Abstract:
:This study sought to characterize the impact of 3 types of variation on the Standardized Antimicrobial Administration Ratio (SAAR) utilizing local National Healthcare Safety Network (NHSN) data. SAAR and antimicrobial days per 1,000 days present (AD/1000DP) were compiled monthly for Northwestern Memorial Hospital from 2014 to 2016. Antimicrobial consumption was aggregated into agent categories (via NHSN criteria). Month-to-month changes in SAAR and AD/1000DP were evaluated. Azithromycin and oseltamivir AD/1000DP from 2012 through 2017 were explored for seasonal variation. A sensitivity analysis was performed to explore the effect of seasonality and altered consumption at other hypothetical hospitals on the SAAR. Across agent categories for both the intensive care unit (n = 4) and general wards (n = 4), the average matched-month percent change in AD/1000DP was correlated with the corresponding change in SAAR (coefficient of determination of 0.99). The monthly mean ± standard deviation (SD) AD/1000DP was 235 (range, 47.2 to 661.5), and the mean ± SD SAAR was 1.09 ± 0.26 (range, 0.79 to 1.09) across the NHSN agent categories. Five seasons exhibited seasonal variation in AD/1000DP for azithromycin with a mean percent change of 26.76% (range, 22.27 to 30.69). Eight seasons exhibited seasonal variation in AD/1000DP for oseltamivir with a mean percent change of 129.1% (range, 32.01 to 352.74). The sensitivity analyses confirm that antimicrobial usage at comparator hospitals does not impact the local SAAR, and seasonal variation of antibiotics has the potential to impact SAAR. Month-to-month changes in the SAAR mirror monthly changes in an institution's AD/1000DP. Seasonal variation is an important variable for future SAAR consideration, and the variable antibiotic use at peer hospitals is not currently captured by the SAAR methodology.
journal_name
Antimicrob Agents Chemotherjournal_title
Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapyauthors
Avedissian SN,Rhodes NJ,Liu J,Aljefri D,Postelnick MJ,Sutton SH,Zembower TR,Martin D,Pais G,Cruce CE,Scheetz MHdoi
10.1128/AAC.01780-18subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2019-02-26 00:00:00issue
3eissn
0066-4804issn
1098-6596pii
AAC.01780-18journal_volume
63pub_type
杂志文章abstract::The morphology of cells of the H37Ra strain of Mycobacterium tuberculosis exposed to 0.5 mug of isonicotinic acid hydrazide (isoniazid) per ml was examined by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Cells that were exposed to isoniazid for 3 h showed no detectable change, whereas cells exposed to the drug for 24 h exhibit...
journal_title:Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/aac.4.1.62
更新日期:1973-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Pseudomonas aeruginosa clinical isolate CY-1, which was resistant to ceftazidime, harbored a conjugative ca. 250-kb plasmid that contained a class 1 integron with two gene cassettes encoding OXA-32, an OXA-2- type beta-lactamase, and the aminoglycoside acetyltransferase AAC(6')Ib(9). OXA-32 differed from OXA-2 by an L...
journal_title:Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/aac.46.2.566-569.2002
更新日期:2002-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Fosfomycin tromethamine (previously fosfomycin trometamol) is an orally administered fosfomycin which may be used for single-dose therapy of uncomplicated urinary tract infections. Fosfomycin tromethamine, norfloxacin, and trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole inhibited greater than 90% of 352 bacterial isolates representing ...
journal_title:Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/aac.35.6.1235
更新日期:1991-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Determinations of doxycycline 50% inhibitory concentrations (IC50) for 620 isolates from northwest Thailand were performed via the isotopic method, and the data were analyzed by the Bayesian method and distributed into two populations (mean IC50s of 13.15 μM and 31.60 μM). There was no significant difference between t...
journal_title:Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AAC.00345-15
更新日期:2015-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Amphotericin B colloidal dispersion (ABCD) is a new formulation of conventional amphotericin B designed to minimize drug distribution in the kidney and reduce nephrotoxicity. We studied the safety and efficacy of ABCD in 133 renally compromised patients with invasive fungal infections. Patients had either nephrotoxici...
journal_title:Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,多中心研究
doi:10.1128/AAC.42.3.606
更新日期:1998-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::The aim of this study was to reveal population pharmacokinetics and assess the efficacies of various dosage regimens of sulbactam in terms of the probability of target attainment with this agent over a range of MICs. Monte Carlo simulations were performed to determine the probability of attaining specific pharmacodyna...
journal_title:Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AAC.00342-13
更新日期:2013-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::The comparative in vitro activity of SMT19969, a novel, narrow-spectrum, nonabsorbable agent, was studied against 50 ribotype-defined Clostridium difficile strains, 174 Gram-positive and 136 Gram-negative intestinal anaerobes, and 40 Gram-positive aerobes. SMT19969 was one dilution more active against C. difficile iso...
journal_title:Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AAC.01136-13
更新日期:2013-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::The spread of extended-spectrum-beta-lactamase (ESBL)-producing organisms, particularly those harboring the CTX-M-type enzymes, both in the hospital and in the community, is difficult to discontinue due to the successful mobilization and evolution of the genetic elements harboring ESBL genes and coresistance rates in ...
journal_title:Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AAC.00155-06
更新日期:2006-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Isolates of Aspergillus fumigatus that demonstrate resistance to itraconazole (ITZ) have been described previously; however, the prevalence and clinical significance of ITZ resistance are not completely understood. In this study we assessed the ITZ susceptibilities of 128 A. fumigatus isolates that caused invasive inf...
journal_title:Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/aac.48.4.1197-1203.2004
更新日期:2004-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Triple antifungal combinations are used against refractory invasive aspergillosis without an adequate understanding of their pharmacodynamic interactions. We initially studied the in vitro triple combination of voriconazole, amphotericin B, and caspofungin against Aspergillus fumigatus, A. flavus, and A. terreus by a ...
journal_title:Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AAC.00873-06
更新日期:2007-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::In concert with the development of novel beta-lactams and broad-spectrum cephalosporins, bacterially encoded beta-lactamases have evolved to accommodate the new agents. This study was designed to identify, at the sequence level, the genes responsible for the extended-spectrum-beta-lactamase (ESBL) phenotypes of Escher...
journal_title:Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AAC.00883-08
更新日期:2009-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::The treatment of choice for Stenotrophomonas maltophilia is trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (SXT). Fluoroquinolones (FQs) have in vitro activity against S. maltophilia; however, there is limited published information on their effectiveness. The purpose of this study is to compare the effectiveness of FQs and SXT for the...
journal_title:Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AAC.01324-13
更新日期:2014-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Primary amoebic meningoencephalitis (PAM) is a rapidly fatal infection caused by the free-living amoeba Naegleria fowleri The amoeba migrates along the olfactory nerve to the brain, resulting in seizures, coma, and, eventually, death. Previous research has shown that Naegleria gruberi, a close relative of N. fowleri, ...
journal_title:Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AAC.00344-20
更新日期:2020-07-22 00:00:00
abstract::The most deadly outbreak of Escherichia coli O104:H4 occurred in Europe in 2011. Here, we evaluated the effects of the retrograde trafficking inhibitor Retro-2(cycl) in a murine model of E. coli O104:H4 infection. Systemic treatment with Retro-2(cycl) significantly reduced body weight loss and improved clinical scores...
journal_title:Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AAC.00455-15
更新日期:2015-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Hepatitis C virus (HCV) strains belong to seven genotypes with numerous subtypes that respond differently to antiviral therapies. Genotype 1, and primarily subtype 1b, is the most prevalent genotype worldwide. The development of recombinant HCV infectious cell culture systems for different variants, permitted by the h...
journal_title:Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AAC.00037-17
更新日期:2017-05-24 00:00:00
abstract::The potent antiretroviral pyrimidinediones IQP-0528 (PYD1) and IQP-0532 (PYD2) were formulated in polyurethane intravaginal rings (IVRs) as prophylactic drug delivery systems to prevent the sexual transmission of HIV-1. To aid in the selection of a pyrimidinedione candidate and the optimal loading of the drug in the I...
journal_title:Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AAC.05721-11
更新日期:2012-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Propolis, a resinous bee product, has been shown to inhibit the growth of oral microorganisms and the activity of bacterium-derived glucosyltransferases (GTFs). Several compounds, mainly polyphenolics, have been identified in this natural product. The present study evaluated the effects of distinct chemical groups fou...
journal_title:Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/aac.46.5.1302-1309.2002
更新日期:2002-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::The presence and characterization of plasmid-mediated fosfomycin resistance determinants among Escherichia coli isolates collected from pets in China between 2006 and 2010 were investigated. Twenty-nine isolates (9.0%) were positive for fosA3, and all of them were CTX-M producers. The fosA3 genes were flanked by IS26 ...
journal_title:Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AAC.05104-11
更新日期:2012-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::The density of the biofilm layer produced on a plastic surface by 23 clinical isolates and 1 reference strain of slime-positive, coagulase-negative staphylococci was measured following growth in subinhibitory concentrations (sub-MICs) of cefamandole or vancomycin ranging from 2 to 0.008 micrograms/ml. All strains were...
journal_title:Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/aac.34.3.390
更新日期:1990-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Hepatitis C virus (HCV) NS3 protease inhibitors (PIs) are important components of novel HCV therapy regimens. Studies of PI resistance initially focused on genotype 1. Therefore, knowledge about the determinants of PI resistance for the highly prevalent genotypes 2 to 6 remains limited. Using Huh7.5 cell culture-infec...
journal_title:Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AAC.02929-15
更新日期:2016-05-23 00:00:00
abstract::Daptomycin, a cyclic lipopeptide antibiotic, and 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-coenzyme A (HMG-CoA) reductase inhibitors (statins) are commonly administered in the inpatient setting and are associated with creatine phosphokinase (CPK) elevations, myalgias, and muscle weakness. Safety data for coadministration of daptomyc...
journal_title:Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AAC.02910-14
更新日期:2014-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::L-nucleoside analogs are a new class of antiviral and anticancer agents, several of which are currently used in the clinic. The phosphorylation of these agents to the triphosphate form is thought to be important for exertion of their pharmacological activities. 1-(2'-deoxy-2'-fluoro-beta-L-arabinofuranosyl)-5-methylur...
journal_title:Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AAC.49.5.2044-2049.2005
更新日期:2005-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::The effect of a selected tripeptide, Z-d-Phe-Phe-Arg(NO(2)) (SV-4814) on the kinetics of lysis of green monkey erythrocytes by measles virus hemolysin suggested conditions of competitive inhibition. SV-4814 prevented not only hemoglobin release, but also the preceding leakage of K(+) through the cell membrane. The cap...
journal_title:Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/aac.5.4.426
更新日期:1974-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Approximately 150,000 small-molecule compounds were tested by a robotic screening assay for their ability to inhibit nucleoside triphosphate hydrolase (NTPase), a novel enzyme of the tachyzoite form of Toxoplasma gondii. Five unrelated species of compounds were found to inhibit the activities of both NTPase isoforms (...
journal_title:Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/aac.46.8.2393-2399.2002
更新日期:2002-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Initial studies indicate that rifampin may be useful for the treatment of Staphylococcus aureus infections. Because bacterial resistance to rifampin may develop rapidly, its widespread use could result in the emergence of a resistant flora. This study evaluates the effectiveness of rifampin in reducing the nasal carri...
journal_title:Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/aac.7.3.294
更新日期:1975-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::We have developed a chromatographic assay with high sensitivity and specificity to quantify G418 sulfate (Geneticin), an antibiotic used routinely in molecular genetics experiments for selecting eukaryotic transformants. With this method, G418 in tissues and plasma samples can be quantitated without the confounding fa...
journal_title:Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AAC.41.3.661
更新日期:1997-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Additional drugs are needed for the treatment of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (TB). Sulfamethoxazole has been shown to have in vitro activity against Mycobacterium tuberculosis; however, there is concern about resistance given the widespread use of trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole prophylaxis among HIV-infected patie...
journal_title:Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AAC.01101-15
更新日期:2015-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::The distributions of tet(M) and conjugative transposons related to Tn1545 were studied by hybridization in 47 clinical isolates of Streptococcus pneumoniae resistant to tetracycline. Resistance to tetracycline was always associated with resistance to minocycline and was due to the presence of the tet(M) gene. Associat...
journal_title:Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/aac.35.8.1657
更新日期:1991-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::We describe outcomes of patients with infections with carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae (CRKP) who received ertapenem-containing double-carbapenem therapy (ECDCT). Clinical success was observed in 7/18 (39%) patients overall: bloodstream infections, 3/7 (43%); pneumonia, 1/5 (20%); intraabdominal infections, ...
journal_title:Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AAC.01569-15
更新日期:2015-11-09 00:00:00
abstract::The integrase inhibitor raltegravir (RAL) is currently used for the treatment of both treatment-naïve and treatment-experienced HIV-1-infected patients. Elvitegravir (EVG) is in late phases of clinical development. Since significant cross-resistance between RAL and EVG is observed, there is a need for second-generatio...
journal_title:Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AAC.01733-09
更新日期:2011-01-01 00:00:00