Abstract：
:1. Tryptophan increases 5HT synthesis, but the extent to which it increases 5HT release and therefore 5HT function is unclear. 2. The possibility that increased 5HT levels will lead to increased 5HT release is enhanced when 5HT neurons are firing at a higher rate. The rate of firing of 5HT neurons is increased as the level of behavioral arousal increases. Thus, altered tryptophan levels will be more likely to influence brain function at higher levels of arousal. 3. In the rat, tryptophan administration increased CSF 5HT appreciably when the animals were aroused by being put in the dark, but not when they were left in a lighted room. 4. In monkeys, the level of behavioral arousal does seem to influence the effect of altered tryptophan levels on aggression. This is consistent with the fact that altered tryptophan levels had no effect on aggression in normal subjects, but that tryptophan had a therapeutic effect in pathologically aggressive patients. 5. The confusing literature on the antidepressant effect of tryptophan can, to some extent, be explained by considering the circumstances in which tryptophan administration will lead to increases in 5HT release as well as increases in 5HT synthesis. 6. Although in some circumstances tryptophan can decrease pain perception by activation of spinal 5HT pathways, when it was given to postoperative patients it attenuated morphine analgesia by activation of a 5HT pathway in the brain. 7. The effect of altered tryptophan levels depend critically on the circumstances in which it is given.
journal_name
Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatryauthors
Young SN,Teff KLdoi
10.1016/0278-5846(89)90126-7subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1989-01-01 00:00:00pages
373-9issue
3-4eissn
0278-5846issn
1878-4216journal_volume
13pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract：:1. The opiate receptor binding to whole brain synaptic membranes obtained from mice subjected to acute and chronic morphine administration and precipitated withdrawal was investigated. 2. The number of high and low affinity binding sites was significantly higher in morphine tolerant group than in control; acute admini...
journal_title：Progress in neuro-psychopharmacology & biological psychiatry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0278-5846(82)80187-5
更新日期：1982-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:1. Adrafmil is a novel vigilance promoting agent developed in France by Louis Lafon Laboratories. 2. Adrafinil causes increased locomotion without producing stereotypical activity in canines tested in an open field. 3. The effectiveness of a single treatment is long-lasting, and the effectiveness persists over repeate...
journal_title：Progress in neuro-psychopharmacology & biological psychiatry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0278-5846(00)00103-2
更新日期：2000-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE:The aim of the study was to compare the activity of gonadal hormones and serotonergic system in premenopausal women with or without depression in relation to clinical and hormonal indices of menopause. METHODS:The sample included 60 women with single or recurrent major depressive episode with disease onset aft...
journal_title：Progress in neuro-psychopharmacology & biological psychiatry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/S0278-5846(03)00085-X
更新日期：2003-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Genetic differences among patients suffering from Major Depression are likely to contribute to interindividual differences in medication treatment response. Thus, the identification of gene variants affecting drug response is needed in order to be able to predict response to psychopharmacological drugs. This study ana...
journal_title：Progress in neuro-psychopharmacology & biological psychiatry
pub_type： 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi：10.1016/j.pnpbp.2007.05.015
更新日期：2007-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Only two-thirds of depressive patients respond to antidepressant treatment. Recently, addition of an atypical antipsychotic drug to ongoing treatment with an antidepressant has been considered effective and well-tolerated. In the present study, we examined the effects of various atypical antipsychotic drugs as adjuvan...
journal_title：Progress in neuro-psychopharmacology & biological psychiatry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.pnpbp.2009.12.003
更新日期：2010-03-17 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:The Mayer-Salovey-Caruso Emotional Intelligence Test (MSCEIT) is a key measure of social cognition in schizophrenia that has good psychometric properties and is recommended by the MATRICS committee. As a way to further investigate the validity of the MSCEIT, this study sought to examine the neurobiological co...
journal_title：Progress in neuro-psychopharmacology & biological psychiatry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.pnpbp.2012.09.013
更新日期：2013-01-10 00:00:00
abstract：:1. The authors have previously shown that direct activation of metabotropic glutamate receptors (mGluRs) by (S)-3,5-dihydroxyphenylglycine ((S)-DHPG) can induce a long-lasting potentiation of synaptic transmission in the rat dentate gyrus in vitro. Here the authors provide further characterisation of this agonist-indu...
journal_title：Progress in neuro-psychopharmacology & biological psychiatry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0278-5846(98)00095-5
更新日期：1999-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The involvement of phospholipase A(2) (PLA(2)) in Alzheimer disease (AD) was first investigated nearly 15 years ago. Over the years, several PLA(2) isoforms have been detected in brain tissue: calcium-dependent secreted PLA(2) or sPLA(2) (IIA, IIC, IIE, V, X, and XII), calcium-dependent cytosolic PLA(2) or cPLA(2) (IV...
journal_title：Progress in neuro-psychopharmacology & biological psychiatry
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.pnpbp.2010.08.019
更新日期：2010-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVES:In recent decades, the diagnostic and therapeutic implications of the microbiome changes and the impact of probiotic supplementation have increased rapidly. However, the potential for clinical translation of microbiome research for children and adolescents with psychiatric disorders is unclear. This review e...
journal_title：Progress in neuro-psychopharmacology & biological psychiatry
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.pnpbp.2020.110187
更新日期：2020-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:1. The effect of gender, smoking and pubertal development on platelet monoamine oxidase (MAO) activity was described in a randomly selected, large sample of 9- and 15-years old healthy children. 2. Platelet MAO activity was measured in 1129 children by a radioenzymatic method with beta-phenylethylamine as the substrat...
journal_title：Progress in neuro-psychopharmacology & biological psychiatry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0278-5846(01)00212-3
更新日期：2001-11-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Progress in neuro-psychopharmacology & biological psychiatry
pub_type： 杂志文章,meta分析
doi：10.1016/j.pnpbp.2013.06.015
更新日期：2013-10-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Progress in neuro-psychopharmacology & biological psychiatry
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
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更新日期：1986-01-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Progress in neuro-psychopharmacology & biological psychiatry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.pnpbp.2018.01.023
更新日期：2018-06-08 00:00:00
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journal_title：Progress in neuro-psychopharmacology & biological psychiatry
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/s0278-5846(01)00192-0
更新日期：2001-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The underlying mechanisms of autism and schizophrenia are poorly understood, partly due to a lack of dimension-specific research. Aberrant excitatory and inhibitory neurotransmission are implicated in both conditions, particularly in social dysfunction. This study investigates the extent to which the degree of autisti...
journal_title：Progress in neuro-psychopharmacology & biological psychiatry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.pnpbp.2018.07.024
更新日期：2019-01-10 00:00:00
abstract：:1. Seven patients with TD were treated with a single dose of ceruletide 0.8 microgram/kg i.m. 2. EMG and MV were recorded, and the average power spectrum was computed. 3. Effect of ceruletide on TD within 2 hr after injection was varied (3 cases: inhibitory, 2 cases: facilitatory, 2 cases: no effect). 4. Two patients ...
journal_title：Progress in neuro-psychopharmacology & biological psychiatry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0278-5846(88)90025-5
更新日期：1988-01-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Progress in neuro-psychopharmacology & biological psychiatry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.pnpbp.2019.04.005
更新日期：2019-07-13 00:00:00
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journal_title：Progress in neuro-psychopharmacology & biological psychiatry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0278-5846(98)00024-4
更新日期：1998-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is often associated with reduced IQ and high levels of externalizing behavior (EB). This study tested if DRD4 7-repeat allele and DAT1 10-repeat allele homozygosity interact in modulating correlations between IQ and EB in affected boys. METHODS:Boys (n=130) bet...
journal_title：Progress in neuro-psychopharmacology & biological psychiatry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.pnpbp.2009.04.019
更新日期：2009-08-31 00:00:00
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journal_title：Progress in neuro-psychopharmacology & biological psychiatry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0278-5846(93)90065-z
更新日期：1993-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The possible interaction of melatonin with the GABAergic system at the receptor level was investigated. The effect of melatonin on the binding of the GABA agonist, [3H]muscimol, in crude synaptic membrane preparations was assayed. In fresh membrane preparations, melatonin increased [3H]muscimol binding in the rat stri...
journal_title：Progress in neuro-psychopharmacology & biological psychiatry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0278-5846(84)90034-4
更新日期：1984-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:1. The kava-pyrones kawain and dihydromethysticin are constituents of Piper methysticum which exert anticonvulsant, analgesic and anxiolytic properties. 2. In the present study the effect of these kava-pyrones were tested on field potential changes (fp) induced by omission of the extracellular Mg2+, recorded from the ...
journal_title：Progress in neuro-psychopharmacology & biological psychiatry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0278-5846(97)00042-0
更新日期：1997-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Despite considerable efforts and successes investigating the function of the hippocampal formation in memory processes, there are still numerous elusive key issues. Some of them will be addressed in this review. We will argue that recent evidence supports hippocampal participation in several memory processes, such as ...
journal_title：Progress in neuro-psychopharmacology & biological psychiatry
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/s0278-5846(01)00153-1
更新日期：2001-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:1. Two classes of GABAergic inhibitory interneurons, chandelier and basket cells, are known regulators of pyramidal neurons. Parvalbumin (PV) a calcium binding protein, has been shown to be a marker for axon terminals of subpopulations of these interneurons. 2. Immunohistochemical methods were used in this study to ex...
journal_title：Progress in neuro-psychopharmacology & biological psychiatry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0278-5846(92)90084-r
更新日期：1992-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Previous studies have demonstrated brain gray matter reduction in methamphetamine (MA) users; however, little is known about longitudinal brain structural alternations during abstinence. METHOD:Brain volumes were compared among 30 MA-dependent patients (average 6.3years of drug use) at 6months' abstinence a...
journal_title：Progress in neuro-psychopharmacology & biological psychiatry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.pnpbp.2017.09.004
更新日期：2018-02-02 00:00:00
abstract：:Low resting heart rate is a strong and consistent predictor of conduct disorder and chronic aggression. Explanations such as fearlessness and low arousal-induced stimulus-seeking have been offered, assuming a causal association between the phenomena, but the origin of low heart rate and its significance for understand...
journal_title：Progress in neuro-psychopharmacology & biological psychiatry
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.pnpbp.2008.10.019
更新日期：2009-03-17 00:00:00
abstract：:1. The majority of neurons in the striatum (caudate-putamen, dorsal striatum; nucleus accumbens, ventral striatum) and in striatal projection regions (the pallidum, the entopeduncular nucleus and substantia nigra reticulata) use gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) as transmitter and express glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD...
journal_title：Progress in neuro-psychopharmacology & biological psychiatry
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/0278-5846(93)90018-n
更新日期：1993-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Human brain is a topologically complex network embedded in anatomical space, and anatomical distance may affect functional connectivity (FC) in schizophrenia. However, little is known if and how this effect occurs in adolescent-onset schizophrenia (AOS). METHODS:We explored long- and short-range FC through ...
journal_title：Progress in neuro-psychopharmacology & biological psychiatry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.pnpbp.2017.08.012
更新日期：2018-02-02 00:00:00
abstract：:An association between serotonin 2A receptor (5-HT2AR), encoded by HTR2A gene, and major depressive disorder (MDD) has been suggested. Here, we combined preclinical and ecological clinical approaches to explore the impact of impaired 5-HT2AR-mediated transmission on MDD or anxio-depressive-like phenotype in mice. Htr2...
journal_title：Progress in neuro-psychopharmacology & biological psychiatry
pub_type： 杂志文章,多中心研究
doi：10.1016/j.pnpbp.2014.04.013
更新日期：2014-10-03 00:00:00
abstract：:Zolpidem is a rapid-onset, short-duration, quickly eliminated imidazopyridine hypnotic. It has been suggested that zolpidem may produce less memory and cognitive impairment than benzodiazepines (BZs) due to its low binding affinity for BZ receptor subtypes found in areas of the brain that are involved in learning and ...
journal_title：Progress in neuro-psychopharmacology & biological psychiatry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0278-5846(02)00254-3
更新日期：2002-10-01 00:00:00
