Abstract：
:Over the last decade there has been an explosion of new drugs of abuse, so called legal highs or novel psychoactive substances (NPS). Many of these abused drugs have unknown pharmacology, but their biological effects can be anticipated from their molecular structure and possibly also from online user reports. When considered with the findings that some prescription medications are increasingly abused and that some abused drugs have been tested clinically one could argue that there has been a blurring of the line between drugs of abuse and clinically used drugs. In this review we examine these legal highs/NPS and consider whether, based on their known or predicted pharmacology, some might have the potential to be clinically useful in CNS disorders.
journal_name
Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatryauthors
Davidson C,Schifano Fdoi
10.1016/j.pnpbp.2015.07.010subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2016-01-04 00:00:00pages
267-74eissn
0278-5846issn
1878-4216pii
S0278-5846(15)30018-Xjournal_volume
64pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract：:1. In vertebrates as in invertebrates, protein kinase C appears to have a key role in learning and memory, probably given its involvement in synaptic plasticity. 2. Hippocampal PKC in mammalians is activated by learning in a large variety of memory tasks. However, the kind of information processed, the type of task, a...
journal_title：Progress in neuro-psychopharmacology & biological psychiatry
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/s0278-5846(97)00015-8
更新日期：1997-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:1. A sample of 165 schizophrenic subjects was compared to a normal control group in order to evaluate associations between white matter hyperintensity signals and vascular risk factors. 2. A comprehensive medical chart review was completed on all subjects evaluating potential vascular risk factors. Brain MRI acquisiti...
journal_title：Progress in neuro-psychopharmacology & biological psychiatry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0278-5846(94)00102-n
更新日期：1995-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:1. Adrafmil is a novel vigilance promoting agent developed in France by Louis Lafon Laboratories. 2. Adrafinil causes increased locomotion without producing stereotypical activity in canines tested in an open field. 3. The effectiveness of a single treatment is long-lasting, and the effectiveness persists over repeate...
journal_title：Progress in neuro-psychopharmacology & biological psychiatry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0278-5846(00)00103-2
更新日期：2000-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:1. The great interest for new drugs having cognition enhancing properties is highlighted, particularly for the treatment of dementia of Alzheimer type. 2. A short survey is given of the pharmacological models currently used to mimic cognitive impairment. 3. A systematic survey is given of the major cognition enhancing...
journal_title：Progress in neuro-psychopharmacology & biological psychiatry
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/0278-5846(89)90111-5
更新日期：1989-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Heroin addicts can benefit from methadone substitution therapy. However, little is known about the significance of pre-exposure to opioids for psychoactive effects of methadone. We modeled some behavioral and neurobiological aspects of the opioid abuse-related phenomena in Sprague-Dawley rats, using morphine (10 mg/kg...
journal_title：Progress in neuro-psychopharmacology & biological psychiatry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.pnpbp.2009.05.015
更新日期：2009-08-31 00:00:00
abstract：:Extensive studies showed that monoaminergic neurotransmission that involves serotonin (5-HT), norepinephrine (NE) and dopamine (DA) exerts major influence on brain circuits concerned by the regulation of mood, reactivity to psychological stress, self-control, motivation, drive, and cognitive performance. Antidepressan...
journal_title：Progress in neuro-psychopharmacology & biological psychiatry
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.pnpbp.2013.04.009
更新日期：2013-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The current systematic review study is aimed at critically analyzing from a clinimetric viewpoint the clinical consequence of somatization in Parkinson's Disease (PD). By focusing on the International Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines, we conducted a comprehensive e...
journal_title：Progress in neuro-psychopharmacology & biological psychiatry
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.pnpbp.2017.05.011
更新日期：2017-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Previous observations of the pathophysiological distribution and pharmacological profile of the chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 2 (CCL2) have indicated its potential role in antipsychotic drug actions. More information on the pharmacogenetics of CCL2 may therefore be useful in developing individualized therapy. However, ...
journal_title：Progress in neuro-psychopharmacology & biological psychiatry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.pnpbp.2014.01.017
更新日期：2014-06-03 00:00:00
abstract：:1. In extensively washed synaptic membrane preparations from rat prefrontal cortex, the "in vitro" addition of either the D1 (SKF 38393) or the D2 (LY 171555) specific agonists markedly decreased the apparent affinity of the NMDA receptor antagonist [3H]-MK801 specific binding. In the same membrane preparation, the co...
journal_title：Progress in neuro-psychopharmacology & biological psychiatry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0278-5846(96)00039-5
更新日期：1996-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Using a newly developed regional homogeneity (ReHo) approach, we were to explore the features of brain activity in patients with treatment-resistant depression (TRD) in resting state, and further to examine the relationship between abnormal brain activity in TRD patients and specific symptom factors derived ...
journal_title：Progress in neuro-psychopharmacology & biological psychiatry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.pnpbp.2011.02.006
更新日期：2011-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:Genetic factors play a critical role in the etiology of bipolar disorder (BPAD). Previous studies suggested an association between thyroid dysfunction and BPAD. We hypothesize that genetic variations in the type II deiodinase (DIO2) gene that possibly alter the bioactivity of thyroid hormones are associated w...
journal_title：Progress in neuro-psychopharmacology & biological psychiatry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.pnpbp.2009.05.003
更新日期：2009-08-31 00:00:00
abstract：:Neuropsychological deficits, such as poor episodic memory, are consistent features of mild cognitive impairment and also that of early stage of dementia. The aim of the present study was to detect cognitive dysfunction among patients with Alzheimer's disease or with mild cognitive impairment (MCI), which refers to a t...
journal_title：Progress in neuro-psychopharmacology & biological psychiatry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.pnpbp.2007.01.011
更新日期：2007-04-13 00:00:00
abstract：:As persons with Down's syndrome (DS) age into the third decade and beyond, they develop Alzheimer's disease (AD)-like histopathological changes in brain and may manifest progressive worsening of adaptive functions. Increasingly, persons with DS have near-normal to normal life spans; thus, it has become a therapeutic i...
journal_title：Progress in neuro-psychopharmacology & biological psychiatry
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.pnpbp.2014.05.011
更新日期：2014-10-03 00:00:00
abstract：:In the preset study, the authors investigated that effects of the antipsychotic drug risperidone on psychotic depression and examined the mechanism of risperidone to ameliorate psychotic depression. Fifteen patients met the DSM-IV criteria for major depressive disorder with psychotic features and the remaining five pa...
journal_title：Progress in neuro-psychopharmacology & biological psychiatry
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.pnpbp.2006.01.016
更新日期：2006-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Depression is a serious and potentially life-threatening mental disorder with unknown etiology. Emerging evidence shows that brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and microRNAs (miRNAs) play critical roles in the etiology of depression. However, the molecular mechanisms are not fully understood. Expression of miR-1...
journal_title：Progress in neuro-psychopharmacology & biological psychiatry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.pnpbp.2015.09.004
更新日期：2016-02-04 00:00:00
abstract：:Disturbed glutamatergic neurotransmission has become recognized as a key component in the pathophysiology of schizophrenia. The change in serum/plasma glutamate with the use of antipsychotic medication has been studied and may be a possible clinical marker. In the present study, we examined plasma glutamate concentrat...
journal_title：Progress in neuro-psychopharmacology & biological psychiatry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.pnpbp.2007.06.009
更新日期：2007-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:It is well known that an elevated percentage of ecstasy users also consume cocaine. Recently, it has been reported that a high frequency of heroin smokers first consumed heroin under the effects of ecstasy with the hope of reducing the stimulant effects of the latter drug. The aim of the present study was to evaluate ...
journal_title：Progress in neuro-psychopharmacology & biological psychiatry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.pnpbp.2007.11.017
更新日期：2008-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Motor symptoms including neurological soft signs have been found to be more prevalent in schizophrenic patients. In addition, catatonic symptoms and neuroleptic treatment as well may influence cortical and subcortical motor organization in schizophrenia. The results of previous neuroimaging studies exploring motor fun...
journal_title：Progress in neuro-psychopharmacology & biological psychiatry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0278-5846(01)00271-8
更新日期：2002-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Abnormal vasopressin (VP) and oxytocin (OT) signaling may contribute to the altered activity of the hypothalamo-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis in major depression; however, the underlying mechanisms remain uncertain. This study characterized plasma levels and affinities of OT- and VP-reactive autoantibodies (a...
journal_title：Progress in neuro-psychopharmacology & biological psychiatry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.pnpbp.2010.09.021
更新日期：2011-01-15 00:00:00
abstract：:Adiponectin is an adipocyte-specific secretory protein that circulates in serum as three oligomeric complexes known as the high, medium and low molecular weight form (HMW, MMW and LMW). HMW adiponectin has been suggested to be a better predictor of metabolic variables, and it was recently reported that the ratio of HM...
journal_title：Progress in neuro-psychopharmacology & biological psychiatry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.pnpbp.2007.07.022
更新日期：2008-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Previous studies concerning the association between the 5,10-methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) C677T gene polymorphism and depression have provided inconclusive findings. A meta-analysis was therefore performed to investigate a more reliable estimate. METHODS:This meta-analysis recruited 26 publis...
journal_title：Progress in neuro-psychopharmacology & biological psychiatry
pub_type： 杂志文章,meta分析
doi：10.1016/j.pnpbp.2013.06.015
更新日期：2013-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:1. A randomized, placebo controlled, double-blind cross-over study was conducted to evaluate the clinical efficacy of the anticholinergic agent, benztropine mesylate (CogentinR) in 29 patients with mild to moderate, idiopathic Parkinson disease. 2. Patients were maintained on a stable, therapeutically optimal dosage a...
journal_title：Progress in neuro-psychopharmacology & biological psychiatry
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi：10.1016/s0364-7722(82)80107-0
更新日期：1982-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:This study aimed to clarify the relationship between the APOE alleles and depressive symptoms of older adults, considering individual characteristics and the effect of neighborhood environment. METHODS:Using a multilevel, stratified sampling strategy, 500 elders were recruited from official household records...
journal_title：Progress in neuro-psychopharmacology & biological psychiatry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.pnpbp.2007.09.023
更新日期：2008-02-15 00:00:00
abstract：:Neurocardiac dysregulation has been reported in schizophrenia. Indices of heart rate variability (HRV) are useful in assessing the status of cardiac autonomic regulation. We explored within-subject changes in HRV indices in acutely ill patients with schizophrenia treated with risperidone. Sixteen medication-naïve or m...
journal_title：Progress in neuro-psychopharmacology & biological psychiatry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.pnpbp.2010.04.017
更新日期：2010-08-16 00:00:00
abstract：:1. The authors examined the effect of acute alcohol consumption on a set of visual tasks: visual short term memory, depth perception, and attention. 2. In a repeated measurement design, thirteen subjects performed the tasks once sober and once intoxicated with 0.8 g/kg body weight pure ethanol in orange juice (33% alc...
journal_title：Progress in neuro-psychopharmacology & biological psychiatry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0278-5846(99)00009-3
更新日期：1999-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:To date, no study has examined the pituitary volumes in patients with hypochondriasis. In the present study, we evaluated pituitary volumes in patients with hypochondriasis and healthy controls. Twenty individuals with hypochondriasis (ten males, ten females), aged 20 to 48 years, and healthy controls were included in...
journal_title：Progress in neuro-psychopharmacology & biological psychiatry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.pnpbp.2009.12.012
更新日期：2010-03-17 00:00:00
abstract：:A system is described for avoidance conditioning of the budgerigar (Melopsittacus undulatus), for sound patterns consisting of one or two sequential subunits and to discriminate between two closely resembling sounds. Electric shock was used as the unconditioned stimulus. Simple conditioning was accomplished in about 3...
journal_title：Progress in neuro-psychopharmacology & biological psychiatry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0278-5846(86)90039-4
更新日期：1986-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Stress seems to be an important risk factor in the beginning and continuing stages of cigarette tobacco smoking in humans. Considering that both of nicotine administration and stress exposure affect cognitive functions including memory formation, the aim of the present study was 1) to evaluate the effect of subcutaneo...
journal_title：Progress in neuro-psychopharmacology & biological psychiatry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.pnpbp.2018.05.008
更新日期：2018-08-30 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Patients with remitted major depressive disorder (rMDD) generally rely on maladaptive coping strategies for stressful situations. These maladaptive copings are associated with an elevated relapse risk of rMDD; however, their neural basis remains poorly understood. METHODS:We enrolled (1) 45 patients with rM...
journal_title：Progress in neuro-psychopharmacology & biological psychiatry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.pnpbp.2020.110085
更新日期：2020-09-02 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Mood disorders are particularly common, disabling conditions. Diagnosis can be difficult as it may involve different pathophysiological assumptions. This could explain why such disorders are resistant to treatment. The retina is part of the central nervous system and shares a common embryonic origin with the...
journal_title：Progress in neuro-psychopharmacology & biological psychiatry
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.pnpbp.2020.110080
更新日期：2020-08-19 00:00:00
