Abstract：
:The Gram-negative bacterium Helicobacter pylori is predominantly known for its tight association with peptic ulcer disease and gastric cancer development. However, recent epidemiological and experimental evidence suggests that chronic infection with H. pylori may at the same time be beneficial to the host by conferring protection against gastroesophageal diseases, asthma, other allergic disease manifestations and inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD). In this chapter, we summarize the epidemiological data that are available to date to support or refute a possible inverse correlation of H. pylori infection with various extragastric diseases. We further examine and discuss the experimental evidence, generated mostly in mouse models of allergic diseases and IBD, showing that these disorders fail to develop in the presence of H. pylori. The proposed mechanisms of the protective effects of H. pylori, which appear to involve the induction of regulatory T-cells (Tregs) with highly suppressive activity, are presented and explained.
journal_name
Curr Top Microbiol Immunoljournal_title
Current topics in microbiology and immunologyauthors
Kyburz A,Müller Adoi
10.1007/978-3-319-50520-6_14subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2017-01-01 00:00:00pages
325-347eissn
0070-217Xissn
2196-9965journal_volume
400pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract：:The infectious cycle of Borrelia burgdorferi necessitates persistent infection of both vertebrates and ticks, and efficient means of transmission between those two very different types of hosts. The Lyme disease spirochete has evolved mechanisms to sense its location in the infectious cycle, and use that information t...
journal_title：Current topics in microbiology and immunology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/82_2017_49
更新日期：2018-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In view of the recent studies on the CDCs, a reasonable schematic of the stages leading to membrane insertion of the CDCs can be assembled. As shown in Fig. 3, we propose that the CDC first binds to the membrane as a monomer. These monomers then diffuse laterally on the membrane surface to encounter other monomers or ...
journal_title：Current topics in microbiology and immunology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/978-3-642-56508-3_2
更新日期：2001-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Leptospires are spirochetes that may be free-living saprophytes found in freshwater or may cause acute or chronic infection of animals. The family Leptospiraceae comprises three genera: Leptospira Leptospira Leptonema Leptonema, and Turneriella Turneriella. Within the genus Leptospira, three clades can be distinguishe...
journal_title：Current topics in microbiology and immunology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/978-3-662-45059-8_2
更新日期：2015-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The activation and expansion of T cells in an antimicrobial immune response is based on the ability of T cell receptors (TCR) to discriminate between MHC-bound peptides derived from different microbial agents as well as self-proteins. However, the specificity of T cells is constrained by the limited number of peptide ...
journal_title：Current topics in microbiology and immunology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/3-540-30791-5_2
更新日期：2005-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Yersinia entercolitica and Yersinia pseudotuberculosis are human foodborne pathogens that interact extensively with tissues of the gut and the host's immune system to cause disease. As part of their pathogenic strategies, the Yersinia have evolved numerous ways to invade host tissues, gain essential nutrients, and eva...
journal_title：Current topics in microbiology and immunology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/978-3-642-01846-6_3
更新日期：2009-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:This review will focus on the principal clinical and pathophysiological features of the anaemia of falciparum malaria, including the problems of treating malarial anaemia, and also will suggest how recent advances in genomics may help our understanding of cellular and molecular mechanisms underlying this syndrome. ...
journal_title：Current topics in microbiology and immunology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/3-540-29088-5_6
更新日期：2005-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The application of fundamental concepts about the packaging of the adenovirus genome has contributed significantly to the development of therapeutic viral vectors for gene therapy. The packaging of adenovirus DNA into virus particles requires a cis-acting domain at the left end of the genome. This region contains a se...
journal_title：Current topics in microbiology and immunology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/978-3-662-05597-7_6
更新日期：2003-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Imprinting is the uniparental expression of a set of genes. Somatic cells carry two haploid sets of chromosomes, one maternal and one paternal, while germ cells contain only one of the two forms of chromosomes, male or female. This implies that during early embryogenesis the cells committed for developing the future g...
journal_title：Current topics in microbiology and immunology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/3-540-31390-7_8
更新日期：2006-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The "humanized mouse" is a mouse harboring functioning human tissues used as in vivo human models for both physiological and pathological conditions. The NOD/Shi-scid IL2rgamma(null) (NOG) mouse, an excellent immunodeficient mouse used as the basis for the humanized mouse, requires strict genetic and environmental con...
journal_title：Current topics in microbiology and immunology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/978-3-540-75647-7_1
更新日期：2008-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Phosphoinositide 3-kinases (PI 3-kinases) are activated by growth factor and hormone receptors, and regulate cell growth, survival, motility, and responses to changes in nutritional conditions (Engelman et al. 2006). PI 3-kinases have been classified according to their subunit composition and their substrate specifici...
journal_title：Current topics in microbiology and immunology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/82_2010_52
更新日期：2010-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Protein synthesis requires nutrients both as precursors (amino acids) and as a source of energy, since this process consumes a high proportion of cellular metabolic energy. Recent work has shown that both types of nutrients directly influence the activities of components of the translational machinery in mammalian cel...
journal_title：Current topics in microbiology and immunology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/978-3-642-18930-2_13
更新日期：2004-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is a member of the Paramyxoviridae family that consists of viruses with nonsegmented negative-strand RNA genome. Infection by these viruses triggers the innate antiviral response of the host, mainly type I interferon (IFN). Essentially all other viruses of this family produce IFN supp...
journal_title：Current topics in microbiology and immunology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/978-3-642-38919-1_9
更新日期：2013-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Glucans are characteristic and major constituents of fungal cell walls. Depending on the species, different glucan polysaccharides can be found. These differ in the linkage of the D-glucose monomers which can be either in α- or β-conformation and form 1,3, 1,4 or 1,6 O-glycosidic bonds. The linkages and polymer length...
journal_title：Current topics in microbiology and immunology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/82_2020_200
更新日期：2020-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Cell-based therapies with various lymphocytes and antigen-presenting cells are promising approaches for cancer immunotherapy. The transfusion of T lymphocytes, also called adoptive cell therapy (ACT), is an effective treatment for viral infections, has induced regression of cancer in early stage clinical trials, and m...
journal_title：Current topics in microbiology and immunology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/82_2010_94
更新日期：2011-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Recent advances in inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) as applied in mass cytometry, enabled its broad applicability to life science research. Mass cytometry enables the high-dimensional characterization of cellular systems by simultaneously measuring dozens of metal isotope reporter labeled antibodi...
journal_title：Current topics in microbiology and immunology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/82_2013_335
更新日期：2014-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The accumulation of protein aggregates has a fundamental role in the patophysiology of distinct neurodegenerative diseases. This phenomenon may have a common origin, where disruption of intracellular mechanisms related to protein homeostasis (here termed proteostasis) control during aging may result in abnormal protei...
journal_title：Current topics in microbiology and immunology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/82_2017_52
更新日期：2018-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Specific T cell responses to a variety of self and microbial lipids depend on proper assembly and intracellular trafficking of CD 1 molecules that intersect with and load processed lipid antigens. These pathways involve unique membrane trafficking and chaperones that are distinct from those utilized for major histocom...
journal_title：Current topics in microbiology and immunology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/978-3-540-69511-0_6
更新日期：2007-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Legionella is a gram-negative bacterium and the causative pathogen of legionellosis-a severe pneumonia in humans. A large number of Legionella effectors interfere with numerous host cell functions, including intracellular vacuole trafficking and maturation, phospholipid metabolism, protein ubiquitination, pro-/anti-ap...
journal_title：Current topics in microbiology and immunology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/82_2013_338
更新日期：2013-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Single-cell technologies like mass cytometry enable researchers to comprehensively monitor signaling network responses in the context of heterogeneous cell populations. Cell-to-cell variability, the possibly nonlinear topology of signaling processes, and the destructive nature of mass cytometry necessitate nontrivial ...
journal_title：Current topics in microbiology and immunology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/82_2013_350
更新日期：2014-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:HAM/TSP is a chronic inflammatory disease of the spinal cord. It is rather rare in HTLV-1-infected individuals. Immunogenetic factors of the HLA complex have been identified that support or prevent the development of the disease. In HAM/TSP patients a characteristic constellation of high proviral loads and increased c...
journal_title：Current topics in microbiology and immunology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/978-3-662-09525-6_10
更新日期：2002-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:As the largest RNA virus, coronavirus replication employs complex mechanisms and involves various viral and cellular proteins. The first open reading frame of the coronavirus genome encodes a large polyprotein, which is processed into a number of viral proteins required for viral replication directly or indirectly. Th...
journal_title：Current topics in microbiology and immunology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/3-540-26765-4_4
更新日期：2005-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Enzootic nasal adenocarcinoma is a contagious tumour of the mucosal nasal glands affecting young adult sheep or goats. The disease occurs naturally in all continents except Australia and New Zealand. Clinical signs include continuous nasal discharge, respiratory distress, exophthalmos and skull deformations. The tumou...
journal_title：Current topics in microbiology and immunology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/978-3-642-55638-8_8
更新日期：2003-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Japanese encephalitis (JE) is one of the most well studied arthropod zoonotic diseases with human and animal research and their integration spanning 6-7 decades. JE research and policy in some Asian countries has epitomized the 'One Health' strategy of attainment of optimal health for people, animals, and the environm...
journal_title：Current topics in microbiology and immunology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/82_2012_243
更新日期：2013-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Most eukaryotic messenger RNAs are transcribed as precursors that necessitate specific and exact processing of intron boundaries. Furthermore, the choice of these boundaries appears to be fluid and adaptive to the rate of transcription and the developmental and physiological state of the cell. A central regulator of s...
journal_title：Current topics in microbiology and immunology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/978-3-540-76776-3_7
更新日期：2008-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Autoimmune gastritis (AIG) is an experimental model that closely resembles human autoimmune gastritis, the underlying pathology of pernicious anemia. Pathogenic CD4+ T cells are reactive to the parietal cell autoantigen, H/K ATPase, and are controlled by CD4+CD25+ T cells in an immunosuppressive cytokine-independent m...
journal_title：Current topics in microbiology and immunology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/3-540-27702-1_8
更新日期：2005-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:An account is given of the experiences and events which led to a search being undertaken for a causative virus in the recently described Burkitt's lymphoma and of the steps which ultimately culminated in the discovery of the new human herpesvirus which came to be known as Epstein-Barr virus (EBV). ...
journal_title：Current topics in microbiology and immunology
pub_type： 历史文章,杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/978-3-319-22822-8_1
更新日期：2015-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Myeloid differentiation factor 88 (MyD88) is an adaptor molecule composed of an N-terminal death domain and a C-terminal Toll/interleukin (IL)-1R homology domain. Ligand binding to Toll-like receptor (TLR)/IL-1R family members results in the association of MyD88 to the cytoplasmic tail of receptors; this then initiate...
journal_title：Current topics in microbiology and immunology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/978-3-642-59430-4_10
更新日期：2002-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Picornavirus 5' NCRs contain IRES elements that have been divided into two groups, exemplified by PV (type 1) and EMCV (type 2). These elements are functionally related and have an intriguing level of structural and sequence similarity. Some conserved RNA sequences and/or structures may correspond to cis-acting elemen...
journal_title：Current topics in microbiology and immunology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/978-3-642-79663-0_2
更新日期：1995-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Evolution of Ig V gene segments are generally characterized by (a) evolution by "the birth and death process" and (b) diversifying selection. However, the detailed evolutionary pattern of V gene segments varies among species due to the fact that the humoral immune system itself has changed during vertebrate evolution....
journal_title：Current topics in microbiology and immunology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/978-3-642-59674-2_10
更新日期：2000-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:By now, it is well established that the error rate of the RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp) that replicates RNA virus genomes is a primary driver of the mutation frequencies observed in RNA virus populations-the basis for the RNA quasispecies. Over the last 10 years, a considerable amount of work has uncovered the m...
journal_title：Current topics in microbiology and immunology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/82_2015_483
更新日期：2016-01-01 00:00:00
