Abstract:
:Initial studies indicate that rifampin may be useful for the treatment of Staphylococcus aureus infections. Because bacterial resistance to rifampin may develop rapidly, its widespread use could result in the emergence of a resistant flora. This study evaluates the effectiveness of rifampin in reducing the nasal carriage of S. aureus and the rate at which resistant mutants emerge in a tuberculosis hospital where the drug was widely used. Anterior nares cultures were performed four times over a 13-month period. Carriage rates of S. aureus were 1.7% in 227 patients receiving rifampin, 7.8% in 190 patients receiving other antituberculous therapy, and 14.2% in 98 hospital employees (rifampin-treated versus other patients, P < 0.003; rifampin-treated versus employees, P < 0.001; employees versus other patients, P = 0.157). All four strains of S. aureus isolated from patients on rifampin therapy were rifampin resistant. All 16 strains isolated from patients not on rifampin and 15 of 16 strains isolated from hospital personnel were susceptible. One instance of apparent spread of a rifampin-resistant organism occurred in a hospital attendant who had never received rifampin.
journal_name
Antimicrob Agents Chemotherjournal_title
Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapyauthors
Sande MA,Mandell GLdoi
10.1128/aac.7.3.294subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1975-03-01 00:00:00pages
294-7issue
3eissn
0066-4804issn
1098-6596journal_volume
7pub_type
杂志文章abstract::Desbutyl-benflumetol (DBB) is a novel antimalarial compound closely related to benflumetol (lumefantrine), of which it is a putative metabolite. The in vitro response of Plasmodium falciparum to DBB was studied in Mae Hong Son and Mae Sot, in northwest Thailand, in 1997 and 1998. In total, 155 fresh isolates were succ...
journal_title:Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AAC.45.7.2106-2109.2001
更新日期:2001-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::The "HACEK" organisms are a group of fastidious Gram-negative bacteria that cause a variety of infections, including infective endocarditis. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing is not universally available, and therapy for these infections is often empirical. We report the antimicrobial susceptibilities of 70 clinica...
journal_title:Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AAC.00111-13
更新日期:2013-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::The multiple-dose pharmacokinetics of amoxicillin (AM [administered twice daily in a 25-mg/kg of body weight intravenous dose]) in 17 preterm infants (11 males; gestational age, 29 +/- 1.9 weeks; birth weight, 1,175 +/- 278 g) were evaluated on day 3 of life. Blood samples were collected from an arterial catheter at 0...
journal_title:Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/aac.39.2.431
更新日期:1995-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Intermittent preventive treatment in infants with sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine (IPTi-SP) reduces malaria episodes by 20 to 59% across Africa. This protective efficacy, however, may be affected by the high frequency of malnutrition in African infants. We analyzed the impact of malnutrition as defined by anthropometry on t...
journal_title:Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1128/AAC.01723-08
更新日期:2009-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::The in vitro activities of eight antifungal drugs against clinical isolates of Fonsecaea pedrosoi (n = 21), Fonsecaea monophora (n = 25), and Fonsecaea nubica (n = 9) were tested. The resulting MIC(90)s for all strains (n = 55) were as follows, in increasing order: posaconazole, 0.063 microg/ml; itraconazole, 0.125 mi...
journal_title:Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AAC.01655-09
更新日期:2010-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::The in vitro susceptibilities of 266 isolates of Streptococcus agalactiae determined by the agar dilution method showed that 6% of isolates were nonsusceptible to penicillin and 46% was resistant to erythromycin. Of the erythromycin-resistant isolates, 86.3% had the macrolide-lincosamide-streptogramin (MLS) resistance...
journal_title:Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AAC.45.11.3205-3208.2001
更新日期:2001-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::The capacity for intracellular growth is an important survival strategy for a large group of common pathogens. Helicobacter pylori, the etiological agent for gastritis and duodenal ulcer, has been shown by both in vivo and in vitro studies to have the capacity to invade epithelial cells. In vitro models are used to st...
journal_title:Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AAC.40.12.2727
更新日期:1996-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::In determining the quality control limits for the Clinical Laboratory Standards Institute-recommended quality control organisms with tigecycline, a number of inconsistencies in the results were encountered that appeared to be related to the age of the Mueller-Hinton broth II. This study was performed to examine the ef...
journal_title:Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AAC.49.9.3910-3918.2005
更新日期:2005-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::In this study, a chromosomally encoded putative drug efflux pump of the SMR family, named AbeS, from a multidrug-resistant strain of Acinetobacter baumannii was characterized to elucidate its role in antimicrobial resistance. Expression of the cloned abeS gene in hypersensitive Escherichia coli host KAM32 resulted in ...
journal_title:Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AAC.00748-09
更新日期:2009-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Genome studies suggest that DNA gyrase is the sole type II topoisomerase and likely the unique target of quinolones in Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Despite the emerging importance of quinolones in the treatment of mycobacterial disease, the slow growth and high pathogenicity of M. tuberculosis have precluded direct pur...
journal_title:Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/aac.48.4.1281-1288.2004
更新日期:2004-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::The objective of this study is to evaluate the results of single-day doxycycline therapy for Mediterranean spotted fever (MSF). This is a prospective cohort study of cases with confirmed MSF treated with the single-day doxycycline regimen in a teaching hospital from 1990 to 2015. Patients received two oral doses of 20...
journal_title:Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AAC.00978-18
更新日期:2018-10-24 00:00:00
abstract::Carbapenem resistance in Gram-negative bacteria is on the rise in the United States. A regional network was established to study microbiological and genetic determinants of clinical outcomes in hospitalized patients with carbapenem-resistant (CR) Klebsiella pneumoniae in a prospective, multicenter, observational study...
journal_title:Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AAC.02636-14
更新日期:2014-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::A disk bioassay for determining clindamycin serum levels is presented. This method is rapid (results available in 6.0 to 6.5 h), reliable, and simple to perform. ...
journal_title:Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/aac.5.5.458
更新日期:1974-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::A structurally diverse library of 93 lipophilic di- and tricyclic diaminopyrimidine derivatives was tested for the ability to inhibit recombinant dihydrofolate reductase (DHFR) cloned from human and bovine isolates of Cryptosporidium parvum (J. R. Vásquez et al., Mol. Biochem. Parasitol. 79:153-165, 1996). In parallel...
journal_title:Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AAC.45.12.3293-3303.2001
更新日期:2001-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::The anti-human immunodeficiency virus type I (anti-HIV-1) effects of gamma-glutamylcysteine ethyl ester (gamma-GCE; TEI-2306) were examined in vitro. In initial studies using a vigorously HIV-1-producing human T-lymphocytic cell line, gamma-GCE displayed a novel biphasic repressive effect on chronic HIV-1 infection th...
journal_title:Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AAC.42.5.1200
更新日期:1998-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Twelve healthy volunteers participated in this randomized crossover study to compare the concentrations and recovery levels of fleroxacin and pefloxacin in urine and to assess their bactericidal activities against 12 strains of urinary pathogens with different susceptibilities over a wide range of MICs. The volunteers...
journal_title:Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1128/AAC.42.7.1659
更新日期:1998-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Of the 176 randomly selected, commensal, gram-negative bacteria isolated from healthy children with low exposure to antibiotics, 138 (78%) carried one or more of the seven macrolide resistance genes tested in this study. These isolates included 79 (91%) isolates from the oral cavity and 59 (66%) isolates from urine sa...
journal_title:Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AAC.48.9.3451-3456.2004
更新日期:2004-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Two of the most common causes of inflammatory enteritis are Campylobacter fetus subsp. jejuni and Shigella species. No single antimicrobial agent is recommended for treatment of both diseases. Erythromycin is used to treat C. fetus subsp. jejuni infections but has not been studied in shigellosis. For this reason, we d...
journal_title:Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/aac.21.2.347
更新日期:1982-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::The association of an IS440-sul3 platform with Tn21 class 1 integrons carried by IncI1 plasmids encoding extended-spectrum β-lactamases (ESBLs; mainly SHV-12 and CTX-M-14) among worldwide Escherichia coli clones of phylogroups A (ST10, ST23, and ST46), B1 (ST155, ST351, and ST359), and D/B2 (ST131) is reported. An in ...
journal_title:Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AAC.01448-10
更新日期:2011-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::The 4,6-disubstituted 2-deoxystreptamines interfere with protein biosynthesis by specifically targeting the ribosomal A site. These drugs show subtle variations in the chemical groups of rings I, II, and III. In the present study we used site-directed mutagenesis to generate mutant strains of Mycobacterium smegmatis m...
journal_title:Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AAC.49.12.5112-5118.2005
更新日期:2005-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Ribonucleic acid (RNA) synthesis in the sorbitol-dependent, fragile yeast mutant VY1160 (Venkov et al., 1974) is rapidly inhibited by rifampin. The growth of the mutant cells and protein synthesis are more slowly affected by the antibiotic, apparently as secondary phenomena. Lower doses of rifampin (50 to 100 mug/ml) ...
journal_title:Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/aac.8.6.627
更新日期:1975-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Hypocrellins A and B were evaluated for in vitro antimicrobial and antileishmanial activities. Hypocrellin A exhibited promising activity against Candida albicans and moderate activity against Staphylococcus aureus, methicillin-resistant S. aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Mycobacterium intracellulare. Hypocrellin ...
journal_title:Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AAC.48.11.4450-4452.2004
更新日期:2004-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Despite the documented benefit of voriconazole therapeutic drug monitoring, nonlinear pharmacokinetics make the timing of steady-state trough sampling and appropriate dose adjustments unpredictable by conventional methods. We developed a nonparametric population model with data from 141 previously richly sampled child...
journal_title:Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AAC.00032-15
更新日期:2015-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::LpxC [UDP-3-O-(R-3-hydroxymyristoyl)-GlcNAc deacetylase] is a metalloamidase that catalyzes the first committed step in the biosynthesis of the lipid A component of lipopolysaccharide. A previous study (H. R. Onishi, B. A. Pelak, L. S. Gerckens, L. L. Silver, F. M. Kahan, M. H. Chen, A. A. Patchett, S. M. Galloway, S....
journal_title:Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AAC.00140-06
更新日期:2006-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::We investigated the contribution of multidrug resistance-associated protein 2 (MRP2) to the secretory transport of grepafloxacin and compared its functional role with that of P-glycoprotein (P-gp) by using Sprague-Dawley rats (SDRs) and Eisai hyperbilirubinemic rats (EHBRs), in which MRP2 is hereditarily defective. In...
journal_title:Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/aac.46.2.344-349.2002
更新日期:2002-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::In a hospital-based, prospective cohort study, the effects of the three standard treatment regimens for mild Clostridium difficile infection (CDI), oral (p.o.) metronidazole at 500 mg three times/day, intravenous (i.v.) metronidazole at 500 mg three times/day, and oral (p.o.) vancomycin at 250 mg four times/day, were ...
journal_title:Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AAC.05647-11
更新日期:2012-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Trimethoprim resistance dihydrofolate reductase genes from plasmids known to be exchanging between human and animal populations were mapped. The dihydrofolate reductase gene has been highly conserved in all plasmids, but differences in the flanking regions provide evidence that the most recent exchange of plasmids bet...
journal_title:Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/aac.31.9.1440
更新日期:1987-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::The candidacidal activity of nitric oxide (NO) as delivered by a class of compounds termed diazeniumdiolates has been investigated. Diazeniumdiolates are stable agents capable of releasing NO in a biologically usable form at a predicted rate, and three such compounds were examined for activity. One compound, (Z)-1-[N-...
journal_title:Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AAC.42.9.2342
更新日期:1998-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::We determined the nucleotide sequence of a 6-kb DNA region harboring the recF, orf192, gyrB, and gyrA genes from Mycobacterium smegmatis mc(2)155. The amino acid sequences deduced from gyrA and gyrB displayed 89 and 86% identity, respectively, with the DNA gyrase from Mycobacterium tuberculosis, and 67 and 65% identit...
journal_title:Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AAC.40.9.2054
更新日期:1996-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Antagonism of antibiotic activity by peritoneal dialysate has been postulated to be a cause of failure of treatment of peritonitis complicating continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis. We evaluated by a case-control study whether unexpected treatment failure could be attributed to such antagonism. Bacteria isolated ...
journal_title:Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/aac.36.5.1097
更新日期:1992-05-01 00:00:00