Abstract:
:The prevalence of obesity has increased worldwide over the past few decades. In 2013, the prevalence of obesity exceeded the 50% of the adult population in some countries from Oceania, North Africa, and Middle East. Lower but still alarmingly high prevalence was observed in North America (≈30%) and in Western Europe (≈20%). These figures are of serious concern because of the strong link between obesity and disease. In the present review, we summarize the current evidence on the relationship of obesity with cardiovascular disease (CVD), discussing how both the degree and the duration of obesity affect CVD. Although in the general population, obesity and, especially, severe obesity are consistently and strongly related with higher risk of CVD incidence and mortality, the one-size-fits-all approach should not be used with obesity. There are relevant factors largely affecting the CVD prognosis of obese individuals. In this context, we thoroughly discuss important concepts such as the fat-but-fit paradigm, the metabolically healthy but obese (MHO) phenotype and the obesity paradox in patients with CVD. About the MHO phenotype and its CVD prognosis, available data have provided mixed findings, what could be partially because of the adjustment or not for key confounders such as cardiorespiratory fitness, and to the lack of consensus on the MHO definition. In the present review, we propose a scientifically based harmonized definition of MHO, which will hopefully contribute to more comparable data in the future and a better understanding on the MHO subgroup and its CVD prognosis.
journal_name
Circ Resjournal_title
Circulation researchauthors
Ortega FB,Lavie CJ,Blair SNdoi
10.1161/CIRCRESAHA.115.306883subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2016-05-27 00:00:00pages
1752-70issue
11eissn
0009-7330issn
1524-4571pii
CIRCRESAHA.115.306883journal_volume
118pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract::Early afterdepolarizations (EADs) are a type of triggered activity found in heart muscle. We used voltage-clamped sheep cardiac Purkinje fibers to examine the mechanism underlying EADs induced near action potential plateau voltages with the Ca2+ current agonist Bay K 8644 and the effect of several interventions known ...
journal_title:Circulation research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1161/01.res.64.5.977
更新日期:1989-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Although peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARgamma) ligands have an antihypertensive effect in vivo, the precise mechanism has not been fully elucidated. We examined their effects on Rho/Rho kinase pathway, a key regulator of vascular tone. In cultured rat aortic smooth muscle cells (RASMC), Rho kina...
journal_title:Circulation research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1161/01.RES.0000142313.68389.92
更新日期:2004-09-03 00:00:00
abstract::The effects of Bay K 8644 on the high-threshold calcium channel was investigated by means of the whole-cell patch-clamp technique in single guinea pig ventricular myocytes. The goal of the experiments was to characterize the inhibitory effects of Bay K 8644 on the calcium channel, and identify the factors that influen...
journal_title:Circulation research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1161/01.res.62.1.97
更新日期:1988-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Although diabetes is recognized as a potent and prevalent risk factor for ischemic heart disease, less is known as to whether diabetes causes an altered cardiac phenotype independent of coronary atherosclerosis. Left ventricular systolic and diastolic dysfunction, left ventricular hypertrophy, and alterations in the c...
journal_title:Circulation research
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1161/01.RES.0000207406.94146.c2
更新日期:2006-03-17 00:00:00
abstract::RhoA and Rac1 regulate formation of stress fibers and intercellular junctions, thus modulating endothelial monolayer permeability. Posttranslational modifications of RhoA and Rac1 regulate enzyme activity and subcellular localization, resulting in altered cellular function. The role of RhoA and Rac1 carboxyl methylati...
journal_title:Circulation research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1161/01.RES.0000113923.85084.C1
更新日期:2004-02-20 00:00:00
abstract::Despite the absence of a systematic development plan, β-blockers have reached the top tier of medical therapies for chronic heart failure. The successful outcome was due to the many dedicated investigators who produced, over a 30-year period, increasing evidence that β-blocking agents should or actually did improve th...
journal_title:Circulation research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1161/CIRCRESAHA.111.245092
更新日期:2011-10-28 00:00:00
abstract:RATIONALE:Proteasomal degradation is altered in many disease phenotypes including cardiac hypertrophy, a prevalent condition leading to heart failure. Our recent investigations identified heterogeneous subpopulations of proteasome complexes in the heart and implicated multiple mechanisms for their regulation. OBJECTIV...
journal_title:Circulation research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1161/CIRCRESAHA.110.222364
更新日期:2010-10-29 00:00:00
abstract::This study investigated the possible roles of strongly binding myosin crossbridges in determining loaded shortening and power output in cardiac myocytes. Single skinned cardiac myocytes were attached between a force transducer and position motor, and shortening velocities were measured over a range of loads during var...
journal_title:Circulation research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1161/01.res.87.9.768
更新日期:2000-10-27 00:00:00
abstract::Pinocytotic vesicles are one of several anatomic factors relevant to the permeability for macromolecules of capillary endothelia. We quantitified the number and distribution of pinocytotic vesicles present in the endothelium of pulmonary capillaries. Several similar studies have been reported in the past for endotheli...
journal_title:Circulation research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1161/01.res.47.3.384
更新日期:1980-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::We tested the hypothesis that TNF-alpha induces early-onset endothelial adhesivity toward PMN by activating the constitutive endothelial cell surface ICAM-1, the beta2-integrin (CD11/CD18) counter-receptor. Stimulation of human pulmonary artery endothelial cells with TNF-alpha resulted in phosphorylation of ICAM-1 wit...
journal_title:Circulation research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1161/01.RES.0000072971.88704.CB
更新日期:2003-05-30 00:00:00
abstract::To test the hypothesis that the capacity to develop left ventricular (LV) hypertrophy might diminish with advancing age, we examined the hypertrophic response to ascending aortic constriction in 3 groups of adult Fischer 344 rats (9 months, 18 months, and 22 months of age). Aortic constriction was created so that aort...
journal_title:Circulation research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1161/01.res.61.3.337
更新日期:1987-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Phospholamban is a key regulatory protein that defines diastolic function. Proinflammatory cytokines interleukin-1 beta (IL-1 beta) and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) can depress contractility and intracellular Ca2+ currents and transients. An alteration in phospholamban expression is a possible pathway by wh...
journal_title:Circulation research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1161/01.res.81.4.493
更新日期:1997-10-01 00:00:00
abstract:RATIONALE:MicroRNA (miR)-1 and -133 play a crucial role in skeletal and cardiac muscle biology and pathophysiology. However, their expression and regulation in vascular cell physiology and disease is currently unknown. OBJECTIVE:The aim of the present study was to evaluate the role, if any, of miR-1 and miR-133 in vas...
journal_title:Circulation research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1161/CIRCRESAHA.111.240150
更新日期:2011-09-30 00:00:00
abstract:RATIONALE:Macrophages are essential regulators of atherosclerosis. They secrete cytokines, process lipoproteins and cholesterol, and take up apoptotic cells. Multiple subsets of plaque macrophages exist and their differential roles are emerging. OBJECTIVE:Here, we explore macrophage heterogeneity in atherosclerosis pl...
journal_title:Circulation research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1161/CIRCRESAHA.119.315175
更新日期:2019-12-06 00:00:00
abstract:RATIONALE:Mitochondria are key integrators of convergent intracellular signaling pathways. Two important second messengers modulated by mitochondria are calcium and reactive oxygen species. To date, coherent mechanisms describing mitochondrial integration of calcium and oxidative signaling in arterial smooth muscle are...
journal_title:Circulation research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1161/CIRCRESAHA.115.306996
更新日期:2015-12-04 00:00:00
abstract::We examined the role of endogenous NO in the autonomic regulation of atrioventricular (AV) nodal function by studying spontaneous action potentials (SAPs) and L-type Ca2+ current (ICa-L) in isolated single AV nodal cells from adult rabbit hearts. Both the perforated and the membrane-ruptured patch-clamp techniques in ...
journal_title:Circulation research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1161/01.res.78.6.998
更新日期:1996-06-01 00:00:00
abstract:RATIONALE:Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) constitute a novel class of noncoding RNAs that regulate gene expression. Although recent data suggest that lncRNAs may be associated with cardiac disease, little is known about lncRNAs in the setting of myocardial ischemia. OBJECTIVE:To measure lncRNAs in patients with myocardi...
journal_title:Circulation research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1161/CIRCRESAHA.115.303836
更新日期:2014-09-12 00:00:00
abstract::Nitroglycerin dilates large (greater than or equal to 100 microns) but not small coronary arterial microvessels, and a putative metabolite of nitroglycerin, S-nitroso-L-cysteine, has been shown in vitro to dilate both large and small coronary microvessels. Based on this evidence, we tested the hypothesis that the lack...
journal_title:Circulation research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1161/01.res.68.3.847
更新日期:1991-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Recovery of postischemic function may be limited by energy synthesis by mitochondria, energy transfer via the creatine kinase reaction, or energy utilization at myofibrils. To identify the limiting step, we defined the relations among oxygen consumption, creatine kinase reaction velocity and cardiac performance in myo...
journal_title:Circulation research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1161/01.res.63.1.1
更新日期:1988-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::To determine whether the vasoconstriction evoked by A1-adenosine receptor stimulation in the skin circulation caused the release of other substances or whether A1 stimulation modulated the vasoconstriction evoked by other compounds, a potent A1-selective, synthetic agonist, cyclohexyladenosine (CHA), was topically app...
journal_title:Circulation research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1161/01.res.68.3.683
更新日期:1991-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::This study was designed to determine if opioids were detectable in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and if these concentrations were altered by hemorrhagic hypotension. This study was further designed to determine the effects of topically administered opioids on pial arteriolar diameter during normotension and hypotension. C...
journal_title:Circulation research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1161/01.res.68.4.922
更新日期:1991-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::In pentobrabital-anesthetized open chest dogs, myocardial adenosine content is elevated by 5 or 15 seconds of left coronary artery occlusion and falls exponentially to control levels during reactive hyperemia. The rate constants for adenosine dissipation are (mean +/- SEM): -0.08 +/- 0.01 and -0.034 +/- 0.007 sec-1 af...
journal_title:Circulation research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1161/01.res.42.3.358
更新日期:1978-03-01 00:00:00
abstract:RATIONALE:Anti-inflammatory and vascular protective actions of adiponectin are well recognized. However, many fundamental questions remain unanswered. OBJECTIVE:The current study attempted to identify the adiponectin receptor subtype responsible for adiponectin's vascular protective action and investigate the role of ...
journal_title:Circulation research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1161/CIRCRESAHA.114.302439
更新日期:2014-02-28 00:00:00
abstract::We studied the mechanisms underlying the increase in automaticity induced by alpha 1-adrenergic stimulation of normal and "ischemic" canine Purkinje fibers. Fibers were superfused with a control Tyrode's solution, followed by an ischemic superfusate that included 10 mM KCl, 5 mM NaHCO3, Po2 of 10-25 mm Hg, and pH 6.7....
journal_title:Circulation research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1161/01.res.71.3.526
更新日期:1992-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::An affinity gel for the purification of renin was prepared by coupling pepstatin to aminohexylagarose gel. Partially purified human renin (Haas et al., Arch. Biochem. Biophys., 110, 534-543, 1965) was purified further by affinity chromatography on the pepstatin-aminohexyl-agarose gel, gel filtration on a Sephadex G-75...
journal_title:Circulation research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1161/01.res.41.4.4
更新日期:1977-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Mitochondria have long been known to play a critical role in maintaining the bioenergetic status of cells under physiological conditions. It was also recognized early in mitochondrial research that the reduction of oxygen to generate the free radical superoxide occurs at various sites in the respiratory chain and was ...
journal_title:Circulation research
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1161/01.RES.0000248212.86638.e9
更新日期:2006-10-27 00:00:00
abstract::We studied the influence of hypophysectomy on endothelial cell regrowth and intimal thickening following aortic endothelial removal. Modification of this influence by replacement doses of glucocorticoids, mineralocorticoids, thyroxin, and growth hormone also was investigated. Young adult male rats were used, and endot...
journal_title:Circulation research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1161/01.res.48.6.907
更新日期:1981-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Dystrophin has a key role in striated muscle mechanotransduction. In mice lacking the gene encoding for dystrophin (mdx mice), the absence of dystrophin and several other proteins of the dystrophin-glycoprotein complex induces a defect in flow (shear stress)-mediated NO-dependent dilation (FMD). Because the endotheliu...
journal_title:Circulation research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1161/01.res.0000047505.11002.81
更新日期:2002-12-13 00:00:00
abstract::Electrical responses induced by perivasascular nerve stimulation were recorded intracellularly from the smooth muscle of dog middle cerebral artery. With nerve stimulation, the muscle membrane produced excitatory junction potential and then a slow hyperpolarization. The excitatory junction potential showed facilitatio...
journal_title:Circulation research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1161/01.res.51.6.751
更新日期:1982-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Voltage-gated L-type Ca(2+) channels (LCCs) provide Ca(2+) ingress into cardiac myocytes and play a key role in intracellular Ca(2+) homeostasis and excitation-contraction coupling. We investigated the effects of a constitutive increase of LCC density on Ca(2+) signaling in ventricular myocytes from 4-month-old transg...
journal_title:Circulation research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1161/hh0202.103230
更新日期:2002-02-08 00:00:00