Abstract:
:Exposure to ionizing radiation alone or combined with traumatic tissue injury is a crucial life-threatening factor in nuclear and radiological incidents. Radiation injuries occur at the molecular, cellular, tissue and systemic levels; their mechanisms, however, remain largely unclear. Exposure to radiation combined with skin wounding, bacterial infection or burns results in greater mortality than radiation exposure alone in dogs, pigs, rats, guinea pigs and mice. In the current study we observed that B6D2F1/J female mice exposed to 60Co gamma-photon radiation followed by 15% total-body-surface-area skin wounds experienced an increment of 25% higher mortality over a 30-day observation period compared to those subjected to radiation alone. Radiation exposure delayed wound healing by approximately 14 days. On day 30 post-injury, bone marrow and ileum in animals from both groups (radiation alone or combined injury) still displayed low cellularity and structural damage. White blood cell counts, e.g., neutrophils, lymphocytes, monocytes, eosinophils, basophils and platelets, still remained very low in surviving irradiated alone animals, whereas only the lymphocyte count was low in surviving combined injury animals. Likewise, in surviving animals from radiation alone and combined injury groups, the RBCs, hemoglobin, hematocrit and platelets remained low. We observed, that animals treated with both pegylated G-CSF (a cytokine for neutrophil maturation and mobilization) and Alxn4100TPO (a thrombopoietin receptor agonist) at 4 h postirradiation, a 95% survival (vehicle: 60%) over the 30-day period, along with mitigated body-weight loss and significantly reduced acute radiation syndrome. In animals that received combined treatment of radiation and injury that received pegylated G-CSF and Alxn4100TPO, survival was increased from 35% to 55%, but did not accelerate wound healing. Hematopoiesis and ileum showed significant improvement in animals from both groups (irradiation alone and combined injury) when treated with pegylated G-CSF and Alxn4100TPO. Treatment with pegylated G-CSF alone increased survival after irradiation alone and combined injury by 33% and 15%, respectively, and further delayed wound healing, but increased WBC, RBC and platelet counts after irradiation alone, and only RBCs and platelets after combined injury. Treatment with Alxn4100TPO alone increased survival after both irradiation alone and combined injury by 4 and 23%, respectively, and delayed wound healing after combined injury, but increased RBCs, hemoglobin concentrations, hematocrit values and platelets after irradiation alone and only platelets after combined injury. Taken together, the results suggest that combined treatment with pegylated G-CSF and Alxn4100TPO is effective for mitigating effects of both radiation alone and in combination with injury.
journal_name
Radiat Resjournal_title
Radiation researchauthors
Kiang JG,Zhai M,Bolduc DL,Smith JT,Anderson MN,Ho C,Lin B,Jiang Sdoi
10.1667/RR14647.1subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2017-11-01 00:00:00pages
476-490issue
5eissn
0033-7587issn
1938-5404journal_volume
188pub_type
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journal_title:Radiation research
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journal_title:Radiation research
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journal_title:Radiation research
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journal_title:Radiation research
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更新日期:1997-12-01 00:00:00
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abstract::The dependence of relative biological effectiveness (RBE) on photon energy is a topic of extensive discussions. The increasing amount of in vitro data in the low-energy region indicates this to be a complex dependence that is influenced by the end point and cell line studied. In the present investigation, the RBE of 1...
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journal_title:Radiation research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1988-06-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Radiation research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1987-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::We present theoretical arguments to explain observations of a "reversal" of the RBE at relatively large doses; that is, the RBE of high-LET vs low-LET radiation is less than one. Numerical examples are given and the results of Bogo et al. (Radiat. Res. 118, 341-352, 1989) are discussed qualitatively. ...
journal_title:Radiation research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1992-04-01 00:00:00
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pub_type: 杂志文章
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更新日期:2010-11-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Radiation research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1667/0033-7587(2002)157[0281:iaaicr]2.0.co;2
更新日期:2002-03-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Radiation research
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journal_title:Radiation research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1983-03-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Radiation research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1986-10-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Radiation research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1998-04-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Radiation research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1988-02-01 00:00:00
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pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
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journal_title:Radiation research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1990-06-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Radiation research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1985-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::We have previously observed time- and dose-dependent increases in matrix metalloproteinase 2 (Mmp2) protein levels in rat tubule epithelial cells (NRK52E) after irradiation. However, the mechanism(s) involved remains unclear. In the present study, irradiating NRK52E cells with 0-20 Gy gamma rays was associated with ti...
journal_title:Radiation research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1667/3155
更新日期:2004-04-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Radiation research
pub_type: 杂志文章
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更新日期:2011-07-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Radiation research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1986-05-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Radiation research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1997-09-01 00:00:00