Abstract:
:The sex chromosomes in Sauropsida (reptiles and birds) have evolved independently many times. They show astonishing diversity in morphology ranging from cryptic to highly differentiated sex chromosomes with male (XX/XY) and female heterogamety (ZZ/ZW). Comparing such diverse sex chromosome systems thus provides unparalleled opportunities to capture evolution of morphologically differentiated sex chromosomes in action. Here, we describe chromosomal mapping of 18 microsatellite repeat motifs in eight species of Sauropsida. More than two microsatellite repeat motifs were amplified on the sex-specific chromosome, W or Y, in five species (Bassiana duperreyi, Aprasia parapulchella, Notechis scutatus, Chelodina longicollis, and Gallus gallus) of which the sex-specific chromosomes were heteromorphic and heterochromatic. Motifs (AAGG)n and (ATCC)n were amplified on the W chromosome of Pogona vitticeps and the Y chromosome of Emydura macquarii, respectively. By contrast, no motifs were amplified on the W chromosome of Christinus marmoratus, which is not much differentiated from the Z chromosome. Taken together with previously published studies, our results suggest that the amplification of microsatellite repeats is tightly associated with the differentiation and heterochromatinization of sex-specific chromosomes in sauropsids as well as in other taxa. Although some motifs were common between the sex-specific chromosomes of multiple species, no correlation was observed between this commonality and the species phylogeny. Furthermore, comparative analysis of sex chromosome homology and chromosomal distribution of microsatellite repeats between two closely related chelid turtles, C. longicollis and E. macquarii, identified different ancestry and differentiation history. These suggest multiple evolutions of sex chromosomes in the Sauropsida.
journal_name
Chromosomajournal_title
Chromosomaauthors
Matsubara K,O'Meally D,Azad B,Georges A,Sarre SD,Graves JA,Matsuda Y,Ezaz Tdoi
10.1007/s00412-015-0531-zsubject
Has Abstractpub_date
2016-03-01 00:00:00pages
111-23issue
1eissn
0009-5915issn
1432-0886pii
10.1007/s00412-015-0531-zjournal_volume
125pub_type
杂志文章相关文献
CHROMOSOMA文献大全abstract::In mammals, paternal and maternal pronuclei undergo profound chromatin reorganisation upon fertilisation. How these events are orchestrated within centromeric regions to ensure proper chromosome segregation in the following cellular divisions is unknown. In this study, we followed the dynamic unfolding of the centrome...
journal_title:Chromosoma
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00412-007-0106-8
更新日期:2007-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::We describe a method of mapping genes or transcripts on polytene chromosomes by transmission electron microscopy. We present several applications which illustrate that, in favorable cases, the method has a resolution of ca. 10 kg, and that high resolution mapping of hybridization sites relative to bands and puffs can ...
journal_title:Chromosoma
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00293158
更新日期:1985-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Insulator proteins orchestrate the three-dimensional organization of the genome. Insulators function by facilitating communications between regulatory sequences and gene promoters, allowing accurate gene transcription regulation during embryo development and cell differentiation. However, the role of insulator protein...
journal_title:Chromosoma
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00412-020-00743-8
更新日期:2020-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Aedes aegypti spermatocytes were reconstructed from electron micrographs. The species has tight somatic pairing of the chromosomes, and there are therefore no classical leptotene and zygotene stages, but rather a gradual transition from somatic pairing to meiotic pairing (= pachytene). The term "prepachytene" has been...
journal_title:Chromosoma
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00329808
更新日期:1985-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::A plant carrying a small extra chromosome was found in Landsberg erecta ecotype of Arabidopsis thaliana. Fluorescence in situ hybridization revealed that this minichromosome was derived from the short arm of chromosome 4. The size of this "mini4S" chromosome was estimated to be approximately 7.5 Mb on the basis of pre...
journal_title:Chromosoma
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00412-005-0045-1
更新日期:2006-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Studies performed on human trisomic 21 oocytes have revealed that during meiosis, the three homologues 21 synapse and, in some cases, achieve what looks like a trivalent. This implies that meiotic recombination takes place among the three homologous chromosomes 21, and to some extent, crossovers form between them. To ...
journal_title:Chromosoma
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00412-012-0394-5
更新日期:2013-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Three new 18S.26S rRNA gene loci were identified in common wheat by sequential N-banding and in situ hybridization (ISH) analysis. Locus Nor-A7 is located at the terminal area of the long arm of 5A in both diploid and polyploid wheats. Locus Nor-B6 is located in N-band 1BL2.5 of the long arm of chromosome 1B in Tritic...
journal_title:Chromosoma
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00368010
更新日期:1994-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Chromosome behaviour during meiosis in male Syrian hamsters heterozygous for one of three translocations was analysed as part of a study of the transmission of these structural changes. Synapsis was studied using preparations of synaptonemal complexes, and chiasmate associations and the results of anaphase I segregati...
journal_title:Chromosoma
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00327317
更新日期:1989-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Mitomycin C-induced sister chromatic exchange and quadriradial formation were studied in chromosomes from Muntiacus muntjac fibroblasts and A9, a transformed mouse cell line. We present the first direct cytological evidence for the induction of true somatic recombination involving homologous chromosomes. Analysis of t...
journal_title:Chromosoma
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00293724
更新日期:1976-06-30 00:00:00
abstract::Macronuclear DNA of four hypotrichous and one holotrichous ciliate species was characterized by biochemical techniques. The renaturation kinetics of the macronuclear DNAs of all five species were similar. Repetitive sequences occur only in an amount below 2%. Although the DNA content of the macronuclei of the species ...
journal_title:Chromosoma
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00286789
更新日期:1981-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Four different inversion heterozygotes of maize were examined for the occurrence of synaptic adjustment. Three substages of pachytene were identified in synaptonemal complex (SC) spreads using side-by-side comparisons of chromosome squashes with two-dimensional spreads of SCs. In SC spreads, inversion loop frequency d...
journal_title:Chromosoma
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00286917
更新日期:1988-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The zebra finch (Taeniopygia guttata) has a large Z chromosome and highly condensed W chromosome. We used the random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) polymerase chain reaction (PCR) technique to isolate female-specific sequences ZBM1 and ZBM2. Southern blot hybridization to male and female zebra finch genomic DNA sugg...
journal_title:Chromosoma
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00412-007-0130-8
更新日期:2008-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Changes in the nuclear positioning of specific genes, depending on their expression status, have been observed in a large diversity of physiological processes. However, gene position is poorly documented for immune cells which have been subjected to activation following bacterial infection. Using a pig model, we focus...
journal_title:Chromosoma
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00412-011-0328-7
更新日期:2011-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::The polypurine/polypyrimidine (PuPy) tracts present in the human genome are known to be scattered among and within chromosomes. In PuPy tract sequences, triplex formation occurs readily under physiological conditions, leaving single-stranded DNAs capable of hybridization with complementary single-stranded DNAs and RNA...
journal_title:Chromosoma
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00412-002-0198-0
更新日期:2002-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::In most multicellular eukaryotes, synapsis [synaptonemal complex (SC) formation] between pairs of homologous chromosomes during prophase I of meiosis is closely linked with crossing over. Asynaptic mutants in plants have reduced synapsis and increased univalent frequency, often resulting in genetically unbalanced game...
journal_title:Chromosoma
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00412-012-0363-z
更新日期:2012-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Mutation of the telomeric repeat sequence has severe cellular consequences in a variety of systems. A Tetrahymena thermophila telomerase template mutant, ter1-43AA, displays an acute mitotic chromosome segregation defect. In the study described here we investigated the molecular basis for this lethality. Although clon...
journal_title:Chromosoma
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00412-003-0233-9
更新日期:2003-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Knowledge about the composition and structure of centromeres is critical for understanding how centromeres perform their functional roles. Here, we report the sequences of one centromere-associated bacterial artificial chromosome clone from a Coix lacryma-jobi library. Two Ty3/gypsy-class retrotransposons, centromeric...
journal_title:Chromosoma
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00412-009-0239-z
更新日期:2010-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Regulation of DNA replication is critical, and loss of control can lead to DNA amplification. Naturally occurring, developmentally regulated DNA amplification occurs in the DNA puffs of the late larval salivary gland giant polytene chromosomes in the fungus fly, Sciara coprophila. The steroid hormone ecdysone induces ...
journal_title:Chromosoma
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00412-012-0395-4
更新日期:2013-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::We studied the stability of the genomic distribution of six retrotransposon families in long-term and short-term cultures of Drosophila cells. In a subclone derived from Kc cells, no significant rearrangements were detected over an 8 year period. On the contrary, extensive reshuffling and amplification of transposon f...
journal_title:Chromosoma
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00292963
更新日期:1988-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::We sought for cloned sequences of middle repetitive (MR) complexity that mark obligatory heterochromatic regions. Total genome probes were employed in a differential screening procedure to recover X-specific, Y-specific and autosomal specific heterochromatic sequences. X-and Y-linked sequences were recovered in the sa...
journal_title:Chromosoma
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00330119
更新日期:1982-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Very few of the middle repetitive DNA sequences found in Drosophila melanogaster are present in all of the species of the D. melanogaster subgroup. One member of the subgroup, D. erecta, lacks most of the families of repetitive elements from D. melanogaster (including copia and 412) but possesses many other families n...
journal_title:Chromosoma
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00327329
更新日期:1983-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::In Drosophila gibberosa, differences between midgut and salivary gland chromosomes fall into two categories: tissue-specific band modulations which persist throughout the 90 h developmental period that we studied and tissue-specific puffs. Puffs that are common to both tissues tend to appear earlier in the midgut. Som...
journal_title:Chromosoma
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00292969
更新日期:1988-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::The mean DNA content of G2 macronuclei varies during the life cycle of the ciliate Tetrahymena thermophila. Early in the life cycle the mean is about 130 C; later it is about 94 C. In hybrids between strains A and B the decrease from 130 C to 94 C usually began after 60 fissions after conjugation. In B X B clones the ...
journal_title:Chromosoma
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00327377
更新日期:1978-10-20 00:00:00
abstract::Macronuclear DNA was isolated from Paramecium primaurelia, stock 168. Although the macronucleus is polyploid to the extent of 840C, in other respect the DNA appears to be simply organized, having neither satellite sequences nor substantial amounts of intermediately repetitive sequence. The sequence complexity of macro...
journal_title:Chromosoma
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00328389
更新日期:1980-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Microspore culture stimulates immature pollen grains to develop into plants via tissue culture and is used routinely in many crop species to produce "doubled haploids": homozygous, true-breeding lines. However, microspore culture is also often used on material that does not have stable meiosis, such as interspecific h...
journal_title:Chromosoma
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00412-019-00720-w
更新日期:2019-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Chromosome segregation in primary spermatocytes of the crane fly Nephrotoma suturalis was studied after exposure to Colcemid at doses that did not completely inhibit spindle formation. Colcemid was added either to the medium in which larvae were cultured or to Tricine buffer in which isolated testes were incubated. Pa...
journal_title:Chromosoma
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00291004
更新日期:1985-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Retroviruses have the ability to integrate into the genome of their host, in many cases with little apparent sequence or site specificity. However, relatively few studies have addressed more general features of chromosomal integration. In this study we directly visualized the chromosomal organization of three represen...
journal_title:Chromosoma
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00355364
更新日期:1991-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::The Bacillus subtilis phage phi 29 DNA polymerase, involved in protein-primed viral DNA replication, contains several amino acid consensus sequences common to other eukaryotic-type DNA polymerases. Using site-directed mutagenesis, we have studied the functional significance of a C-terminal conserved region, represente...
journal_title:Chromosoma
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF02451783
更新日期:1992-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Antibodies against human Rad51 protein were used to examine the distribution of Rad51 on meiotic chromatin in mouse spermatocytes and oocytes as well as chicken oocytes during sequential stages of meiosis. We observed the following dynamic changes in distribution of Rad51 during meiosis: (1) in early leptotene nuclei ...
journal_title:Chromosoma
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00352222
更新日期:1995-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::The sub-division of S-phase in Syrian hamsters, on the basis of Brd/U/Hoechst 33258/Giemsa banding, has allowed a quantitative comparison of the replication of individual chromosome bands within defined subphases of S. This analysis has shown that in hamsters, as has been reported in humans, there are distinct pattern...
journal_title:Chromosoma
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00286026
更新日期:1981-01-01 00:00:00