Endorectal ultrasonography performance in staging rectal cancer before and after neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy.

Abstract:

AIM:To evaluate accuracy of endorectal ultrasonography (ERUS) both in staging and restaging rectal cancer after neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy treatment. METHODS:In a group of 80 patients with rectal cancer, we retrospectively selected 67 patients and divided in two groups: 41 patients affected by a stage I were investigated with a single preoperative endorectal sonography; 26 patients with locally advanced rectal cancer (stage II or more) were restaged after neoadjuvant treatment, which consisted of 5,040 cGy in 28 daily fractions associated with continuous infusion of 5-Fluorouracil. All patients underwent surgery and ERUS findings were subsequently compared with histological findings. RESULTS:Diagnostic accuracy of ERUS in the first group of patients was high: in fact T-staging was accurate in 85% of cases. Results in the second group were significantly less accurate, with a correct T-staging just for 47% of cases. Nodes involvement was correctly evaluated in 86% of cases for the first group and in 63% of cases for the second one. CONCLUSIONS:Endorectal sonography is a valid staging modality for early rectal malignancy. Advanced cancer is treated with neoadjuvant preoperative chemoradiotherapy which is associated with better outcome than postoperative treatment. We found endorectal sonography, based on the layer model of rectal wall, often fails restaging and we think we have to develop new criteria for a correct preoperative assessment after neoadjuvant chemoradiation. KEY WORDS:Endorectal ultrasonography, Neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy, Rectal cancer, Staging. SCOPO:Valutare l’accuratezza dell’ecografia transrettale (TRUS) sia nella stadiazione del cancro del retto che nella restadiazione in seguito a radiochemioterapia neoadiuvante. METODI:In un gruppo di 80 pazienti affetti da cancro del retto, abbiamo retrospettivamente selezionato 67 pazienti e li abbiamo divisi in due gruppi: 41 patients con un cancro al I stadio sono stati studiati con una singola ecografia transrettale preoperatoria; 26 pazienti con cancro del retto localmente avanzato (stadio II o maggiore) sono stati restadiati in seguito a trattamento radiochemioterapico neoadiuvante, che consisteva di 5.040 cGy in 28 frazioni giornaliere associate ad infusione continua di 5-Fluorouracile. Tutti i pazienti sono stati sottoposti ad intervento chirurgico e i risultati della TRUS sono stati comparati con quelli istologici. RISULTATI:L’accuratezza diagnostica dell’ERUS nel primo gruppo di pazienti che non ha ricevuto trattamenti neoadiuvanti era alta: infatti, la stadiazione T era accurata nell’85% dei casi. I risultati nel secondo gruppo erano significativamente meno accurati, con una stadiazione T corretta solo nel 47% dei casi. Il coinvolgimento linfonodale è stato valutato correttamente nell’86% dei casi per il primo gruppo e nel 63% dei casi per il secondo. CONCLUSIONI:L’ecografia endorettale ha dimostrato di essere una valida metodica per la stadiazione di neoplasie rettali in fase iniziale. Il miglior trattamento per i tumori più avanzati prevede la radio chemioterapia neoadiuvante, poiché è stato dimostrato che è associata con risultati migliori rispetto alle terapie adiuvanti postoperatorie. Abbiamo rilevato che con l’ecografia endorettale basata sul modello a strati della parete sono comuni gli errori di sovrastadiazione e riteniamo che sia necessario sviluppare nuovi criteri per migliorare l’accuratezza della valutazione preoperatoria dopo trattamento neoadiuvante radiochemioterapico.

journal_name

Ann Ital Chir

authors

Panzironi G,Guerrieri D,De Cristofaro F,Bangrazi C,Di Paola C,Jafari L,Fiore F,Masoni L

subject

Has Abstract

pub_date

2014-11-01 00:00:00

pages

569-75

issue

6

eissn

0003-469X

issn

2239-253X

pii

S0003469X14019794

journal_volume

85

pub_type

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