Abstract:
:Carbopol is a polyanionic carbomer used in man for topical application and drug delivery purposes. However parenteral administration of Carbopol in animal models results in systemic adjuvant activity including strong pro-inflammatory type-1 T-cell (Th1) polarization. Here we investigated potential pathways of immune activation by Carbopol by comparison with other well-characterized adjuvants. Carbopol administration triggered rapid and robust leukocyte recruitment, pro-inflammatory cytokine secretion and antigen capture largely by inflammatory monocytes. The induction of antigen specific Th1 cells by Carbopol was found to occur via a non-canonical pathway, independent of MyD88/TRIF signaling and in the absence of pattern-recognition-receptor (PRR) activation typically associated with Th1/Ig2a induction. Using multispectral fluorescence imaging (Imagestream) and electron microscopy we demonstrated that phagocytic uptake of Carbopol particles followed by entry into the phagosomal/lysosomal pathway elicited conformational changes to the polymer and reactive oxygen species (ROS) production. We therefore conclude that Carbopol may mediate its adjuvant activity via novel mechanisms of antigen presenting cell activation and Th1 induction, leading to enhanced IgG2a responses independent of microbial pattern recognition.
journal_name
Vaccinejournal_title
Vaccineauthors
Gartlan KH,Krashias G,Wegmann F,Hillson WR,Scherer EM,Greenberg PD,Eisenbarth SC,Moghaddam AE,Sattentau QJdoi
10.1016/j.vaccine.2016.03.025subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2016-04-27 00:00:00pages
2188-96issue
19eissn
0264-410Xissn
1873-2518pii
S0264-410X(16)00336-4journal_volume
34pub_type
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