Abstract:
:Asthma is a heterogeneous inflammatory disease. Most patients respond to current standard of care, i.e., bronchodilators, inhaled glucocorticosteroids and other anti-inflammatory drugs, but in some adequate asthma control cannot be achieved with standard treatments. These difficult-to-treat patients would be the target population for new biological therapies. At present, omalizumab is the only biological agent approved for the treatment of early-onset, severe IgE-dependent asthma. It is safe, effective, and well tolerated. Also, discovery of asthma subtypes suggests new treatments. Half of patients with severe asthma have T-helper type 2 (Th-2) inflammation and they are expected to benefit from monoclonal antibody-based treatments. The efficacy of the investigational monoclonal antibody mepolizumab which targets IL-5 has been well documented in late onset non-atopic asthma with persistent eosinophilic airway inflammation. Anti-IL-4 and IL-13 agents (dupilumab, lebrikizumab, and tralokinumab) which block different Th-2 inflammatory pathways and agents targeting the Th-17 inflammatory pathway in severe refractory asthma are under development. In clinical trials, these drugs reduce disease activity and improve lung function, asthma symptoms, and quality of life. However, studies on larger groups of patients are needed to confirm their safety and efficacy.
journal_name
Adv Exp Med Bioljournal_title
Advances in experimental medicine and biologyauthors
Rubinsztajn R,Chazan Rdoi
10.1007/5584_2016_29subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2016-01-01 00:00:00pages
35-42eissn
0065-2598issn
2214-8019journal_volume
935pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract::Ground roll waves traveling across the seabed provide extra information, their direction of rotation, compared with plane waves in fluids or solids. Idealized Rayleigh waves are "retrograde" in that their horizontal particle motion opposes the direction of travel of the wave when the interface is raised. A single poin...
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