A geospatial evaluation of timely access to surgical care in seven countries.

Abstract:

OBJECTIVE:To assess the consistent availability of basic surgical resources at selected facilities in seven countries. METHODS:In 2010-2014, we used a situational analysis tool to collect data at district and regional hospitals in Bangladesh (n = 14), the Plurinational State of Bolivia (n = 18), Ethiopia (n = 19), Guatemala (n = 20), the Lao People's Democratic Republic (n = 12), Liberia (n = 12) and Rwanda (n = 25). Hospital sites were selected by pragmatic sampling. Data were geocoded and then analysed using an online data visualization platform. Each hospital's catchment population was defined as the people who could reach the hospital via a vehicle trip of no more than two hours. A hospital was only considered to show consistent availability of basic surgical resources if clean water, electricity, essential medications including intravenous fluids and at least one anaesthetic, analgesic and antibiotic, a functional pulse oximeter, a functional sterilizer, oxygen and providers accredited to perform surgery and anaesthesia were always available. FINDINGS:Only 41 (34.2%) of the 120 study hospitals met the criteria for the provision of consistent basic surgical services. The combined catchments of the study hospitals in each study country varied between 3.3 million people in Liberia and 151.3 million people in Bangladesh. However, the combined catchments of the study hospitals in each study country that met the criteria for the provision of consistent basic surgical services were substantially smaller and varied between 1.3 million in Liberia and 79.2 million in Bangladesh. CONCLUSION:Many study facilities were deficient in the basic infrastructure necessary for providing basic surgical care on a consistent basis. OBJECTIF:Évaluer la disponibilité constante des ressources chirurgicales de base dans certains établissements de sept pays. MÉTHODES:En 2010–2014, nous avons utilisé un outil d'analyse de situation pour recueillir des données dans des hôpitaux régionaux et de district au Bangladesh (n = 14), dans l'État plurinational de Bolivie (n = 18), en Éthiopie (n = 19), au Guatemala (n = 20), au Liberia (n = 12), dans la République démocratique populaire lao (n = 12) et au Rwanda (n = 25). Les sites ont été sélectionnés par échantillonnage pragmatique. Les données ont été géocodées puis analysées à l'aide d'une plate-forme de visualisation des données en ligne. La population desservie par chaque hôpital a été définie comme celle pouvant s'y rendre à bord d'un véhicule en deux heures maximum. Nous avons considéré qu'un hôpital disposait en permanence des ressources chirurgicales de base si celui-ci avait toujours à disposition de l'eau claire, de l'électricité, des médicaments essentiels, notamment des solutions intraveineuses, et au moins un anesthésique, un analgésique, un antibiotique, un oxymètre de pouls fonctionnel, un stérilisateur fonctionnel, de l'oxygène et des prestataires accrédités pour effectuer des interventions chirurgicales et des anesthésies. RÉSULTATS:Seuls 41 (34,2%) des 120 hôpitaux analysés remplissaient les critères définissant une offre constante de services chirurgicaux de base. La population totale desservie par les hôpitaux analysés dans chaque pays allait de 3,3 millions de personnes au Liberia à 151,3 millions de personnes au Bangladesh. Cependant, la population totale desservie par les hôpitaux analysés dans chaque pays et qui remplissaient les critères définissant une offre constante de services chirurgicaux de base était nettement inférieure, allant de 1,3 millions de personnes au Liberia à 79,2 millions de personnes au Bangladesh. CONCLUSION:De nombreux établissements analysés n'avaient pas les infrastructures élémentaires nécessaires pour offrir de façon constante des soins chirurgicaux de base. OBJETIVO:Evaluar la disponibilidad coherente de recursos quirúrgicos básicos en centros seleccionados de siete países. MÉTODOS:En 2010–2014, se utilizó una herramienta de análisis situacional para recopilar datos en hospitales de distrito y regionales de Bangladesh (n = 14), el Estado Plurinacional de Bolivia (n = 18), Etiopía (n = 19), Guatemala (n = 20), la República Democrática Popular Lao (n = 12), Liberia (n = 12) y Rwanda (n = 25). Los hospitales se seleccionaron según un muestreo pragmático. Los datos se geocodificaron y posteriormente se analizaron utilizando una plataforma de visualización de datos en línea. La población beneficiaria de cada hospital se definió como aquellas personas que podían llegar al hospital con un viaje en vehículo de dos horas como máximo. Solo se consideraba que un hospital mostraba una disponibilidad coherente de recursos quirúrgicos básicos si contaba en todo momento con agua potable, electricidad, medicamentos esenciales, incluidos fluidos intravenosos y, al menos, un anestésico, un analgésico y un antibiótico, un oxímetro de pulso funcional, un esterilizador funcional, oxígeno y proveedores acreditados para realizar cirugía y administrar anestesia. RESULTADOS:Únicamente 41 (34,2%) de los 120 hospitales del estudio cumplieron con los requisitos de suministro constante de servicios quirúrgicos básicos. Los beneficiarios combinados de los hospitales del estudio en cada país de estudio oscilaron entre 3,3 millones de personas en Liberia y 151,3 millones de personas en Bangladesh. Sin embargo, los beneficiarios combinados de los hospitales del estudio en cada país de estudio que cumplieron los criterios de suministro constante de servicios quirúrgicos básicos fueron mucho menores y oscilaron entre 1,3 millones en Liberia y 79,2 millones en Bangladesh. CONCLUSIÓN:Muchos de los centros del estudio carecían de la infraestructura básica necesaria para suministrar atención quirúrgica básica de forma coherente. :الغرض تقييم التوافر المستمر للموارد الجراحية الأساسية في المرافق المحددة في سبع دول. الطريقة في الفترة الممتدة ما بين عاميّ 2010 وحتى 2014، استخدمنا أداة تحليل ظرفية لجمع البيانات في المستشفيات الواقعة في الأحياء والمناطق في بنغلاديش (عدد = 14 )، ودولة بوليفيا متعددة القوميات (عدد = 18 )، وإثيوبيا (عدد = 19 )، وغواتيمالا (عدد = 20 )، وجمهورية لاو الديمقراطية الشعبية (عدد = 12 )، وليبيريا (عدد = 12 )، ورواندا (عدد = 25 ). تم تحديد مواقع المستشفيات باستخدام أسلوب أخذ العينات البراغماتي. وتم تشفير البيانات جغرافيًا ثم تحليلها باستخدام منصة للعرض للبصري للبيانات على الإنترنت. وقد تم تحديد كل فئة سكانية خاضعة للتغطية الخدمية للمستشفى حسب الأشخاص الذين يمكنهم الوصول إلى المستشفى من خلال رحلة بالمركبة لا تتعدى ساعتين. وتم اعتبار أن المستشفى لا تقدم التوافر المستمر للموارد الجراحية الأساسية إلا في حال التوفر الدائم للماء النظيف، والكهرباء، والأدوية الأساسية بما في ذلك السوائل الوريدية ومخدر واحد على الأقل، والمضاد الحيوي، ومسكن الألم، وجهاز عامل لقياس النبض، وجهاز عامل للتعقيم، والأكسجين، وأفراد الطاقم الطبي المعتمدين لإجراء العملية الجراحية والتخدير. النتائج لم تنجح سوى 41 مستشفى (‏34.2‏%) من أصل 120 مستشفى خضعت الدراسة في استيفاء معايير توفير الخدمات الجراحية الأساسية المستمرة. اختلفت مناطق التغطية الخدمية المجمعة للمستشفيات المشمولة في الدراسة في كل دولة خضعت للدراسة بين 3.3 مليون شخص في ليبريا و151.3 مليون شخص في بنغلاديش. ولكن التجمعات المشتركة للمستشفيات الخاضعة للدراسة في كل دولة خضعت للدراسة ممن وافقت معايير تقديم الخدمات الجراحية الأساسية المستمرة كانت أصغر بصورة ملحوظة وتراوحت بين 1.3 مليون في ليبيريا و79.2 مليون في بنغلاديش. الاستنتاج أظهرت العديد من المرافق الخاضعة للدراسة قصورًا في البنية التحتية الأساسية اللازمة لتوفير الرعاية الجراحية الأساسية بشكلٍ مستمر. 目的:旨在评估七个国家选定机构持续提供基本外科资源的能力。. 方法:在 2010 年到 2014 年期间,我们使用情景分析工具收集了埃塞俄比亚 (n = 19)、多民族玻利维亚国 (n = 18)、老挝人民民主共和国 (n = 12)、利比里亚 (n = 12)、卢旺达 (n = 25)、孟加拉国 (n = 14) 以及危地马拉 (n = 20) 的地方和地区医疗机构的数据。我们通过务实的抽样方法选择医疗机构。然后使用一个在线数据可视化平台对数据进行地理编码和分析。我们将每家医院的服务范围人口定义为到达医院车程不超过 2 小时的人口。具有持续提供基本外科资源能力的医院被视为必须能够提供清洁用水、电力、必要的药物(包括静脉注射以及至少一种麻醉剂、止痛剂和抗生素)、功能齐全脉搏血氧计和灭菌剂、氧气以及执业外科手术医生和麻醉人员。. 结果:在调查的 120 家医院中,仅 41 (34.2%) 家医院满足标准,能够提供持续的基本外科服务。每个调查国家对象医院的综合服务范围人口在 330 万(利比里亚)和 15,130 万(孟加拉国)之间变动。但是,符合提供持续基本外科服务的调查国家对象医院的综合服务范围人口显著更小,在 130 万(利比里亚)和 7,920 万(孟加拉国)之间变动。. 结论:许多研究医疗机构在持续提供基本外科护理必要的基本设施方面存在不足。. Цель:Оценить постоянную доступность основных хирургических ресурсов в отдельных медицинских учреждениях в семи странах. Методы:В 2010–2014 годах мы использовали инструмент ситуационного анализа для сбора данных в районных и областных больницах в Бангладеш (n = 14), Боливии (Многонациональное государство) (n = 18), Гватемале (n = 20), Лаосской Народно-Демократической Республике (n = 12), Либерии (n = 12), Руанде (n = 25) и Эфиопии (n = 19). Участки больниц были выбраны в условиях реальной клинической практики. Данные были геокодированы, а затем проанализированы с помощью онлайн-платформы визуализации данных. Популяция, обслуживаемая в каждой больнице, была определена как количество людей, которые могли бы добраться до больницы на автомобиле в течение не более двух часов. Больница рассматривалась только на предмет постоянной доступности основных хирургических ресурсов, т. е. были ли постоянно доступны чистая вода, электричество, необходимые лекарства, включая препараты для внутривенного введения и по меньшей мере один анестетик, анальгетик и антибиотик, функциональный пульсоксиметр, функциональный стерилизатор, кислород и медицинские работники, аккредитованные для проведения хирургических операций и анестезии. Результаты:Только 41 (34,2%) из 120 больниц, участвовавших в исследовании, отвечала критериям предоставления постоянных базовых хирургических услуг. Совокупные популяции, обслуживаемые исследуемыми больницами в каждой исследуемой стране, варьировались между 3,3 млн человек в Либерии и 151,3 млн человек в Бангладеш. Тем не менее совокупные популяции, обслуживаемые исследуемыми больницами в каждой исследуемой стране, которые соответствовали критериям предоставления постоянных базовых хирургических услуг, были существенно меньше и варьировались между 1,3 млн человек в Либерии и 79,2 млн человек в Бангладеш. Вывод:Многие из исследуемых медицинских учреждений испытывали недостаток в базовой инфраструктуре, необходимой для обеспечения базовой хирургической помощи на постоянной основе.

authors

Knowlton LM,Banguti P,Chackungal S,Chanthasiri T,Chao TE,Dahn B,Derbew M,Dhar D,Esquivel MM,Evans F,Hendel S,LeBrun DG,Notrica M,Saavedra-Pozo I,Shockley R,Uribe-Leitz T,Vannavong B,McQueen KA,Spain DA,Weiser TG

doi

10.2471/BLT.16.175885

subject

Has Abstract

pub_date

2017-06-01 00:00:00

pages

437-444

issue

6

eissn

0042-9686

issn

1564-0604

pii

BLT.16.175885

journal_volume

95

pub_type

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    更新日期:2013-01-01 00:00:00

  • Neutralizing and haemagglutination-inhibiting antibodies to yellow fever 17 years after vaccination with 17D vaccine.

    abstract::The duration of immunity conferred by yellow fever vaccine is as yet undetermined. In this study the neutralizing and haemagglutination-inhibiting antibodies to yellow fever were investigated in 108 persons living in Pouso Alegre, Brazil, where yellow fever has never been reported. These persons had been vaccinated wi...

    journal_title:Bulletin of the World Health Organization

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:

    authors: GROOT H,RIBERIRO RB

    更新日期:1962-01-01 00:00:00

  • Genetic variability in populations of Aedes aegypti.

    abstract::Although Aëdes aegypti shows extensive physiological, bionomic and morphological variation in different populations, the genetic basis for this variation has never been determined. Genetic plasticity influences disease transmission, resistance to control measures, and breeding behaviour. Solutions to problems of publi...

    journal_title:Bulletin of the World Health Organization

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:

    authors: CRAIG GB Jr,VANDEHEY RC,HICKEY WA

    更新日期:1961-01-01 00:00:00

  • Paula Radcliffe: elite athlete and clean air advocate.

    abstract::Paula Radcliffe tells Gary Humphreys about her journey from athlete to clean air advocate and her hopes for a clean air initiative launched by the International Association of Athletics Federation. ...

    journal_title:Bulletin of the World Health Organization

    pub_type: 面试,新闻

    doi:10.2471/BLT.19.030319

    authors:

    更新日期:2019-03-01 00:00:00

  • Experimental studies on organomercury poisoning in chickens in Iraq.

    abstract::For 164 days mature chickens received a daily diet containing 40 g of wheat treated with organomercurial fungicide and 80 g of untreated diet. A control group received 120 g of normal diet daily. The experimental group was then split - half receiving the same diet for a further 155 days, by which time all had been kil...

    journal_title:Bulletin of the World Health Organization

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:

    authors: Al-Falluji N,Makkawi TA,Abou-el-azm IM,Sokkar IM,Darraji M

    更新日期:1976-01-01 00:00:00

  • Prevalence of diabetes and prediabetes and their risk factors among Bangladeshi adults: a nationwide survey.

    abstract:OBJECTIVE:To estimate the prevalence of diabetes and prediabetes in Bangladesh using national survey data and to identify risk factors. METHODS:Sociodemographic and anthropometric data and data on blood pressure and blood glucose levels were obtained for 7541 adults aged 35 years or more from the biomarker sample of t...

    journal_title:Bulletin of the World Health Organization

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.2471/BLT.13.128371

    authors: Akter S,Rahman MM,Abe SK,Sultana P

    更新日期:2014-03-01 00:00:00

  • Alcohol and alcohol-related harm in China: policy changes needed.

    abstract::In China, alcohol consumption is increasing faster than anywhere else in the world. A steady increase in alcohol production has also been observed in the country, together with a rise in alcohol-related harm. Despite these trends, China's policies on the sale and consumption of alcoholic beverages are weak compared wi...

    journal_title:Bulletin of the World Health Organization

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.2471/BLT.12.107318

    authors: Tang YL,Xiang XJ,Wang XY,Cubells JF,Babor TF,Hao W

    更新日期:2013-04-01 00:00:00

  • A 5-year study of patients with pulmonary tuberculosis in a concurrent comparison of home and sanatorium treatment for one year with isoniazid plus PAS.

    abstract::This report from the Tuberculosis Chemotherapy Centre, Madras, summarizes the progress over a 5-year period of 193 patients with newly diagnosed, sputum-positive pulmonary tuberculosis who were admitted to a concurrent comparison of home and sanatorium treatment for one year with isoniazid plus PAS. Previous reports h...

    journal_title:Bulletin of the World Health Organization

    pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验

    doi:

    authors: Dawson JJ,Devadatta S,Fox W,Radhakrishna S,Ramakrishnan CV,Somasundaram PR,Stott H,Tripathy SP,Velu S

    更新日期:1966-01-01 00:00:00

  • Mortality from neglected tropical diseases in Brazil, 2000-2011.

    abstract:OBJECTIVE:To describe mortality from neglected tropical diseases (NTDs) in Brazil, 2000-2011. METHODS:We extracted information on cause of death, age, sex, ethnicity and place of residence from the nationwide mortality information system at the Brazilian Ministry of Health. We selected deaths in which the underlying c...

    journal_title:Bulletin of the World Health Organization

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.2471/BLT.15.152363

    authors: Martins-Melo FR,Ramos AN Jr,Alencar CH,Heukelbach J

    更新日期:2016-02-01 00:00:00

  • Field attempt to assess the mating competitiveness of sterile males produced by crossing 2 member species of the Anopheles gambiae complex.

    abstract::In laboratory experiments sterile males produced by crossing member species of the Anopheles gambiae complex competed very successfully with normal males for normal females and the latter when mated with sterile males laid sterile eggs.A field trial was arranged in a small isolated village near Bobo-Dioulasso, Upper V...

    journal_title:Bulletin of the World Health Organization

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:

    authors: Davidson G,Odetoyinbo JA,Colussa B,Coz J

    更新日期:1970-01-01 00:00:00

  • A survey of antibodies to Adenovirus 8 and Coxsackievirus A21 in human sera.

    abstract::Studies have recently been published of surveys of antibodies to common respiratory viruses in human sera from several parts of the world. The present article reports the findings of a survey of antibodies to two more viruses (adenovirus type 8 and coxsackievirus type A21) in human sera mainly collected from six widel...

    journal_title:Bulletin of the World Health Organization

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:

    authors: Chapple PJ

    更新日期:1966-01-01 00:00:00