Abstract:
:Adnexal masses can have gynecologic or nongynecologic etiologies, ranging from normal luteal cysts to ovarian cancer to bowel abscesses. Women who report abdominal or pelvic pain, increased abdominal size or bloating, difficulty eating, or rapid satiety that occurs more than 12 times per month in less than a year should be evaluated for ovarian cancer. Pelvic examination has low sensitivity for detecting an adnexal mass; negative pelvic examination findings in a symptomatic woman should not deter further workup. Ectopic pregnancy must be ruled out in women of reproductive age. A cancer antigen 125 (CA 125) test may assist in the evaluation of an adnexal mass in appropriate patients. CA 125 levels are elevated in conditions other than ovarian cancer. Because substantial overlap in CA 125 levels between pre- and postmenopausal women may occur, this level alone is not recommended for differentiating between a benign and a malignant adnexal mass. Transvaginal ultrasonography is the first choice for imaging of an adnexal mass. Large mass size, complexity, projections, septation, irregularity, or bilaterality may indicate cancer. If disease is suspected outside of the ovary, computed tomography may be indicated; magnetic resonance imaging may better show malignant characteristics in the ovary. Serial ultrasonography and periodic measurement of CA 125 levels may help in differentiating between benign or potentially malignant adnexal masses. If an adnexal mass larger than 6 cm is found on ultrasonography, or if findings persist longer than 12 weeks, referral to a gynecologist or gynecologic oncologist is indicated.
journal_name
Am Fam Physicianjournal_title
American family physicianauthors
Biggs WS,Marks STsubject
Has Abstractpub_date
2016-04-15 00:00:00pages
676-81issue
8eissn
0002-838Xissn
1532-0650pii
d12445journal_volume
93pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract::Tension-type headache typically causes pain that radiates in a band-like fashion bilaterally from the forehead to the occiput. Pain often radiates to the neck muscles and is described as tightness, pressure, or dull ache. Migraine-type features (unilateral, throbbing pain, nausea, photophobia) are not present All pati...
journal_title:American family physician
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:
更新日期:2002-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::A herpes zoster infection in patients with lymphoma has been associated with subsequent metastatic disease involving the spinal cord and vertebrae of the affected dermatome segment. This correlation can be used in planning radiation therapy to avert neurologic complications secondary to spinal cord involvement. ...
journal_title:American family physician
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1980-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Postpartum hemorrhage is common and can occur in patients without risk factors for hemorrhage. Active management of the third stage of labor should be used routinely to reduce its incidence. Use of oxytocin after delivery of the anterior shoulder is the most important and effective component of this practice. Oxytocin...
journal_title:American family physician
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:2017-04-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:American family physician
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:
更新日期:1998-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::More than 100,000 children are born in the U.S. each year with major congenital defects or genetic disorders, with or without mental retardation. Advances in prenatal diagnosis have now made it possible to detect an increasing number of these disorders in utero. Carrier detection is advised prior to pregnancy, rather ...
journal_title:American family physician
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1977-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Bone loss coincides with the reduced physical activity of both sexes in later years, vigorously aggravated by age-associated hormonal changes in women and chronic inadequate intake of calcium. In the absence of preventive dietary measures, osteoporosis may become a major health problem for America's fastgrowing senior...
journal_title:American family physician
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1978-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Myasthenia gravis is a disorder that most commonly affects young adults but occasionally appears in the elderly. Muscle weakness and easy fatigability, particularly of the ocular muscles, are characteristic. Diagnosis is confirmed by electromyography and the edrophonium (Tensilon) test. The pathology results from inab...
journal_title:American family physician
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1978-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Federally funded health centers and the National Health Service Corps (NHSC) depend on family physicians (FPs) and general practitioners (GPs) to meet the needs of millions of medically underserved people. Policy makers and workforce planners should consider how changes in the production of FPs would affect these prog...
journal_title:American family physician
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:2005-07-15 00:00:00
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journal_title:American family physician
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1977-11-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:American family physician
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:
更新日期:2002-08-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:American family physician
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1984-09-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:American family physician
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doi:
更新日期:2006-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Zidovudine, the first widely used antiretroviral agent, prevents replication of the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) by inhibiting reverse transcriptase. Its use in patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome slows progression of the disease and prolongs survival. Zidovudine also significantly reduces the rate ...
journal_title:American family physician
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:
更新日期:1990-08-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:American family physician
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:
更新日期:2011-03-15 00:00:00
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journal_title:American family physician
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:2009-01-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:American family physician
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1979-07-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:American family physician
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:
更新日期:1995-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Rehabilitation of the multiple sclerosis patient must be individualized because of the varied manifestations and fluctuating course of the disease. The activity schedule must be modified to compensate for muscle weakness and fatigability. Spasticity and the preventable complication of joint contractures may be treated...
journal_title:American family physician
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
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journal_title:American family physician
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:
更新日期:2003-04-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:American family physician
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1975-02-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:American family physician
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1982-01-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:American family physician
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:
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journal_title:American family physician
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doi:
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journal_title:American family physician
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doi:
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journal_title:American family physician
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更新日期:2002-04-15 00:00:00
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journal_title:American family physician
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doi:
更新日期:1982-02-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:American family physician
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doi:
更新日期:1981-05-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:American family physician
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:
更新日期:1989-07-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:American family physician
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doi:
更新日期:1982-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Persons whose experienced or expressed gender differs from their sex assigned at birth may identify as transgender. Transgender and gender-diverse persons may have gender dysphoria (i.e., distress related to this incongruence) and often face substantial health care disparities and barriers to care. Gender identity is ...
journal_title:American family physician
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
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更新日期:2018-12-01 00:00:00