Abstract：
:Bone loss coincides with the reduced physical activity of both sexes in later years, vigorously aggravated by age-associated hormonal changes in women and chronic inadequate intake of calcium. In the absence of preventive dietary measures, osteoporosis may become a major health problem for America's fastgrowing senior female population. Bone loss and fracture risk may be minimized or reversed by a daily intake of approximately 1 Gm. of calcium derived from the diet or through supplements.
journal_name
Am Fam Physicianjournal_title
American family physicianauthors
Albanese AA,Lorenze EJ Jr,Wein EHsubject
Has Abstractpub_date
1978-10-01 00:00:00pages
160-7issue
4eissn
0002-838Xissn
1532-0650journal_volume
18pub_type
杂志文章abstract：:Constipation is a common childhood condition, estimated to occur in 5 to 10 percent of children. In most cases, the cause is functional. However, constipation may occasionally indicate a significant organic disorder, which can usually be determined by a thorough history and physical examination. Constipation that is p...
journal_title：American family physician
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1996-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Although VDRL and RPR tests are excellent screens for syphilis, false-positive reactions do occur. A positive VDRL or RPR test must be confirmed with an FTA-ABS test. Patients with positive serologic tests should have a thorough physical examination to determine the stage of syphilis. A patient with a low-titer VDRL o...
journal_title：American family physician
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：1988-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Despite an 80 to 90 percent success rate in removing common bile duct stones, this technique has yet to receive universal acceptance in the United States. Originally developed for retained or newly formed common bile duct stones in patients with previous cholecystectomy, the procedure is now also used to remove common...
journal_title：American family physician
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1981-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:This common fracture most frequently affects young males. In most cases, the fracture is found on initial examination. Occasionally, it is missed on the initial radiographic evaluation but becomes apparent on follow-up films. Although most scaphoid fractures respond to conservative therapy, some fail to heal. Nonunion...
journal_title：American family physician
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1984-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Some skin conditions, such as blistering diseases, guttate and pustular psoriasis, exfoliative erythroderma, reactive erythemas and acute contact dermatitis have an acute onset and require prompt intervention. Acute vesicular or weeping dermatoses are best treated with cool, wet compresses and topical lotions, whereas...
journal_title：American family physician
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1986-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Although the role of digoxin therapy has been the subject of debate, the drug is generally accepted as effective in the treatment of heart failure due to systolic dysfunction and as therapy for atrial fibrillation and supraventricular tachyarrhythmias. Serum digoxin concentrations are commonly used to gauge patient re...
journal_title：American family physician
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：1997-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Tricyclic antidepressants have anticholinergic, adrenolytic and quinidine-like activity. These actions result in a variety of cardiac and blood pressure effects. Tricyclic antidepressants can reverse the antihypertensive effect of guanethidine and clonidine. Orthostatic hypotension may be increased with diuretics and ...
journal_title：American family physician
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1979-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Headaches are common during childhood and become more common and increase in frequency during adolescence. The rational, cost-effective evaluation of children with headache begins with a careful history. The first step is to identify the temporal pattern of the headache--acute, acute-recurrent, chronic-progressive, ch...
journal_title：American family physician
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：2002-02-15 00:00:00
abstract：:Smell and taste disorders can be challenging to diagnose because of the large number of potential etiologies. Patients are often unable to provide a clear history of symptoms, because they frequently cannot distinguish between difficulties with smell and taste. Standardized questionnaires may be helpful in diagnosis. ...
journal_title：American family physician
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：2013-12-15 00:00:00
abstract：:Colorectal cancer is the third most common cancer in men and women. The incidence and mortality rate of the disease have been declining over the past two decades because of early detection and treatment. Screening in persons at average risk should begin at 50 years of age; the U.S. Preventive Services Task Force recom...
journal_title：American family physician
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：2015-01-15 00:00:00
abstract：:Effective management of life-threatening emergencies in infants and children demands a high level of technical skill. The Pediatric Advanced Life Support (PALS) provider course, developed jointly by the American Academy of Pediatrics and the American Heart Association, is highly recommended to help physicians prepare ...
journal_title：American family physician
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：1991-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Chronic tendon injuries present unique management challenges. The assumption that these injuries result from ongoing inflammation has caused physicians to rely on treatments demonstrated to be ineffective in the long term. Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs should be limited in the treatment of these injuries. Corti...
journal_title：American family physician
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：2013-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Although local anesthesia usually is used in surgical procedures, field or nerve blocks can provide more effective anesthesia in some situations. In a field block, local anesthetic is infiltrated around the border of the surgical field, leaving the operative area undisturbed. In field blocks, epinephrine may be added ...
journal_title：American family physician
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：2004-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Osteoporosis is the most common bone disorder in the United States. Bone mass is decreased, and porosity and fragility are increased. Dual-beam photon absorptiometry is currently considered the best detection technique. Prevention involves increased calcium intake and avoidance of diets high in protein and phosphates,...
journal_title：American family physician
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1985-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Wide complex tachycardias are cardiac rhythm disorders with three or more consecutive beats, rates exceeding 100 beats per minute and a QRS duration of 120 msec (0.12 second) or greater. The width of the QRS complex should be verified in a number of leads, since the QRS complex often appears mistakenly narrower (i.e.,...
journal_title：American family physician
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1996-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Acute bronchitis is a lower respiratory tract infection that causes reversible bronchial inflammation. In up to 95 percent of cases, the cause, is viral. While antibiotics are often prescribed for patients with acute bronchitis, little evidence shows that these agents provide significant symptomatic relief or shorten ...
journal_title：American family physician
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：1998-03-15 00:00:00
abstract：:Disposable soft contact lenses are an alternative to conventional extended-wear lenses and provide an acceptable margin of safety and convenience for the wearer. The lenses are worn for one to two weeks and then discarded. Buildup of tear film deposits is minimized, and the need for cleaning and disinfecting solutions...
journal_title：American family physician
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1991-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The Papanicolaou smear is a well-established component of preventive health protocols for women. The purpose of this screening tool is to detect precursor lesions of invasive cervical carcinoma; however, the natural progression of these lesions is unclear, and it currently is not possible to determine which of the man...
journal_title：American family physician
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：1995-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Finger fractures and dislocations are common injuries that are often managed by family physicians. A systematic physical examination is imperative to avoid complications and poor outcomes following these injuries. Radiography (commonly anteroposterior, true lateral, and oblique views) is required in the evaluation of ...
journal_title：American family physician
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：2012-04-15 00:00:00
abstract：:Primary dysmenorrhea is menstrual pain that is not associated with pelvis pathology. It usually begins with the onset of ovulatory cycles, characteristically appearing in the year after menarche and increasing with time. The pain is associated with increased myometrial activity. Oral contraceptives and prostaglandin s...
journal_title：American family physician
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1981-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Appropriate dosage of levothyroxine for the treatment of hypothyroidism is assessed by determining the serum thyroxine (T4) concentration in secondary and tertiary types. In primary hypothyroidism, the optimal thyroid replacement is that which induces a normal thyroid-stimulating hormone level and a normal TSH respons...
journal_title：American family physician
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1982-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The hallmark of agoraphobia is the spontaneous panic attack, a reaction of extreme fearfulness and impending doom with cardiorespiratory symptoms. The end result can be a patient who is housebound. The basic therapeutic principle is confrontation with the avoided object or activity. Controlled clinical experiments dem...
journal_title：American family physician
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1981-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Prompt defibrillation with lower energy levels (200 joules) initially is now recommended. Epinephrine is effective when instilled intratracheally and remains the treatment of choice for restoring cardiac rhythm. Enthusiasm for isoproterenol and calcium chloride has waned. Sodium bicarbonate and atropine are now used m...
journal_title：American family physician
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1984-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Most of the nearly 4 million births in the United States annually are normal spontaneous vaginal deliveries. In the first stage of labor, normal birth outcomes can be improved by encouraging the patient to walk and stay in upright positions, waiting until at least 6 cm dilation to diagnose active stage arrest, providi...
journal_title：American family physician
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：2015-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A biopsychosocial theory and approach to drug-seeking behavior suggests new questions for the family physician to ask his patient when psychotropic drugs are being considered. The theory and rational guidelines for prescribing allow the physician to make more appropriate decisions when faced with difficult situations....
journal_title：American family physician
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1979-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Healing by primary intention is a threefold process, consisting of an initial phase in which red and white blood cells bind the wound; epithelialization and fibroplasia, and a maturation phase involving collagen synthesis. The appearance of the wound reflects its maturation. Skillful wound management is based on biolo...
journal_title：American family physician
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1984-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Excessive sweating from the palms and soles, known as palmoplantar hyperhidrosis, affects both children and adults. Diagnosis of this potentially embarrassing and socially disabling condition is based on the patient's history and visible signs of sweating. The condition usually is idiopathic. Treatment remains a chall...
journal_title：American family physician
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：2004-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Patients with seasonal affective disorder have episodes of major depression that tend to recur during specific times of the year, usually in winter. Like major depression, seasonal affective disorder probably is underdiagnosed in primary care settings. Although several screening instruments are available, such screeni...
journal_title：American family physician
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：2006-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Coronary angioplasty is an accepted method of revascularization in selected patients with coronary artery disease. Immediately after a successful angioplasty, initial management concentrates on the detection and treatment of coronary artery spasm and acute vessel closure, should these complications occur. Once the pat...
journal_title：American family physician
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：1990-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Down syndrome (trisomy 21) is the most commonly recognized genetic cause of mental retardation. The risk of trisomy 21 is directly related to maternal age. All forms of prenatal testing for Down syndrome must be voluntary. A nondirective approach should be used when presenting patients with options for prenatal screen...
journal_title：American family physician
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：2000-08-15 00:00:00
