Single dose epidural hydromorphone in labour pain: maternal pharmacokinetics and neonatal exposure.

Abstract:

INTRODUCTION:Epidural hydromorphone could be useful in obstetric analgesia as there is a need for a more water-soluble opioid than sufentanil or fentanyl with prolonged analgesic effect. To our knowledge, the pharmacokinetics of epidural hydromorphone has not been evaluated in parturients. MATERIALS AND METHODS:In this pilot study, seven healthy parturients were given a single epidural dose of hydromorphone for labour pain. One parturient received 1.5 mg, two 0.75 mg and four 0.5 mg of hydromorphone hydrochloride. Dose was decreased due to nausea and pruritus. Hydromorphone's effect, adverse effects and plasma concentrations were evaluated. Neonatal drug exposure was evaluated by umbilical vein and artery opioid concentration at birth. Neonatal outcomes were assessed using Apgar and the Neurologic Adaptive Capacity Score (NACS). RESULTS:All patients received additional levobupivacaine doses on parturients' requests. The first dose was requested at a median of 163 min (range 19-303 min) after hydromorphone administration. A total of 12 opioid related expected adverse events were reported by seven parturients. All newborn outcomes were uneventful. Hydromorphone's distribution and elimination after single epidural dose seem similar to that reported for non-pregnant subjects after intravenous hydromorphone administration, but further research is required to confirm this observation. CONCLUSIONS:The optimal dose of hydromorphone in labour pain warrants further evaluation.

journal_name

Eur J Clin Pharmacol

authors

Puhto T,Kokki M,Hakomäki H,Spalding M,Gunnar T,Alahuhta S,Vakkala M

doi

10.1007/s00228-020-02880-6

subject

Has Abstract

pub_date

2020-07-01 00:00:00

pages

969-977

issue

7

eissn

0031-6970

issn

1432-1041

pii

10.1007/s00228-020-02880-6

journal_volume

76

pub_type

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