Abstract：
:A previously developed Russell's viper venom toxoid in Myanmar is in a liquid form that shows reversion in the form of a reduced number of formaldehyde linkages and toxicity during storage at 37 degrees C and at room temperature. In order to have a safe, potent and stable toxoid, a lyophilized form was prepared in the present study from the liquid toxoid through the use of a freeze dryer. Both the liquid and lyophilized forms were then stored at 4 degrees C and at room temperature, and in addition to safety and immunogenicity tests, biochemical parameters such as the protein content, the activity of venom enzymes (proteinase, phospholipase A, phosphodiesterase, and arginine esterase), and the released free formalin amounts were assessed at 3-month intervals over a period of 1 year. The results indicate that under both conditions, the lyophilized toxoid shows minimum changes in enzyme activity, a reduced tendency toward formaldehyde linkage, no toxicity, and more immunogenicity in comparison with the respective liquid toxoids. It could therefore be hypothesized that Russell's viper venom toxoid in a lyophilized form is more promising in terms of efficacy and stability for prophylactic use in human immunization than the conventional toxoid in a liquid form.
journal_name
Jpn J Infect Disjournal_title
Japanese journal of infectious diseasesauthors
Aung W,Hlaing KK,Kyaw KP,Win MM,Kyaw Asubject
Has Abstractpub_date
1999-12-01 00:00:00pages
234-7issue
6eissn
1344-6304issn
1884-2836journal_volume
52pub_type
杂志文章abstract：:This study was aimed at determining the molecular epidemiology of rabies virus (RABV) circulating in Vietnam. Intra vitam samples (saliva and cerebrospinal fluid) were collected from 31 patients who were believed to have rabies and were admitted to hospitals in northern provinces of Vietnam. Brain samples were collect...
journal_title：Japanese journal of infectious diseases
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：2011-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Infection transmission systems circulate infection through complex contact patterns related to both contact patterns and patterns of factors that affect the risk of transmission given contact. The nonlinear dynamics of infection transmission cause these patterns to make big differences in population infection levels. ...
journal_title：Japanese journal of infectious diseases
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：2005-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The aim of this study was to investigate a tularemia outbreak in the Thrace region of Turkey. The outbreak occurred in Demirkoy village of Edirne, in 2005. Of 400 villagers, 266 were examined and their sera were taken. Throat swabs and lymph node aspirates were cultured. Specific antibodies in patients and domestic an...
journal_title：Japanese journal of infectious diseases
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：2006-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A sensitive methodology for PCR detection of Staphylococcus aureus or Bordetella pertussis DNA within cot mattress polyurethane foam was developed. The assay's applicability was evaluated on polyurethane foam from used cot mattresses. S. aureus DNA was detected in 42% of mattresses of sudden infant death syndrome (SID...
journal_title：Japanese journal of infectious diseases
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：2007-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Variation by country in urinary tract infection (UTI)-causative bacteria is partly due to the differences in the use of antibiotics. We compared their frequencies and antibiotic susceptibilities in the treatment of patients with UTI from 2 cities, Kobe, Japan, and Surabaya, Indonesia. We retrospectively analyzed 1,804...
journal_title：Japanese journal of infectious diseases
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.7883/yoken.JJID.2017.233
更新日期：2018-01-23 00:00:00
abstract：:Forty-five antiretroviral-naive HIV-1 infected patients and 14 healthy controls in North China were enrolled in this study. The frequency of CD4+CD25+Foxp3+ regulatory T cells (Tregs) and levels of expression of CD95, HLA-DR and CD38 in T cells were detected by flow cytometry. We found that the frequency of Tregs was ...
journal_title：Japanese journal of infectious diseases
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：2008-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Japanese spotted fever (JSF) is caused by Rickettsia japonica. Although it induces a variety of complications, acute myocarditis has never been reported as a complication of JSF. We treated a JSF patient who developed acute myocarditis. To our knowledge, this is the first case of JSF complicated with acute myocarditis...
journal_title：Japanese journal of infectious diseases
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：2007-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Non-typhoidal salmonellae (NTS) are a major cause of acute diarrhea with characteristic multidrug resistance (MDR). In a hospital-based study, 81 NTS were isolated and tested for serotypes and antimicrobial resistance (AMR). Salmonella enterica isolates were classified into 7 different typable serovars, however, 19 (2...
journal_title：Japanese journal of infectious diseases
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.7883/yoken.JJID.2019.063
更新日期：2020-03-24 00:00:00
abstract：:Suppression of viral replication is followed by increases in CD4+ lymphocytes, and this has been shown to result in decreased susceptibility to opportunists after initiation of highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART). However, clinical aggravations after the initiation of HAART have been thought to be due to the ...
journal_title：Japanese journal of infectious diseases
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：2008-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection is associated with a wide spectrum of clinical entities ranging from asymptomatic carriage to severe forms of chronic hepatitis. In Egypt, HCV infection has been shown to be highly prevalent. The aim of this study was to determine the frequency and significance of anti-HCV IgM in ...
journal_title：Japanese journal of infectious diseases
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1999-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In total, 11 asymptomatic carriers who underwent nasal or oropharyngeal swab tests for SARS-CoV-2 after being in close contact with patients who developed symptomatic 2019 coronavirus disease (COVID-19) were enrolled in this study. The chest multidetector computed tomography (CT) images of the enrolled patients were q...
journal_title：Japanese journal of infectious diseases
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.7883/yoken.JJID.2020.264
更新日期：2021-01-22 00:00:00
abstract：:Advances in serologic assays for tuberculosis (TB) have made serology an attractive surveillance tool. The sensitivity, specificity, and predictive value of these new assays have been well established. We employed an immunochromatographic serodiagnostic test for detecting antibodies (immunoglobulin [Ig] G, IgA, and Ig...
journal_title：Japanese journal of infectious diseases
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：2003-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Dengue is the most prevalent arboviral disease affecting humans, with tropical and subtropical regions having the highest risk of dengue virus infections. The clinical symptoms often range from mild fever to fever with hemorrhagic manifestations and shock. Since 2010, India has been witnessing a marked increase in the...
journal_title：Japanese journal of infectious diseases
pub_type： 历史文章,杂志文章
doi：10.7883/yoken.JJID.2017.087
更新日期：2017-11-22 00:00:00
abstract：:This study aimed to determine the levels of the macrolides-lincosamides-streptogramins B (MLS(B)) resistance phenotype of Staphylococcus aureus and coagulase-negative staphylococci (CNS) isolates from clinical samples. A total of 521 strains of staphylococci, comprising 230 S. aureus and 291 CNS isolates from various ...
journal_title：Japanese journal of infectious diseases
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：2005-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In this paper, we examine 2 case reports for different reptile-related Salmonella enterica subspecies enterica serotypes. In case 1, a 5-year-old boy presented with gastroenteritis caused by S. enterica subspecies enterica serovar Poona. The suspected source of infection was a turtle kept at the patient's home. In cas...
journal_title：Japanese journal of infectious diseases
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.7883/yoken.JJID.2014.490
更新日期：2015-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In the present study, we examined the prevalence of Providencia spp. strains among children with diarrhea in Japan. We developed a Providencia genus-specific polymerase chain reaction (PCR) method, and the specificity and sensitivity was evaluated to be 100% with various bacterial strains including 7 genera and 13 spe...
journal_title：Japanese journal of infectious diseases
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.7883/yoken.65.545
更新日期：2012-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:This study examined pathological changes in the lung tissues of young and aged mice infected with influenza virus. Young mice inoculated with influenza virus showed body weight loss at 4 days post-infection (dpi), meanwhile body weight decrease started from 9 dpi in the aged mice. We histopathologically examined th...
journal_title：Japanese journal of infectious diseases
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.7883/yoken.65.383
更新日期：2012-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:This study obtained information on the serotypes and molecular typing characteristics of Streptococcus pneumoniae strains causing invasive diseases in Turkey. Sixty-eight S. pneumoniae isolates causing invasive pneumococcal diseases were collected from different regions of Turkey from 2009 to 2011. The isolates were c...
journal_title：Japanese journal of infectious diseases
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.7883/yoken.JJID.2015.062
更新日期：2016-05-20 00:00:00
abstract：:During endemic infections, the sensitivity of diagnostic tests and rapid diagnosis of the respiratory tract pathogens is particularly important. Utilization of just one diagnostic technique, such as serological tests or polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-based detection methods, during outbreaks of lower respiratory trac...
journal_title：Japanese journal of infectious diseases
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：2007-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We report on a hospitalized patient with 2019 novel coronavirus disease whose fecal samples tested negative 22 days after respiratory samples tested negative, highlighting that the duration of viral shedding is longer than that previously expected. Current clinical examinations for treatment and discharge standards ar...
journal_title：Japanese journal of infectious diseases
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.7883/yoken.JJID.2020.265
更新日期：2021-01-22 00:00:00
abstract：:The aim of this study was to evaluate the incidence and morbidities of Chlamydia trachomatis infections in newborn infants. Tissue culture and direct immunofluorescence (DIF) tests were used to detect the presence of nasopharyngeal C. trachomatis infection in 35 preterm and 21 healthy term neonates. All infants wer...
journal_title：Japanese journal of infectious diseases
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：2012-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Vibrio vulnificus is a Gram-negative bacterium which is associated with severe infections in humans. We experienced two cases of sucrose-fermenting V. vulnificus infection. The causative agents in both cases were unidentifiable by conventional identification systems because of their unique characteristics, and sequenc...
journal_title：Japanese journal of infectious diseases
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：2006-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In this study, we compared the predictive performances of quick sequential organ failure assessment (qSOFA), the acute physiology and chronic health evaluation (APACHE II) scores, and the severity grading score (SGS) for evaluation of the disease prognosis of patients with Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever (CCHF) at the...
journal_title：Japanese journal of infectious diseases
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.7883/yoken.JJID.2019.507
更新日期：2020-09-24 00:00:00
abstract：:We experienced a case of congenital rubella syndrome (CRS) due to infection after maternal antibody conversion with vaccine. The mother was immunized with rubella vaccine at 14 years of age, and was confirmed as having rubella-specific hemagglutination inhibition (HI) antibody at the 1:16 level both at ages 26 and 30 ...
journal_title：Japanese journal of infectious diseases
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：2003-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISAs) are considered the gold standard for the detection of various immunological reactions and can be used for the detection of infectious diseases during outbreaks or in the care of individual patients. To be useful in the timely implementation of prevention and control measures...
journal_title：Japanese journal of infectious diseases
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.7883/yoken.JJID.2015.417
更新日期：2016-09-21 00:00:00
abstract：:Human papillomavirus (HPV)-associated disease is common among men with HPV infection. A quadrivalent HPV (qHPV) vaccine has demonstrated 85.9% efficacy against HPV6/11/16/18-related, persistent (≥ 6 month) infection in a study of Japanese men aged 16-26 years old. Here, we report the results of an open-label study of ...
journal_title：Japanese journal of infectious diseases
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.7883/yoken.JJID.2018.448
更新日期：2019-09-19 00:00:00
abstract：:We investigated a diarrhea outbreak in 2 universities to identify the etiological agent responsible, the source of infection, the mode of transmission, and the risk factors. A case-controlled study was conducted using case students and asymptomatic control students who were selected randomly and frequency-matched acco...
journal_title：Japanese journal of infectious diseases
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.7883/yoken.JJID.2014.235
更新日期：2015-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever virus (CCHFV), a member of the genus Nairovirus of the family Bunyaviridae, causes a severe disease in humans with high mortality rates. In Turkey, the number of patients with CCHF has increased since 2002. Here, we aimed to treat CCHF patients with CCHFV hyperimmunoglobulin. We prepare...
journal_title：Japanese journal of infectious diseases
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：2011-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Human parechovirus (HPeV) infections in Yokohama City, Japan, were surveyed from 2000 to 2016. The sequence of the VP1 region of HPeVs was used to construct a phylogenetic tree and to reveal the putative amino acid (aa) sequences. Phylogenetic analysis showed the presence of 3 genotypes in Yokohama City: HPeV1 (25 spe...
journal_title：Japanese journal of infectious diseases
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.7883/yoken.JJID.2017.490
更新日期：2018-07-24 00:00:00
abstract：:Autoantibodies to myeloperoxidase (MPO) are associated with small vessel systemic vasculitis. Interactions of these autoantibodies with MPO target antigen, Fcgamma receptors and Beta2 integrins at the neutrophil surface, can set in train a sequence of intracellular signal transduction events that culminate with functi...
journal_title：Japanese journal of infectious diseases
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：2004-10-01 00:00:00
