Abstract:
:Until recently, release studies have failed to indicate the existence of autoreceptors on motor nerves. Ignaz Wessler now reports on a refinement of the technique - the measurement of newly synthesized [3H]acetylcholine released from the phrenic nerve - which provides clear evidence in support of release-modulating autoreceptors. Presynaptic nicotinic receptors mediate a positive feedback mechanism, can rapidly be desensitized and appear to differ in their pharmacological profile from the postsynaptic receptors. In addition, inhibitory and facilitatory muscarinic receptors appear to be involved in the presynaptic control of transmitter release from the phrenic nerve.
journal_name
Trends Pharmacol Scijournal_title
Trends in pharmacological sciencesauthors
Wessler Idoi
10.1016/0165-6147(89)90208-3subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1989-03-01 00:00:00pages
110-4issue
3eissn
0165-6147issn
1873-3735pii
0165-6147(89)90208-3journal_volume
10pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract::Three 'alpha 1-adrenoceptors' and three 'alpha 2-adrenoceptors' have now been cloned. How closely do these receptors match the native receptors that have been identified pharmacologically? What are the properties of these receptors, and how do they relate to other members of the cationic amine receptor family? Kevin L...
journal_title:Trends in pharmacological sciences
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doi:10.1016/0165-6147(91)90499-i
更新日期:1991-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::In 1964, the psychoactive ingredient of Cannabis sativa, Δ(9)-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC), was isolated. Nearly 30 years later the endogenous counterparts of THC, collectively termed endocannabinoids (eCBs), were discovered: N-arachidonoylethanolamine (anandamide) (AEA) in 1992 and 2-arachidonoylglycerol (2-AG) in 1995...
journal_title:Trends in pharmacological sciences
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abstract::It is generally accepted that muscle wasting is caused by an increase in protein breakdown which seems to be associated with an ATP-dependent, non-lysosomal proteolytic system based on conjugation of proteins to the small polypeptide ubiquitin. Increases in ubiquitin conjugates and in ubiquitin mRNAs are found in the ...
journal_title:Trends in pharmacological sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/0165-6147(96)10021-3
更新日期:1996-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::The enzyme methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) directs folate species either to DNA synthesis or to homocysteine (Hcy) remethylation. The common MTHFR C677T polymorphism affects the activity of the enzyme and hence folate distribution. Under conditions of impaired folate status, the homozygous TT genotype has ...
journal_title:Trends in pharmacological sciences
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abstract::Neuromodulin is a neurospecific calmodulin binding protein that is implicated in neurite extension, axonal elongation and long-term potentiation. Yuechueng Liu and Daniel Storm propose that neuromodulin binds and concentrates calmodulin on growth cone membranes and that stimulation of protein kinase C releases high lo...
journal_title:Trends in pharmacological sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/0165-6147(90)90195-e
更新日期:1990-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Mechanisms of opioid tolerance have focused on adaptive modifications within cells containing opioid receptors, defined here as cellular allostasis, emphasizing regulation of the opioid receptor signalosome. We review additional regulatory and opponent processes involved in behavioral tolerance, and include mechanisti...
journal_title:Trends in pharmacological sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
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更新日期:2016-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Centrally acting drugs interfere with the function of central neurotransmitter systems. This often requires intact neuronal connections and is therefore best studied in vivo. Here, Gaetano Di Chiara describes the technique of brain dialysis, which permits direct in-vivo sampling of neurotransmitters and their metaboli...
journal_title:Trends in pharmacological sciences
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更新日期:1990-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::The 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT)(2C) receptor has received considerable attention as a target for treating drug addiction. 5-HT(2C)-receptor agonism, however, also induces side-effects. In this article, we review recent findings regarding the involvement of 5-HT(2C) receptors in behaviours related to drug addiction in a...
journal_title:Trends in pharmacological sciences
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更新日期:2006-09-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Trends in pharmacological sciences
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更新日期:1993-11-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Trends in pharmacological sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.tips.2008.10.010
更新日期:2009-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Docking is now routine in virtual screening or lead optimization for drug screening and design. The number of papers related to docking has dramatically increased over the past decade. However, there are many issues to consider when undertaking a docking study. Frequent problems or issues arise, such as the wrong bind...
journal_title:Trends in pharmacological sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
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更新日期:2015-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Antipsychotic drugs (APDs), and the 'atypical' APDs in particular, are commonly associated with metabolic side effects in humans. These include glucose dysregulation, insulin resistance, hyperlipidemia, weight gain and hypertension, which put patients at increased risk of cardiometabolic disorders. The underlying biol...
journal_title:Trends in pharmacological sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
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更新日期:2010-10-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Trends in pharmacological sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.tips.2005.04.008
更新日期:2005-07-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Trends in pharmacological sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.tips.2007.10.002
更新日期:2007-11-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Trends in pharmacological sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.tips.2014.07.001
更新日期:2014-09-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Trends in pharmacological sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.tips.2010.04.001
更新日期:2010-06-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Trends in pharmacological sciences
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更新日期:2008-01-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Trends in pharmacological sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
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更新日期:2018-02-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Trends in pharmacological sciences
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journal_title:Trends in pharmacological sciences
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更新日期:2002-08-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Trends in pharmacological sciences
pub_type: 评论,杂志文章
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更新日期:2018-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Since the cloning and expression of many of the G protein-coupled receptors during the 1980s, there has been a massive increase in our understanding of many aspects of their function. The use of molecular biology to engineer and express mutant receptors has made it possible to determine key amino acids involved in rec...
journal_title:Trends in pharmacological sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/s0165-6147(98)01231-0
更新日期:1998-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Ubiquitination is a highly conserved post-translational modification that regulates protein trafficking, function, and turnover. Ubiquitin ligases (E3s) conjugate ubiquitin polypeptides on substrates, whereas deubiquitnases (DUBs) reverse ubiquitination. Engineering of chemical antagonists and inhibitors of ubiquitin ...
journal_title:Trends in pharmacological sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.tips.2014.01.005
更新日期:2014-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Toll-like receptors (TLRs) play a crucial role in innate immunity by recognizing conserved motifs predominantly found in microorganisms. Increasing evidence supports a role for TLRs in sterile inflammation as observed in neurodegenerative disorders. This includes work suggesting a contribution for these receptors to t...
journal_title:Trends in pharmacological sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.tips.2012.07.002
更新日期:2012-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) have been considered for treatment and prevention of Alzheimer's disease (AD) for more than two decades. Biochemical markers in the brains of individuals with AD suggest that inflammation might be a driving cause of the disease that can be suppressed by drug treatment. In...
journal_title:Trends in pharmacological sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.tips.2007.09.004
更新日期:2007-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Dimerization is fairly common in the G-protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) superfamily. First attempts to rationalize this phenomenon gave rise to an idea that two receptors in a dimer could be necessary to bind a single molecule of G protein or arrestin. Although GPCRs, G proteins and arrestins were crystallized only in ...
journal_title:Trends in pharmacological sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.tips.2008.02.004
更新日期:2008-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::The current classification for 5-HT2 receptors accommodates three subtypes. In addition to the originally defined 5-HT2 receptor, sanctuary is now provided for the structurally related 5-HT1c receptor (now 5-HT2c) and at least one atypical 5-HT receptor subtype. The strong functional union of this family is reflected ...
journal_title:Trends in pharmacological sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/s0165-6147(00)88991-9
更新日期:1995-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Prospecting the full biodiversity of nature to find leads for new drugs is not necessary. Because finding leads is aimed at identifying biological activity, structure is of secondary importance. Furthermore, although natural chemical diversity might be unrivalled, functional diversity is bound to be considerably less....
journal_title:Trends in pharmacological sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章
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更新日期:2002-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Pharmacology training in Canada was initiated at McGill University in Montréal in 1824, and there are now 17 pharmacology departments in Canada offering graduate training to more than 500 students. In this article, Gerald Marks reviews the growth of pharmacology in Canada since the early 19th century in both academic ...
journal_title:Trends in pharmacological sciences
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更新日期:1994-07-01 00:00:00