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Weight loss after bariatric surgery normalizes brain opioid receptors in morbid obesity.

Abstract：

:Positron emission tomography (PET) studies suggest opioidergic system dysfunction in morbid obesity, while evidence for the role of the dopaminergic system is less consistent. Whether opioid dysfunction represents a state or trait in obesity remains unresolved, but could be assessed in obese subjects undergoing weight loss. Here we measured brain μ-opioid receptor (MOR) and dopamine D2 receptor (D2R) availability in 16 morbidly obese women twice-before and 6 months after bariatric surgery-using PET with [(11)C]carfentanil and [(11)C]raclopride. Data were compared with those from 14 lean control subjects. Receptor-binding potentials (BPND) were compared between the groups and between the pre- and postoperative scans among the obese subjects. Brain MOR availability was initially lower among obese subjects, but weight loss (mean=26.1 kg, s.d.=7.6 kg) reversed this and resulted in ~23% higher MOR availability in the postoperative versus preoperative scan. Changes were observed in areas implicated in reward processing, including ventral striatum, insula, amygdala and thalamus (P's<0.005). Weight loss did not influence D2R availability in any brain region. Taken together, the endogenous opioid system plays an important role in the pathophysiology of human obesity. Because bariatric surgery and concomitant weight loss recover downregulated MOR availability, lowered MOR availability is associated with an obese phenotype and may mediate excessive energy uptake. Our results highlight that understanding the opioidergic contribution to overeating is critical for developing new treatments for obesity.

journal_name

Mol Psychiatry

journal_title

Molecular psychiatry

authors

Karlsson HK,Tuulari JJ,Tuominen L,Hirvonen J,Honka H,Parkkola R,Helin S,Salminen P,Nuutila P,Nummenmaa L

doi

10.1038/mp.2015.153

subject

Has Abstract

pub_date

2016-08-01 00:00:00

pages

1057-62

issue

8

eissn

1359-4184

issn

1476-5578

pii

mp2015153

journal_volume

21

pub_type

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