A 16-year experience of carotid artery stenting for carotid artery stenosis.

Abstract:

AIM:We report our experience of carotid artery stenting (CAS) for the endovascular treatment of significant carotid stenosis over 16 years. MATERIALS AND METHODS:Data of all consecutive patients who came for a significant carotid artery stenosis from January 1st 1999 to August 31st 2015 were retrospectively collected and analyzed. Primary outcomes were the occurrence of death and major cerebrovascular events (MCE) both at 30-day and at long-term. RESULTS:In our experience CAS was a safe and effective technique, with acceptable mortality and neurological complication rates, both at 30 days and in the long term. KEY WORDS:Carotid stenting, Carotid stenosis, Long-term follow-up. :Da più di 50 anni l’endoarteriectomia carotidea (CEA) è stata considerata il trattamento standard per le stenosi carotidee gravi asintomatiche e sintomatiche. Lo stenting carotideo (CAS) è progressivamente emerso negli ultimi 15 anni come alternativa alla chirurgia, specialmente nei pazienti ad alto rischio. Da allora, molti studi clinici randomizzati sono stati pubblicati per valutare la superiorità di un metodo rispetto all’altro, tuttavia i risultati dei trials hanno generato più dubbi che certezze nell’interpretazione dei loro risultati, gravati come sono da diverse limitazioni: la principale riguarda la ridotta competenza endovascolare richiesta per gli operatori che hanno eseguito lo stenting carotideo e partecipato ai trials. Inoltre questi trials sono stati eseguiti circa 10 anni fa, con materiali e farmaci differenti rispetto a quelli usati attualmente. Attualmente i registri su larga scala e le casistiche che riportano risultati a lungo termine sono maggiormente rappresentativi di una esperienza reale, che riflette ciò che accade di routine nella pratica clinica. Nella nostra Unità Operativa di Chirurgia Vascolare, il CAS è stato offerto dal 1999 come alternativa alla CEA per il trattamento delle stenosi carotidee sintomatiche e asintomatiche nei pazienti a rischio moderato-alto. Scopo del nostro lavoro è di riportare la nostra esperienza retrospettiva, con alcuni consigli e suggerimenti che derivano da ciò che abbiamo imparato in più di 16 anni. Abbiamo pertanto raccolto e analizzato retrospettivamente i dati di tutti i pazienti consecutivi che sono venuti per una stenosi carotidea significativa dal 1 ° gennaio 1999 al 31 agosto 2015. I risultati basilari sono stati la mortalità e la morbilità cerebrovascolare maggiore (MCE) sia a 30 giorni che a lungo termine. Lo studio è stato condotto su 1017 pazienti (677 maschi, 66.6%, età media 74 anni, IQR 69-79 anni) trattati sia per stenosi carotidea sintomatica (n=392, 38.5%) che asintomatica. Il successo tecnico è stato raggiunto nel 99% delle procedure. A 30 giorni abbiamo osservato 3 decessi (0.3%) e 12 MCE (1.2%, 7 dei quali minor stroke e 5 stroke maggiori). A 5 e 10 anni, la sopravvivenza è stata rispettivamente dell’86.3%±1.5% e del 73.5%±2.3%, significativamente influenzata dall’età (P=.04), dalla sintomatologia neurologica preoperatoria (P=.04) e da una durata della procedura maggiore di 60 minuti (P =.0017). La libertà da ictus è stata del 97.1%±0.8% a 5 anni e del 91.2%±1.9% a 10 anni rispettivamente per i pazienti asintomatici, e del 95.7%±1.9% a 5 anni e dell’81.7%±5% a 10 anni rispettivamente per i pazienti sintomatici (P=.008). Il verificarsi di MCE è stato significativamente influenzato dalla sintomatologia neurologica preoperatoria (P=.01) e da una durata della procedura maggiore di 60 minuti (P <.001). Nella nostra esperienza il CAS è risultato sicuro ed efficace, con tassi di mortalità e di complicanze neurologiche accettabili, sia a 30 giorni che a lungo termine.

journal_name

Ann Ital Chir

authors

Nano G,Stegher S,Occhiuto MT,Muzzarelli L,Malacrida G,Mazzaccaro DP

subject

Has Abstract

pub_date

2016-01-01 00:00:00

pages

502-508

eissn

0003-469X

issn

2239-253X

pii

S0003469X16026233

journal_volume

87

pub_type

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