Abstract：
:Although falls are a common cause of injury in older persons, they are not just a normal part of the aging process. The American Geriatrics Society and British Geriatrics Society recommend that all adults older than 65 years be screened annually for a history of falls or balance impairment. An individualized risk assessment should be performed, with corresponding multifactorial intervention, for those who report a single fall and have unsteadiness; who report two or more falls; who report difficulties with gait or balance; or who seek medical attention because of a fall. The following components should be included in multifactorial interventions: exercise, particularly balance, strength, and gait training; modification of the home environment; minimization of medications, especially psychoactive medications; management of postural hypotension; and management of foot problems and footwear. These interventions are effective in decreasing falls and fall-related injuries in the community and nursing home settings, as well as in decreasing the number of persons who fall in the subacute hospital setting. Prevention of falls and, most importantly, of injury and death is possible. An evidence-based fall prevention prescription may be used to efficiently accomplish management.
journal_name
Am Fam Physicianjournal_title
American family physicianauthors
Moncada LVsubject
Has Abstractpub_date
2011-12-01 00:00:00pages
1267-76issue
11eissn
0002-838Xissn
1532-0650pii
d10038journal_volume
84pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract：:Family physicians can treat most finger fractures and dislocations, but when necessary, prompt referral to an orthopedic or hand surgeon is important to maximize future function. Examination includes radiography (oblique, anteroposterior, and true lateral views) and physical examination to detect fractures. Dislocatio...
journal_title：American family physician
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：2006-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Pregnant women commonly use over-the-counter medications. Although most over-the-counter drugs have an excellent safety profile, some have unproven safety or are known to adversely affect the fetus. The safety profile of some medications may change according to the gestational age of the fetus. Because an estimated 10...
journal_title：American family physician
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：2003-06-15 00:00:00
abstract：:Delirium is defined as an acute, fluctuating syndrome of altered attention, awareness, and cognition. It is common in older persons in the hospital and long-term care facilities and may indicate a life-threatening condition. Assessment for and prevention of delirium should occur at admission and continue throughout a ...
journal_title：American family physician
pub_type： 杂志文章,已发布勘误,评审
doi：
更新日期：2014-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Appropriate dosage of levothyroxine for the treatment of hypothyroidism is assessed by determining the serum thyroxine (T4) concentration in secondary and tertiary types. In primary hypothyroidism, the optimal thyroid replacement is that which induces a normal thyroid-stimulating hormone level and a normal TSH respons...
journal_title：American family physician
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1982-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Eczematous dermatitis is a common condition that can interfere with social function, sleep and employment. Its persistence and accompanying pruritus may be stressful and frustrating for patients. The most common and best characterized type of eczema, atopic dermatitis, appears to be increasing in incidence. Other comm...
journal_title：American family physician
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：1996-09-15 00:00:00
abstract：:Recognition of the allergic individual is facilitated by an awareness of certain characteristic actions and various facial lesions which may be clues to other allergic problems. A gaping expression, clearing of the throat and rubbing or mashing of the eyes and nose may indicate significant rhinitis. Dark circles and b...
journal_title：American family physician
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1977-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Wide complex tachycardias are cardiac rhythm disorders with three or more consecutive beats, rates exceeding 100 beats per minute and a QRS duration of 120 msec (0.12 second) or greater. The width of the QRS complex should be verified in a number of leads, since the QRS complex often appears mistakenly narrower (i.e.,...
journal_title：American family physician
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1996-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The protein-sparing modified fast is a safe and effective method for losing a large amount of weight relatively quickly. This diet should be used in combination with an exercise program, behavior modification and patient education. Caloric intake is in the range of 400 to 800 per day. Candidates for the diet should be...
journal_title：American family physician
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：1990-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:More women, men and children receive medical care each month in the offices of primary care physicians than any other professional setting. There is an urgent need for health policies that encourage further innovation and implementation ...
journal_title：American family physician
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：2001-09-15 00:00:00
abstract：:Vomiting, amnesia, a history of falls and other injuries, and depression and anxiety may all be clues to a drinking problem. Decreased work performance, absenteeism and difficulty in getting along with others may be present. Coming to grips with the problem is essential. Once the patient accepts the need for abstinenc...
journal_title：American family physician
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1978-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:During the past decade, continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis has emerged as a successful alternative to hemodialysis in the treatment of chronic renal failure. Performed continuously, peritoneal dialysis achieves total transfer comparable to hemodialysis and removes peptides faster. Studies have shown that surviv...
journal_title：American family physician
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：1989-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Melanoma is an increasingly common malignancy, and it affects a younger population than most cancers. Risk factors for melanoma include white race, sun sensitivity, family history of melanoma, and melanocytic nevi. Sunburn and intermittent sun exposure appear to increase the risk of developing melanoma. The role of po...
journal_title：American family physician
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：2005-07-15 00:00:00
abstract：:Particularly in rural settings, Trichophyton verrucosum commonly causes an inflammatory tinea infection, sometimes called 'barn itch." There is usually a history of contact with animals. The demonstration of clusters of large spores in a potassium hydroxide preparation of scrappings obtained from clinically involved s...
journal_title：American family physician
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1983-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Distribution of accumulated fluid is the important element in the differentiation of peripheral edema resulting from different etiologies. Isolated upper extremity edema is rare and is usually caused by obstruction of the superior vena cava by a malignancy. The cause of unilateral edema of a lower limb can usually be ...
journal_title：American family physician
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：1997-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:House calls can still serve many functions in the overall care of the patient. By improving the relationship between physician and patient, providing the physician with important information that can only be gained from a home visit and allowing the physician to remain active in the care of the homebound patient, hous...
journal_title：American family physician
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：1991-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Thyroiditis is a spectrum of diseases that includes acute, subacute and chronic thyroiditis, all of which demonstrate the histologic findings of inflammation, fibrosis or lymphocytic infiltration. Acute thyroiditis is an infectious disease characterized by the abrupt onset of anterior neck pain and swelling. Subacute ...
journal_title：American family physician
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：1993-09-15 00:00:00
abstract：:Allergies may cause gastrointestinal symptoms such as diarrhea, vomiting and pain, dermatologic manifestations, asthma and rhinitis. The most common offender among the foodstuffs is milk. Elimination diets are designed not only to remove the offending food but to identify it and to prevent new sensitizations. Canker s...
journal_title：American family physician
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1975-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Although heart failure is a common clinical syndrome, especially in the elderly, its diagnosis is often missed. A detailed clinical history is crucial and should address not only current signs and symptoms of heart failure but also signs and symptoms that point to a specific cause of the syndrome, such as coronary art...
journal_title：American family physician
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：2000-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Adult immunization rates have fallen short of national goals partly because of misconceptions about the safety and benefits of current vaccines. The danger of these misconceptions is magnified during pregnancy, when concerned physicians are hesitant to administer vaccines and patients are reluctant to accept them. Rou...
journal_title：American family physician
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：2003-07-15 00:00:00
abstract：:Home monitoring of blood glucose and blood pressure levels can provide patients and physicians with valuable information in the management of diabetes mellitus and hypertension. Home monitoring allows patients to play an active role in their care and may improve treatment adherence and clinical outcomes. Glucose meter...
journal_title：American family physician
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：2007-07-15 00:00:00
abstract：:Hepatitis A is a common viral illness worldwide, although the incidence in the United States has diminished in recent years as a result of extended immunization practices. Hepatitis A virus is transmitted through fecal-oral contamination, and there are occasional outbreaks through food sources. Young children are usua...
journal_title：American family physician
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：2012-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Careful examination of the neonate at delivery can detect anomalies, birth injuries, and disorders that may compromise successful adaptation to extrauterine life. A newborn with one anatomic malformation should be evaluated for associated anomalies. If a newborn is found to have an abdominal wall defect, management in...
journal_title：American family physician
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：2002-01-15 00:00:00
abstract：:Some skin conditions, such as blistering diseases, guttate and pustular psoriasis, exfoliative erythroderma, reactive erythemas and acute contact dermatitis have an acute onset and require prompt intervention. Acute vesicular or weeping dermatoses are best treated with cool, wet compresses and topical lotions, whereas...
journal_title：American family physician
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1986-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Although testicular cancer accounts for only 1 percent of all tumors in males, it is the most common malignancy in males between 15 and 34 years of age. Cryptorchidism is the most significant risk factor for testicular cancer, increasing the risk up to 11-fold. A painless testicular mass is the classic presentation fo...
journal_title：American family physician
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：1999-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The family physician often provides the first and only medical intervention for fingertip injuries. Proper diagnosis and management of fingertip injuries are vital to maintaining proper function of the hand and preventing permanent disability. A subungual hematoma is a painful condition that involves bleeding beneath ...
journal_title：American family physician
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：2001-05-15 00:00:00
abstract：:Hawthorn medicinal extract has long been a favored herbal remedy in Europe. The active components of this slow-acting cardiotonic agent are thought to be flavonoids and oligomeric procyanidins. The most studied hawthorn extracts are WS 1442 and LI 132. Reviews of placebo- controlled trials have reported both subjectiv...
journal_title：American family physician
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：2010-02-15 00:00:00
abstract：:Self-care is becoming increasingly popular among health care consumers. The availability of over-the-counter medications makes it possible for consumers to treat numerous ailments without the supervision of a health care professional. Many of the medications now available without a prescription were previously classif...
journal_title：American family physician
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：1998-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The spondyloarthropathies include ankylosing spondylitis, reactive arthritis (including Reiter's syndrome), psoriatic arthritis, inflammatory bowel disease-associated spondyloarthropathy, and undifferentiated spondyloarthropathy. These diseases are linked by their association with the HLA-B27 gene and by the presence ...
journal_title：American family physician
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：2004-06-15 00:00:00
abstract：:Hematuria, symptomatic and incidental, that involves more than three red blood cells per high-power field on two of three properly collected urinalysis specimens warrants some type of imaging to evaluate the upper tracts. Traditionally, excretory urography or the intravenous pyelogram has been the mainstay of the hema...
journal_title：American family physician
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：2008-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The family physician is in a unique position to care for the total needs of the patient. Suggestion therapy and clinical hypnosis are helpful in managing the psychologic aspects of disease in all age groups beyond five years, and are well within the purview of family physicians. Learning these techniques can enhance t...
journal_title：American family physician
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1981-06-01 00:00:00
