Abstract：
:Osteoporosis is the most common bone disorder in the United States. Bone mass is decreased, and porosity and fragility are increased. Dual-beam photon absorptiometry is currently considered the best detection technique. Prevention involves increased calcium intake and avoidance of diets high in protein and phosphates, excessive alcohol consumption and smoking. Estrogen therapy is recommended for most oophorectomized or postmenopausal women, at least for a few years. The addition of progestins to the regimen reduces the risk of endometrial cancer.
journal_name
Am Fam Physicianjournal_title
American family physicianauthors
Davies R,Saha Ssubject
Has Abstractpub_date
1985-11-01 00:00:00pages
107-14issue
5eissn
0002-838Xissn
1532-0650journal_volume
32pub_type
杂志文章abstract：:Bacteroides melaninogenicus and Bacteroides oralis are predominant anaerobes in orofacial infections and aspiration pneumonia. Fusobacterium species are common pathogens in aspiration pneumonia, brain abscesses and orofacial infections. Clostridium perfringens can cause bacteremia and wound infections. Clostridium bot...
journal_title：American family physician
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1986-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Ectopic pregnancy affects 1% to 2% of all pregnancies and is responsible for 9% of pregnancy-related deaths in the United States. When a pregnant patient presents with first-trimester bleeding or abdominal pain, physicians should consider ectopic pregnancy as a possible cause. The patient history, physical examination...
journal_title：American family physician
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：2014-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Bordetella pertussis is a highly contagious bacterium known to cause pertussis (whooping cough) and is transmitted via airborne droplets. Although childhood vaccination has dramatically reduced reported pertussis cases, the incidence of the disease has increased over the past 20 years, most notably in previously immun...
journal_title：American family physician
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：2006-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Despite an 80 to 90 percent success rate in removing common bile duct stones, this technique has yet to receive universal acceptance in the United States. Originally developed for retained or newly formed common bile duct stones in patients with previous cholecystectomy, the procedure is now also used to remove common...
journal_title：American family physician
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1981-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Status epilepticus is an increasingly recognized public health problem in the United States. Status epilepticus is associated with a high mortality rate that is largely contingent on the duration of the condition before initial treatment, the etiology of the condition, and the age of the patient. Treatment is evolving...
journal_title：American family physician
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：2003-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Menstrual patterns can be an indicator of overall health and self-perception of well-being. Primary amenorrhea, defined as the lifelong absence of menses, requires evaluation if menarche has not occurred by 15 years of age or three years post-thelarche. Secondary amenorrhea is characterized by cessation of previously ...
journal_title：American family physician
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：2019-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Although local anesthesia usually is used in surgical procedures, field or nerve blocks can provide more effective anesthesia in some situations. In a field block, local anesthetic is infiltrated around the border of the surgical field, leaving the operative area undisturbed. In field blocks, epinephrine may be added ...
journal_title：American family physician
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：2004-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In evaluating recurrent childhood infections, the physician must keep in mind the rarity of true immunodeficiency and the frequency of atopy, day care, exposure to cigarette smoke and anatomic variations as predisposing factors in recurrent childhood illnesses. Determining true immunodeficiency involves exclusion of r...
journal_title：American family physician
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：1996-11-15 00:00:00
abstract：:Endometriosis is a progressive disease affecting 5 to 10 percent of women. It can cause dyspareunia, dysmenorrhea, low back pain and infertility. A definitive diagnosis can be made only by means of laparoscopy. Medical treatment designed to interfere with ovulation generally provides effective pain relief, but the rec...
journal_title：American family physician
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：1999-10-15 00:00:00
abstract：:Acute pancreatitis is a clinical syndrome characterized by midepigastric pain, nausea and vomiting. Numerous etiologies have been linked with this entity, principally alcoholism and biliary disease. Once the clinical suspicion of pancreatitis is confirmed, supportive therapy with intravenous hydration and close observ...
journal_title：American family physician
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：1995-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Knowledge about diabetes mellitus and its management has steadily increased since the discovery of insulin in 1921. Specific therapies for both type I and type II diabetes have resulted in greater normalization of plasma glucose levels. Information obtained from self-monitoring of blood glucose levels has given physic...
journal_title：American family physician
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：1991-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Antidepressant drugs are now an important component of the analgesic pharmacopeia. Their ability to relieve pain is independent of the presence of clinical depression, and their efficacy has been documented in the treatment of migraine and tension headaches, neuropathic pain and chronic pain syndromes, including those...
journal_title：American family physician
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：1985-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Rational use of psychoactive drugs in frail elderly patients requires an understanding of the physiologic changes produced by aging and chronic disease. Other drugs being used and the patient's nutritional status and lifestyle also must be considered. Affective disorders and thought disorders may be effectively treate...
journal_title：American family physician
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1984-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Respiratory difficulty is a common presenting complaint in the outpatient primary care setting. Because patients may first seek care by calling their physician's office, telephone triage plays a role in the early management of dyspnea. Once the patient is in the office, the initial goal of assessment is to determine t...
journal_title：American family physician
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：2003-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Seizure patterns usually reflect known functions of the involved areas of the brain. The causes of epilepsy vary with the age at onset. For the purposes of determining drug therapy, seizures are divided into three groups. Focal and tonic-clonic seizures respond to one group of drugs, and absence seizures respond to an...
journal_title：American family physician
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1984-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Hypertension is the most common chronic condition treated by family physicians. Elevated blood pressure is associated with an increased risk of heart failure, myocardial infarction, cerebrovascular disease, and death. Treatment of hypertension reduces the risk of these events. Several lifestyle modifications are assoc...
journal_title：American family physician
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：2015-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Burns are the second most common cause of death in childhood. More than half of pediatric burns are partial-thickness scald burns; the majority occur in the kitchen. Generally, minor burns may be treated on an outpatient basis, while moderate burns are treated in a community hospital. Children with major burns should ...
journal_title：American family physician
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1987-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Myasthenia gravis is characterized by variable ocular and skeletal muscle weakness. Peak incidence is in young women and older men. Thymomas are present in 30 percent of myasthenic patients over age 40. Binding of acetylcholine receptors by IgG antibodies may be the mechanism of the neuromuscular disorder. Repetitive ...
journal_title：American family physician
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1981-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Although falls are a common cause of injury in older persons, they are not just a normal part of the aging process. The American Geriatrics Society and British Geriatrics Society recommend that all adults older than 65 years be screened annually for a history of falls or balance impairment. An individualized risk asse...
journal_title：American family physician
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：2011-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Successful long-term weight loss maintenance can be achieved by various means. A combination of dietary and physical activity interventions, along with one or more behavioral approaches, has proven successful in some persons, as documented by the National Weight Control Registry, but is limited by adherence to a consi...
journal_title：American family physician
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：2010-09-15 00:00:00
abstract：:In patients with dangerously elevated diastolic blood pressures, the titrated intravenous administration of sodium nitroprusside usually reduces blood pressure to near-normal levels in less than an hour. This rapid reduction of pressure is well tolerated by hypertensive patients and probably diminishes the morbidity f...
journal_title：American family physician
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1977-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Osteoporosis is characterized by low bone mineral density and a deterioration in the microarchitecture of bone that increases its susceptibility to fracture. The World Health Organization defines osteoporosis as a bone mineral density that is 2.5 standard deviations or more below the reference mean for healthy, young ...
journal_title：American family physician
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：2004-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Menière's disease may be the underlying cause of dizziness, which is a common presenting complaint. This disease is differentiated from other causes of dizziness by its classic constellation of four symptoms; dizziness characterized as episodic spinning or whirling vertigo; fluctuating, low-frequency sensorineural hea...
journal_title：American family physician
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：1997-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Effective management of life-threatening emergencies in infants and children demands a high level of technical skill. The Pediatric Advanced Life Support (PALS) provider course, developed jointly by the American Academy of Pediatrics and the American Heart Association, is highly recommended to help physicians prepare ...
journal_title：American family physician
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：1991-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Cystic masses of the neck may represent thyroid, parathyroid, thyroglossal duct or branchial cleft cysts. Analysis of the cyst fluid may establish the etiology. Elevated levels of parathyroid hormone can be found in parathyroid cysts without concomitant hyperparathyroidism. A high concentration of cholesterol without ...
journal_title：American family physician
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：1989-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The incidence of Lyme disease is increasing, and the disease is spreading geographically. Prompt diagnosis requires recognition of characteristic signs and symptoms of infection with the spirochete Borrelia burgdorferi. In more than half of cases, erythema migrans is the earliest sign of Lyme disease. Although less fr...
journal_title：American family physician
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：1992-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Hepatitis A is a common viral illness worldwide, although the incidence in the United States has diminished in recent years as a result of extended immunization practices. Hepatitis A virus is transmitted through fecal-oral contamination, and there are occasional outbreaks through food sources. Young children are usua...
journal_title：American family physician
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：2012-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Benign pulmonary neoplasms are relatively uncommon. The symptoms vary, depending on the location of the tumor. Specific diagnosis can be a time-consuming process and requires an orderly plan. Polytomography or computed tomographic scan, bronchoscopy, percutaneous biopsy or thoracotomy may be required. Tissue diagnosis...
journal_title：American family physician
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1984-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The hallmark of agoraphobia is the spontaneous panic attack, a reaction of extreme fearfulness and impending doom with cardiorespiratory symptoms. The end result can be a patient who is housebound. The basic therapeutic principle is confrontation with the avoided object or activity. Controlled clinical experiments dem...
journal_title：American family physician
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1981-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Injuries from power lawnmowers most frequently involve the toes or the foot. The most common injury is caused by an extremity being caught in the moving parts of the machine. The greatest injury is to the skin and soft tissue by degloving or avulsion. Most of these injuries, especially those which occur to children wh...
journal_title：American family physician
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1976-05-01 00:00:00
