenem agents were collected prospect...
journal_title：Japanese journal of infectious diseases
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.7883/yoken.JJID.2020.043
更新日期：2020-11-24 00:00:00
abstract：:We evaluated two currently available rapid antigen detection tests (RADTs) for Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV), Sofia® RSV FIA and BinaxNOW RSV Card (BinaxNOW). Between November 2017 and February 2018, 395 nasopharyngeal swabs were collected from children diagnosed with acute respiratory infections. The swabs were e...
journal_title：Japanese journal of infectious diseases
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.7883/yoken.JJID.2018.528
更新日期：2019-11-21 00:00:00
abstract：:Human bocavirus (HBoV) is a novel virus which can cause respiratory tract disease in infants and children. Recently, the prevalence of this virus was studied worldwide not only in the respiratory tract, but also in the gastrointestinal tract. The results of this study focusing on the HBoV detection in stool samples sh...
journal_title：Japanese journal of infectious diseases
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：2008-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In world leprosy nowadays, a favorable epidemiologic trend has been provided due to the best effort of the worldwide campaign with chemotherapy providing a bright but one-sided look at the future. However, the numbers of new patients are still higher than those under chemotherapy, leaving a concern over the remaining ...
journal_title：Japanese journal of infectious diseases
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：2005-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Of 59 clinical isolates of Enterobacter cloacae from a teaching hospital in Sichuan, China, 18 isolates were shown to be resistant to oxyimino cephalosporins and aztreonam. Enterobacterial repetitive consensus PCR revealed that these isolates comprised 7 distinct genotypes. The presence of plasmids in the 18 clinical ...
journal_title：Japanese journal of infectious diseases
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：2008-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The prevalence of Mycoplasma pneumoniae among HIV-positive patients with community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) remains unclear. We investigated 300 HIV-positive adults (200 with CAP and 100 with no respiratory illness) and 75 HIV-negative adults with CAP for the prevalence of respiratory pathogens using culture and serol...
journal_title：Japanese journal of infectious diseases
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：2007-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Urinary tract infection (UTI) is one of the most commonly encountered infections in childhood. It has been demonstrated that the preputial sac can act as a reservoir of organisms and is thus responsible for causing ascending UTIs. This study was performed to determine the presence of preputial flora in different age g...
journal_title：Japanese journal of infectious diseases
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：2005-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Abacavir/lamivudine (ABC/3TC) is a nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor used for treating human immunodeficiency viral (HIV) infections. Hypersensitivity reactions such as skin eruptions caused by ABC are well-known, but rarely occur in Asians. Raltegravir (RAL) is an integrase strand transfer inhibitor, that is...
journal_title：Japanese journal of infectious diseases
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.7883/yoken.JJID.2014.236
更新日期：2016-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE), which determines the genomic relatedness of isolates, is currently used for the epidemiological investigation of infectious agents such as bacteria. In particular, this method has been used for the epidemiological investigation of Legionella outbreaks. However, it takes 4 days ...
journal_title：Japanese journal of infectious diseases
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：2009-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:This study was conducted to investigate the distribution of rotavirus genotypes in Nara Prefecture, Japan before and after the introduction of rotavirus vaccination in 2011. Since the 2011/2012 season, DS-1-like G1P[8] strains have been detected in Nara Prefecture, accounting for about half of all strains in the 2014/...
journal_title：Japanese journal of infectious diseases
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.7883/yoken.JJID.2016.419
更新日期：2017-09-25 00:00:00
abstract：:We investigated the linezolid susceptibility of Mycobacterium tuberculosis strains isolated from a tertiary care hospital in Izmir. A total of 67 M. tuberculosis strains (33 multidrug-resistant [MDR] and 34 non-MDR) were isolated and identified by the Tuberculosis Laboratory, Department of Microbiology and Clinical Mi...
journal_title：Japanese journal of infectious diseases
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：2009-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In this paper, we examine 2 case reports for different reptile-related Salmonella enterica subspecies enterica serotypes. In case 1, a 5-year-old boy presented with gastroenteritis caused by S. enterica subspecies enterica serovar Poona. The suspected source of infection was a turtle kept at the patient's home. In cas...
journal_title：Japanese journal of infectious diseases
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.7883/yoken.JJID.2014.490
更新日期：2015-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Quantitative PCR testing for JC virus (JCV) DNA in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) is one of the diagnostic standards for progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy (PML). The present study was conducted to examine its reliability using CSF specimens that had been preserved with guanidine lysis buffers in commercial nuc...
journal_title：Japanese journal of infectious diseases
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.7883/yoken.67.307
更新日期：2014-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Understanding the local factors influencing the transmission of communicable diseases is important to minimize social damage. The aim of this study was to investigate local factors influencing seasonal influenza epidemics in Aomori prefecture consisting of 6 regions, i.e., Seihoku, Chunan, and Tosei on the west side, ...
journal_title：Japanese journal of infectious diseases
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.7883/yoken.JJID.2015.500
更新日期：2016-11-22 00:00:00
abstract：:Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), known as a nosocomial pathogen, has been isolated from community-acquired infections since the 1980s. It has been reported that there are carriers of MRSA in the community although the rate of carriers is low and the most important risk factor of community-acquired c...
journal_title：Japanese journal of infectious diseases
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：2004-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The recent increase in gram-negative bacteria coproducing multiple classes of β-lactamases has made it difficult to accurately identify metallo-β-lactamase (MBL) producers. In the present study, six methods for detecting MBL producers were compared using 56 gram-negative bacterial isolates that produce various β-lacta...
journal_title：Japanese journal of infectious diseases
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.7883/yoken.66.512
更新日期：2013-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Hepatitis B virus (HBV) surface antigen mutations may lead to immune escape and eventually cause failure of immunization. In this report, we identified immune escape variants in immunized babies born to hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) carrier mothers. A total of 68 babies were followed up for 2 years after the ful...
journal_title：Japanese journal of infectious diseases
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：2008-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We compared the overall usage of veterinary therapeutic antimicrobials in Japan to the proportion of antimicrobial-resistant. Escherichia coli isolated from the feces of apparently healthy food-producing animals in 2001. The annual sales volume of veterinary antimicrobials, which is published and accumulated informati...
journal_title：Japanese journal of infectious diseases
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：2005-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A molecular epidemiological study of rotavirus (RV) and norovirus (NoV) infections was carried out in Nha Trang city in Vietnam between December 2005 and June 2006. RV and NoV were detected in 87 (47.5%) and 12 (6.6%) of the 183 fecal specimens from children hospitalized with acute gastroenteritis, respectively. The m...
journal_title：Japanese journal of infectious diseases
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：2010-11-01 00:00:00
