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A brief period of moderate noxious stimulation induces hemorrhage and impairs locomotor recovery after spinal cord injury.

Abstract：

:Spinal cord injury (SCI) is often accompanied by additional tissue damage (polytrauma) that provides a source of pain input. Our studies suggest that this pain input may be detrimental to long-term recovery. In a rodent model, we have shown that engaging pain (nociceptive) fibers caudal to a lower thoracic contusion SCI impairs recovery of locomotor function and increases tissue loss (secondary injury) and hemorrhage at the site of injury. In these studies, nociceptive fibers were activated using intermittent electrical stimulation. The stimulation parameters were derived from earlier studies demonstrating that 6 min of noxious stimulation, at an intensity (1.5 mA) that engages unmyelinated C (pain) fibers, induces a form of maladaptive plasticity within the lumbosacral spinal cord. We hypothesized that both shorter bouts of nociceptive input and lower intensities of stimulation will decrease locomotor function and increase spinal cord hemorrhage when rats have a spinal cord contusion. To test this, the present study exposed rats to electrical stimulation 24 h after a moderate lower thoracic contusion SCI. One group of rats received 1.5 mA stimulation for 0, 14.4, 72, or 180 s. Another group received six minutes of stimulation at 0, 0.17, 0.5, and 1.5 mA. Just 72 s of stimulation induced an acute disruption in motor performance, increased hemorrhage, and undermined the recovery of locomotor function. Likewise, less intense (0.5 mA) stimulation produced an acute disruption in motor performance, fueled hemorrhage, and impaired long-term recovery. The results imply that a brief period of moderate pain input can trigger hemorrhage after SCI and undermine long-term recovery. This highlights the importance of managing nociceptive signals after concurrent peripheral and central nervous system injuries.

journal_name

Physiol Behav

journal_title

Physiology & behavior

authors

Strain MM,Hook MA,Reynolds JD,Huang YJ,Henwood MK,Grau JW

doi

10.1016/j.physbeh.2019.112695

subject

Has Abstract

pub_date

2019-12-01 00:00:00

pages

112695

eissn

0031-9384

issn

1873-507X

pii

S0031-9384(19)30518-9

journal_volume

212

pub_type

杂志文章

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A brief period of moderate noxious stimulation induces hemorrhage and impairs locomotor recovery after spinal cord injury.