Abstract：
:Rapamycin is an immunosuppressive metabolite produced from several actinomycete species. Besides its immunosuppressive activity, rapamycin and its analogs have additional therapeutic potentials, including antifungal, antitumor, neuroprotective/neuroregenerative, and lifespan extension activities. The core structure of rapamycin is derived from (4R,5R)-4,5-dihydrocyclohex-1-ene-carboxylic acid that is extended by polyketide synthase. The resulting linear polyketide chain is cyclized by incorporating pipecolate and further decorated by post-PKS modification enzymes. Herein, we review the discovery and biological activities of rapamycin as well as its mechanism of action, mechanistic target, biosynthesis, and regulation. In addition, we introduce the many efforts directed at enhancing the production of rapamycin and generating diverse analogs and also explore future perspectives in rapamycin research. This review will also emphasize the remarkable pilot studies on the biosynthesis and production improvement of rapamycin by Dr. Demain, one of the world's distinguished scientists in industrial microbiology and biotechnology.
journal_name
J Ind Microbiol Biotechnoljournal_title
Journal of industrial microbiology & biotechnologyauthors
Yoo YJ,Kim H,Park SR,Yoon YJdoi
10.1007/s10295-016-1834-7subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2017-05-01 00:00:00pages
537-553issue
4-5eissn
1367-5435issn
1476-5535pii
10.1007/s10295-016-1834-7journal_volume
44pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract：:A strain of Bacillus subtilis was examined for antifungal activity against phytopathogenic and wood-surface contaminant fungi. The bacterium was grown in five culture media with different incubation times in order to study cell development, sporulation, and the production of metabolites with antifungal activity. The a...
journal_title：Journal of industrial microbiology & biotechnology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s10295-004-0133-x
更新日期：2004-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Huperzine A (HupA), a naturally occurring lycopodium alkaloid, is a potent, highly specific and reversible inhibitor of acetylcholinesterase and is a potential treatment for Alzheimer's disease. However, isolating HupA from Huperziaceae plants is inefficient; thus, extracting this compound from endophytic fungi may be...
journal_title：Journal of industrial microbiology & biotechnology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s10295-014-1461-0
更新日期：2014-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Liquid phase oxidation process using chelated iron solution is among the most promising techniques for the hydrogen sulfide removal due to its double advantage of waste minimization and resource recovery. Regeneration of chelated iron is a core reaction in this process. Regeneration of chelated iron in acidic solution...
journal_title：Journal of industrial microbiology & biotechnology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s10295-014-1510-8
更新日期：2014-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The effect of pH, aeration and mixing on the growth and production of carbonyl reductase by Candida viswanathii was investigated in a 6.6-l fermentor. Controlling the pH at 8.0 had a very significant effect on the enzyme production. Aeration and agitation influenced the dissolved oxygen concentration which in turn aff...
journal_title：Journal of industrial microbiology & biotechnology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s10295-007-0280-y
更新日期：2008-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Nitrogen deprivation (N-deprivation) is a proven strategy for inducing triacylglyceride accumulation in microalgae. However, its effect on the physical properties of cells and subsequently on product recovery processes is relatively unknown. In this study, the effect of N-deprivation on the cell size, cell wall thickn...
journal_title：Journal of industrial microbiology & biotechnology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s10295-016-1848-1
更新日期：2016-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Genomic analysis of the clavulanic acid (CA)-high-producing Streptomyces clavuligerus strains, OL13 and OR, developed through random mutagenesis revealed a frameshift mutation in the cas1 gene-encoding clavaminate synthase 1. Overexpression of the intact cas1 in S. clavuligerus OR enhanced the CA titer by approximatel...
journal_title：Journal of industrial microbiology & biotechnology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s10295-019-02196-0
更新日期：2019-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Development of natural products for therapeutic use is often hindered by limited availability of material from producing organisms. The speed at which current technologies enable the cloning, sequencing, and manipulation of secondary metabolite genes for production of novel compounds has made it impractical to optimiz...
journal_title：Journal of industrial microbiology & biotechnology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s10295-003-0045-1
更新日期：2003-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:As a part of our ongoing efforts towards finding novel antimycotic agents from marine microflora of the Red Sea, vanillin, 5,7-dimethoxy-4-p-methoxylphenylcoumarin and the new antimycotic compound saadamycin were isolated from endophytic Streptomyces sp. Hedaya48. The producing strain was isolated from the Egyptian sp...
journal_title：Journal of industrial microbiology & biotechnology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s10295-010-0729-2
更新日期：2010-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A total of 179 non-spore-forming bacteria aerobically growing on Nutrient Agar, Plate Count Agar or in specific enrichment conditions for salmonella, campylobacteria, listeria, yersinia or staphylococci, were isolated from 16 untreated paper mill pulps. After phenotypical screening the isolates were characterised by a...
journal_title：Journal of industrial microbiology & biotechnology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s10295-008-0472-0
更新日期：2009-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Solar salterns can be modeled as giant outdoor chemostats, much like a series of dams on a slow-moving river. Microorganisms and their products play an essential, but sometimes uncharacterized, role in salt production in these ponds, from seawater salinity up through NaCl saturation. They may physically affect the eva...
journal_title：Journal of industrial microbiology & biotechnology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/sj/jim/7000173
更新日期：2002-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A gene encoding halohydrin dehalogenase (HHDH) from Agrobacterium tumefaciens CCTCC M 87071 was cloned and expressed in Escherichia coli. To increase activity and stability of HHDH, 14 amino acid residues around the active site and substrate-binding pocket based on the structural analysis and molecular docking were se...
journal_title：Journal of industrial microbiology & biotechnology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s10295-014-1443-2
更新日期：2014-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Crude glycerol obtained as a by-product of biodiesel production is a reliable feedstock with the potential to be converted into reduced chemicals with high yields. It has been previously shown that ethanol is the primary product of glycerol fermentation by Escherichia coli. However, few efforts were made to enhance th...
journal_title：Journal of industrial microbiology & biotechnology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s10295-016-1818-7
更新日期：2016-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Diesel fuel is one of the most important sources of hydrocarbon contamination worldwide. Its composition consists of a complex mixture of n-alkanes, branched alkanes and aromatic compounds. Hydrocarbon degradation in Pseudomonas species has been mostly studied under aerobic conditions; however, a dynamic spectrum of o...
journal_title：Journal of industrial microbiology & biotechnology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s10295-017-1987-z
更新日期：2018-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In this study, the M13 primer was used to distinguish Geotrichum candidum from the anamorphic and teleomorphic forms of other arthrospore-forming species (discriminatory power = 0.99). For intraspecific characterization, the GATA4 primer showed the highest level of discrimination for G. candidum among the 20 microsate...
journal_title：Journal of industrial microbiology & biotechnology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s10295-006-0130-3
更新日期：2006-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In this study, we constructed a coculture consortium comprising engineered Pseudomonas putida KT2440 and Escherichia coli MG1655. Provision of "related" carbon sources and synthesis of medium-chain-length polyhydroxyalkanoates (mcl-PHAs) were separately assigned to these strains via a modular construction strategy. To...
journal_title：Journal of industrial microbiology & biotechnology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s10295-020-02267-7
更新日期：2020-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A novel lipolytic enzyme was isolated from a metagenomic library after demonstration of lipolytic activity on an LB agar plate containing 1% (w/v) tributyrin. A novel esterase gene (estIM1), encoding a lipolytic enzyme (EstIM1), was cloned using a shotgun method from a pFosEstIM1 clone of the metagenomic library, and ...
journal_title：Journal of industrial microbiology & biotechnology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s10295-011-1080-y
更新日期：2012-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Contamination of Lactobacillus sp. in the fermentation broth of bioethanol production decreases ethanol production efficiency. Although the addition of lactate to the broth can effectively inhibit the growth of Lactobacillus sp., it also greatly reduces the fermentation ability of Saccharomyces cerevisiae. To overcome...
journal_title：Journal of industrial microbiology & biotechnology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s10295-008-0390-1
更新日期：2008-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The genome of streptomycetes has the ability to produce many novel and potentially useful bioactive compounds, but most of which are not produced under standard laboratory cultivation conditions and are referred to as silent/cryptic secondary metabolites. Streptomyces lavendulae FRI-5 produces several types of bioacti...
journal_title：Journal of industrial microbiology & biotechnology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s10295-017-1997-x
更新日期：2018-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Genome editing is essential for probing genotype-phenotype relationships and for enhancing chemical production and phenotypic robustness in industrial bacteria. Currently, the most popular tools for genome editing couple recombineering with DNA cleavage by the CRISPR nuclease Cas9 from Streptococcus pyogenes. Although...
journal_title：Journal of industrial microbiology & biotechnology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/s10295-019-02195-1
更新日期：2019-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A superoxide dismutase (SOD) gene was cloned from the thermophilic bacterium Rhodothermus sp. XMH10 for the first time and highly expressed in Escherichia coli. The Rhodothermus sp. XMH10 SOD (RhSOD) gene encodes 209 amino acids with a putative molecular weight of 23.6 kDa and a pI value of 5.53. The recombinant RhSOD...
journal_title：Journal of industrial microbiology & biotechnology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s10295-007-0274-9
更新日期：2008-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Experiments based on a 2(3) central composite full factorial design were carried out in 200-ml stainless-steel containers to study the pretreatment, with dilute sulfuric acid, of a sugarcane bagasse sample obtained from a local sugar-alcohol mill. The independent variables selected for study were temperature, varied f...
journal_title：Journal of industrial microbiology & biotechnology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s10295-010-0931-2
更新日期：2011-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Carotenoids represent a group of valuable molecules for the pharmaceutical, chemical, food and feed industries, not only because they can act as vitamin A precursors, but also for their coloring, antioxidant and possible tumor-inhibiting activity. Animals cannot synthesize carotenoids, and these pigments must therefor...
journal_title：Journal of industrial microbiology & biotechnology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/s10295-008-0492-9
更新日期：2009-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Several indigenous Saccharomyces strains from musts were isolated in the Jerez de la Frontera region, at the end of spontaneous fermentation, in order to select the most suitable autochthonous yeast starter, during the 2007 vintage. Five strains were chosen for their oenological abilities and fermentative kinetics to ...
journal_title：Journal of industrial microbiology & biotechnology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s10295-013-1251-0
更新日期：2013-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The present study deals with the production of citric acid from a ram horn peptone (RHP) by Aspergillus niger NRRL 330. A medium from RHP and a control medium (CM) were compared for citric acid production using A. niger in a batch culture. For this purpose, first, RHP was produced. Ram horns were hydrolyzed by treatme...
journal_title：Journal of industrial microbiology & biotechnology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s10295-004-0147-4
更新日期：2004-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Rapid fluorescence techniques were evaluated for the detection of bacterial contaminants in papermaking chemicals including starch and the resin-based sizes and starch slurries used in the paper industry. Viable and non-viable bacterial cells were visualised by fluorescent probes and detected by epifluorescence micros...
journal_title：Journal of industrial microbiology & biotechnology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s10295-003-0046-0
更新日期：2003-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A spectrofluorometric assay was developed for quantification of bacterial biofilms grown on a microtiter plate. The method involved staining biofilms formed by gram-negative and gram-positive bacteria with wheat germ agglutinin-Alexa Fluor 488 conjugate, which selectively binds to N-acetylglucosamine residues in biofi...
journal_title：Journal of industrial microbiology & biotechnology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s10295-006-0086-3
更新日期：2007-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The tylE-J region of the tylosin-biosynthetic gene cluster of Streptomyces fradiae contains six open reading frames. The products of tylJ and tylD are nucleoside diphospho (NDP)-deoxyhexose 3-epimerase and NDP-deoxyhexose 4-ketoreductase, respectively, involved in the synthesis of NDP-6-deoxyallose from NDP-4-keto, 6-...
journal_title：Journal of industrial microbiology & biotechnology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/sj.jim.2900707
更新日期：1999-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Robust microorganisms are necessary for economical bioethanol production. However, such organisms must be able to effectively ferment both hexose and pentose sugars present in lignocellulosic hydrolysate to ethanol. Wild type Saccharomyces cerevisiae can rapidly ferment hexose, but cannot ferment pentose sugars. Consi...
journal_title：Journal of industrial microbiology & biotechnology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s10295-010-0806-6
更新日期：2011-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Efficient production of sesquiterpenes in Saccharomyces cerevisiae requires a high flux through the mevalonate pathway. To achieve this, the supply of acetyl-CoA plays a crucial role, partially because nine moles of acetyl-CoA are necessary to produce one mole of farnesyl diphosphate, but also to overcome the thermody...
journal_title：Journal of industrial microbiology & biotechnology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s10295-017-1911-6
更新日期：2017-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Cellulomonas flavigena KU produces large quantities of an insoluble exopolysaccharide (EPS) under certain growth conditions. The EPS has previously been shown to be a glucose polymer and to have solubility properties similar to curdlan, a beta-1,3-D-glucan produced by Alcaligenes faecalis var. myxogenes 10C3K. Further...
journal_title：Journal of industrial microbiology & biotechnology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/sj.jim.7000277
更新日期：2002-10-01 00:00:00
