The role of radiotherapy in the carotid stenosis.

Abstract:

OBJECTIVE:Cervical radiation for head and neck cancer has been associated with an increased incidence of carotid arterial stenosis. Modern radiation therapy delivers higher doses with increasing long-term survival. In our study 50 patients with head and neck malignancies treated with radiotherapy are analized with colour Doppler ultrasonographic scanning of the carotid arteries. These patients were compared with a population of asymptomatic historical controls (40) These findings suggest that radiation has an adverse effect on large vessels. Colour Doppler follow-up may be indicated for patients receiving head and neck radiation therapy. METHODS:50-70 Gy is the local dose that all patients received. during a period of about 8 weeks. The ecodoppler scan of carotid arteries was performed in all patients with estimation of Common and internal carotid artery's intimal medial thickness (IMT). Stenosis grade were divided into low (0-30%), moderate (31-49 %) and severe (= >50%). In add we considered ematochimics and flogosys parameters. Patients recruited from a hospital Radiation-oncology-surgery department from April 2007 to September 2011, 90 consecutive head and neck cancer patients were enrolled in this study. 50 of these patients had previously undergone RT (RT group) and 40 had no RT (control group). All patients were screened with bilateral carotid arterial duplex ultrasonography. We defined disease as "normal or mild" if the carotid stenosis was <50%, and "significant" if >50%. The relationship between standard demographic risk factors and screening outcomes was then analyzed. RESULTS:We found that severe carotid stenosis (= >50% ) was higher (41%) in patients who underwent to radiotherapy than in control group. The Eco Doppler examination demonstrated that the most affected site was Internal Carotid Arthery 's fork . There were no differences in age or gender between the two groups. The RT group had a significantly higher plaque score than the non-irradiated group. Bilateral plaque score was significantly correlated with age, hyperlipidemia, and RT. This analysis showed that in RT patients > 50 years old, age was inversely correlated with plaque score; however, in RT patients 50%). In aggiunta abbiamo considerato parametri ematochimici e di flogosi. I pazienti sono stati reclutati da un Dipartimento ospedaliero di radiaterapia, oncologia e chirurgia dal mese di aprile 2007 a settembre 2011. Sono stati arruolati in questo studio 90 pazienti con cancro di testa e collo. Di questi pazienti, 50 erano stati precedentemente sottoposti a RT (gruppo RT) e 40 senza RT (gruppo di controllo). Tutti i pazienti sono stati sottoposti a screening con Ecografia Doppler delle Arterie Carotidee bilateralmente. Abbiamo definito la malattia come “normale o lieve” se la stenosi carotidea è stata <50%, e “significativa“, se> 50%. La relazione tra i fattori di rischio demografici e gli esiti di screening è stata poi analizzata. RISULTATI:Abbiamo trovato che la stenosi carotidea grave (=>50%) è stata superiore (41%) nei pazienti sottoposti a radioterapia rispetto al gruppo di controllo. L’esame Eco Doppler ha dimostrato che il luogo più colpito è la biforcazione della Arteria Carotide Interna . Non ci sono state differenze di età o di genere tra i due gruppi. Il gruppo RT aveva un Punteggio di Placca significativamente più alto rispetto al gruppo non irradiato. Punteggio di Placca bilaterale è risultato significativamente correlato con l’età, iperlipidemia, e RT. Questa analisi ha mostrato che nei pazienti con RT> 50 anni, l’età è risultata inversamente correlata con il Punteggio di Placca, tuttavia, nei pazienti RT con età minore o uguale a 41 anni, l’età era positivamente correlata con il Punteggio di Placca. CONCLUSIONI:Le evidenze nella letteratura su questo argomento sono poche e simili alla nostra. Moritz et all hanno trovato una grave stenosi carotidea nel 30% dei pazienti irradiati e del 5,6% nel gruppo di controllo. Lam ha trovato una stenosi carotidea nel 78,9% dei pazienti irradiati e del 21,6% nel gruppo di controllo. Si può concludere che la radioterapia è in grado di indurre lesioni aterosclerotiche solo nei siti inclusi nel campo di radiazione.Dovrebbe essere importante effettuare una Ecografia color-Doppler delle arterie Carotidee pre e post radioterapia carotidea nei pazienti in procinto di sottoporsi a radioterapia della testa e del collo. La prevalenza della malattia arteriosa carotidea in pazienti con precedente radioterapia cervicale è clinicamente significativa e garantisce lo screening aggressivo come parte della routine e del trattamento pre e post radiazione. Lo screening mirato di questa popolazione ad alto rischio può essere efficace e medicalmente vantaggioso in termini di modificazione dei fattori di rischio e prevenzione dell’ictus.

journal_name

Ann Ital Chir

authors

Simonetti G,Pampana E,Di Poce I,Orsini A,Pugliese F,Izzo S,Basso L,Nicolanti V,Al Mansour M,Di Cello P,Izzo L

subject

Has Abstract

pub_date

2014-11-01 00:00:00

pages

533-6

issue

6

eissn

0003-469X

issn

2239-253X

pii

S0003469X14021022

journal_volume

85

pub_type

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