Oncoplastic breast-conserving surgery in breast cancer treatment Systematic review of the literature.

Abstract:

BACKGROUND:Oncoplastic breast-conserving surgery (OPBS) is a rapidly emerging field. Various oncoplastic techniques have been proposed and are increasingly adopted to facilitate breast conservation and preserve breast aesthetics. This systematic review seeks to assess the oncological and cosmetic outcomes of OPBS. MATERIALS AND METHODS:A systematic review of the literature was conducted using specific inclusion and exclusion criteria, for articles published up to July 31th, 2015. Relevant studies were identified using computerized bibliographic searches of MEDLINE database. The keywords that were used in various combinations were: "Oncoplastic surgery", "oncological results", "cosmetic results", "cosmesis", "immediate reconstruction" and "breast conserving surgery". RESULTS:A total of 106 articles were identified for potential inclusion and reviewed in detail. No randomized controlled trials were identified. This study was initially designed to identify and review after a strict selection process, published articles with the highest level of evidence on OPBS. Systematic reviews and metanalyses were not included in this systematic review for methodological reasons. Ten prospective studies fulfilled strict inclusion criteria and were included. Local relapse using OPBS did not exceed 7%. Tumor free margins were retrieved in 86% of cases. Good cosmetic results were obtained in 86% of patients. Most studies showed significant weaknesses, including absence of robust design and methodological limitations, influencing negatively generalizability. CONCLUSIONS:This systematic review proves that current evidence supporting efficacy of OPBS in based on poorly designed and underpowered studies. Further studies and particularly RCTs, are required to assess oncological safety and cosmetic results of OPBS, reporting evidence on long-term oncological results, cosmetic outcomes and survival rates of patients treated with this technique. KEY WORDS:Oncoplastic surgery, Oncological results, Cosmetic results, Cosmesis, Immediate reconstruction, Breast conserving surgery. :Il trattamento chirurgico del carcinoma della mammella ha subito profondi cambiamenti negli ultimi anni. Vari studi hanno dimostrato l’equivalenza in termini di risultati oncologici tra mastectomia e chirurgia conservativa della mammella seguita da radioterapia. La chirurgia conservativa della mammella offre nella maggior parte dei casi risultati favorevoli dal un punto di vista estetico. Ciononostante, in un 10-30% dei casi, i risultati estetici sono deludenti. In questi casi, la chirurgia oncoplastica della mammella che coniuga tecniche di chirurgia oncologica con quelle proprie della chirurgia plastica ha permesso di superare il conflitto tra estensione della resezione tumorale e risultato estetico finale. Varie tecniche di chirurgia oncoplastica sono state proposte e sono sempre più adottate per facilitare la conservazione e preservare l’estetica della mammella. Questa revisione sistematica si propone di valutare i risultati oncologici e cosmetici di chirurgia oncoplastica conservativa conservativa della mammella. Questo lavoro è stata condotto usando dei criteri ben definiti di inclusione ed esclusione, per gli articoli pubblicati fino al 31 luglio 2015. Un totale di 106 articoli sono stati identificati per potenziale inclusione ed esaminati in dettaglio. Dopo una selezione adeguata, 11 articoli hanno formato la base di questo lavoro. Questo studio è stato inizialmente progettato per identificare e poi revisionare dopo un processo di selezione rigoroso, gli articoli pubblicati con il più alto livello di evidenza su chirurgia oncoplastica della mammella. Revisioni sistematiche e metanalisi, non sono stati inclusi per ragioni metodologiche. I risultati di questo lavoro dimostrano che le ricadute locali adoperando la chirurgia oncoplastica non superano il 7%. Margini liberi sono stati recuperati nel 86% dei casi. Buoni risultati cosmetici sono stati ottenuti in 86% dei casi. Ciononostante, si deve riferire che la maggior parte degli studi pubblicati hanno mostrato delle debolezze significative, tra cui l’assenza di un disegno robusto e limiti metodologici, che influenzano negativamente la generalizzabilità dei risultati. Le attuali evidenze a sostegno dell’efficacia di chirurgia oncoplastica si basano su studi mal progettati e etodologicamente indeboliti. Ulteriori studi e in particolare studi randomizzati controllati, sono tenuti a valutare la sicurezza oncologica e i risultati estetici di chirurgia oncoplastica della mammella, riportando elementi sui risultati oncologici a lungo termine, i risultati estetici e tassi di sopravvivenza delle pazienti trattate con questa tecnica.

journal_name

Ann Ital Chir

authors

Papanikolaou IG

subject

Has Abstract

pub_date

2016-01-01 00:00:00

pages

199-208

eissn

0003-469X

issn

2239-253X

pii

S0003469X16024635

journal_volume

87

pub_type

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