Abstract：
:The pharmacokinetics of theophylline was investigated in five hyperthyroid, five hypothyroid, and five euthyroid patients, all with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Wide individual variability was found in theophylline kinetics, but the rate of elimination of theophylline was significantly higher in hyperthyroid, and lower in hypothyroid patients than in the euthyroid patients (kel = 0.155, 0.060 and 0.107 h-1, respectively). The values for clearance and volume of distribution were not consistently changed compared with those in the euthyroid group, although all the parameters except AUC were significantly different in hyperthyroid and hypothyroid patients. There was a positive correlation between both thyroxine and triiodothyronine serum concentrations and total body clearance of theophylline (r = 0.795 and r = 0.791, respectively). It is concluded that in spite of the wide interindividual variability and the relatively small differences in the pharmacokinetics of theophylline in thyroid dysfunction compared with the euthyroid status, these differences have to be considered in certain clinical situations, as they may require changes in the therapeutic regimen for administration of theophylline in hyperthyroid or hypothyroid patients.
journal_name
Eur J Clin Pharmacoljournal_title
European journal of clinical pharmacologyauthors
Pokrajac M,Simić D,Varagić VMdoi
10.1007/BF00544240subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1987-01-01 00:00:00pages
483-6issue
5eissn
0031-6970issn
1432-1041journal_volume
33pub_type
杂志文章abstract：:The peripheral histamine-inhibiting and central sedative effects of single oral doses (SOD) and of repeated administration for one week (steady state, SS), of 20 mg hydroxyzine HCL and 10 mg cetirizine have been assessed in 12 healthy volunteers, in a double-blind placebo-controlled cross-over study. Peripheral H1-rec...
journal_title：European journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF00626365
更新日期：1991-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Intensive monitoring of adverse drug reactions (ADR) in infants and preschool children in the paediatric outpatient unit covering the town of Karlovac (150,000 inhabitants) was performed over a period of three months. Data were obtained by physical examination of children and the history given by their parents. In all...
journal_title：European journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF00561025
更新日期：1989-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE:The aim of this study was to evaluate the population pharmacokinetics (PK) and exposure-response relationship of edoxaban in patients with non-valvular atrial fibrillation (AF). METHODS:Concentration data from 1,134 subjects in 11 clinical studies (eight phase I, one phase II, and two phase III) were used to p...
journal_title：European journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi：10.1007/s00228-014-1736-4
更新日期：2014-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Ple 1053 (Azosemid) is a diuretic which resembles furosemide chemically and in its mode of action. When administered intravenously, Ple 1053 was approximately 5 times more potent on a weight basis than furosemide, its dose-response relationship was closer and the slope was steeper. After oral administration Ple 1053 a...
journal_title：European journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF02089953
更新日期：1978-11-27 00:00:00
abstract：:The pharmacokinetics of a single dose of netilmicin (NM) was studied in 6 healthy volunteers. Elimination of the drug was followed in serum and urine for 24 h and 72 h, respectively. NM concentrations were measured with a modified radioenzymatic assay. A three compartment open model was employed to calculate the pharm...
journal_title：European journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF00605631
更新日期：1979-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Quinidine is a very potent inhibitor of CYP2D6, but the role of the enzyme in the biotransformation of quinidine has only been investigated in a single in vitro study and in two small in vivo experiments, with contradictory results. The present investigation was designed to present definite evaluation of whether quini...
journal_title：European journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF00194341
更新日期：1995-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE:To investigate statin use in the elderly by age (≥ 80 vs. 65-79 years) in relation to established indications. METHODS:A population-based cohort, including data from four registers, encompassing inhabitants in Region Västra Götaland, Sweden, was used. Statin users were defined as those filling statin prescript...
journal_title：European journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00228-019-02645-w
更新日期：2019-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The haemodynamic effects of prenalterol, a new beta-1 agonist, were studied in 10 patients with chronic heart failure. Following intravenous prenalterol infusions of 1 mg, 2.5 mg and 5 mg at 15 min intervals, oral slow release prenalterol 20 mg, 30 mg and 50 mg was given at 2 h intervals and then 50-100 mg bid for one...
journal_title：European journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF00542125
更新日期：1983-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE:The aims of the present analysis were to determine prevalence of transaminase elevation in placebo-treated healthy volunteers in our historical phase I clinical trials and to assess which factors were associated with it. METHODS:We performed a retrospective analysis of alanine transaminase (ALT) levels in 481 ...
journal_title：European journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00228-009-0684-x
更新日期：2009-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic properties of a new controlled-release (CR) formulation of metoprolol have been compared with those of atenolol. Metoprolol CR (100 mg and 200 mg), atenolol (50 mg and 100 mg) and placebo were each given once daily for four days in a double-blind, cross-over study to ten healthy men...
journal_title：European journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF00578408
更新日期：1988-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Levosimendan is a new calcium-sensitiser intended for the treatment of congestive heart failure. The results of preclinical studies indicate it has positive inotropic and vasodilator effects. In the open study reported here up to 5 mg levosimendan and vehicle were administered to 8 healthy male volunteers at one- to 2...
journal_title：European journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF02570507
更新日期：1994-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The influence of a benzodiazepine (triazolam) on the body temperature of poor sleepers during nights disturbed by airplane noises has been examined. Subjects were divided into 3 groups each of 8 men. Following a double-blind design, Group A (controls) received a placebo for 6 consecutive nights, Group B received 0.25 ...
journal_title：European journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi：10.1007/BF00544042
更新日期：1984-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Blood ciclosporin (Cs) metabolite pattern in 58 liver grafted patients was routinely monitored by HPLC from the first Cs dose after transplantation until discharge from hospital. Eighteen patients with normal kidney function were allocated to Group I and 14 patients in Group II suffered Cs nephrotoxicity during their ...
journal_title：European journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF00314953
更新日期：1991-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE:To investigate whether the CYP3A4*1G genetic polymorphism contributes to the variability in CYP3A activity and response to fentanyl. METHODS:One hundred and forty-three gynecologic patients who were scheduled to undergo abdominal total hysterectomy or myomectomy with general anesthesia were enrolled in this st...
journal_title：European journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00228-009-0726-4
更新日期：2010-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:To determine the incidence of errors in preparing and administering intravenous (i.v.) drugs, identify the stages in the process at which errors occurred and evaluate their clinical importance. METHODS:A prospective ethnographic study using disguised observation was carried out on two wards in one German non...
journal_title：European journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00228-003-0689-9
更新日期：2004-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE:The purpose of this study was to ascertain acute liver injury (ALI) in primary care databases using different computer algorithms. The aim of this investigation was to study and compare the incidence of ALI in different primary care databases and using different definitions of ALI. METHODS:The Clinical Practic...
journal_title：European journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00228-014-1721-y
更新日期：2014-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Factors influencing the disposition of clotiazepam in man were evaluated in a series of pharmacokinetic studies in healthy volunteers given a single 5 mg dose. Old age caused an increased volume of distribution of clotiazepam in women, and its clearance tended to be reduced in elderly men. Use of oral contraceptives, ...
journal_title：European journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF00546709
更新日期：1984-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:To examine the impact of medication and medical conditions on the fall risk in older hospitalized patients. DESIGN:Matched case-control study. SETTING:Large regional hospital in a mid-sized German city. SUBJECTS:Four hundred eighty-one inpatients aged ≥ 65 years who fell during hospitalization ("cases") an...
journal_title：European journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00228-019-02668-3
更新日期：2019-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Hemodynamic changes for 30 min after intravenous administration of molsidomin 4 mg were studied in 10 patients. Pulmonary artery pressure, pulmonary wedge pressure, right atrial pressure and aortic pressure decreased significantly after 15 min, and after 30 min they were still below the control level. Heart rate incre...
journal_title：European journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF00716357
更新日期：1978-06-19 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:Psychotropic drug use among nursing home residents with regard to diagnostic indications and patient- and institution characteristics was analysed. METHODS:A cross-sectional study of medication data from 1552 residents at 23 nursing homes in Bergen, Norway, was performed. Psychotropic drug use (neuroleptics,...
journal_title：European journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s002280100348
更新日期：2001-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:Psychosis is a common complication of the drug treatment of Parkinson's disease (PD). Treatment of this complication is difficult as most antipsychotic drugs worsen motor symptoms of PD. Only the atypical antipsychotic clozapine improves psychosis without worsening of parkinsonism. The aim of the present stud...
journal_title：European journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00228-002-0441-x
更新日期：2002-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:Pharmacokinetic parameters are important for dose adjustment of aminoglycosides, but they are highly variable in neonates. In this study the pharmacokinetics of a netilmicin loading dose was investigated on the first postnatal day in preterm neonates with very low gestational age (GA). METHODS:In an open pro...
journal_title：European journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00228-006-0153-8
更新日期：2006-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:UDP-glucuronosyltransferases (UGTs) UGT1A9 and UGT2B7 are involved in the metabolism of antimalarial dihydroartemisinin and antiretroviral zidovudine. Our aim was to analyze the prevalence of UGT1A9 (chromosome 2) and UGT2B7 (chromosome 4) nonsynonymous single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in West African (...
journal_title：European journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00228-006-0206-z
更新日期：2007-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Exposure to reserpine was compared in 181 women interviewed prior to biopsy and found to have breast cancer and 307 women found to have a benign disorder of the breast. The age-adjusted relative risk of breast cancer in those who had taken reserpine was 0.6 (95% confidence limits: 0.4 and 1.1). When the 181 breast can...
journal_title：European journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF00562896
更新日期：1977-01-03 00:00:00
abstract：:To assess the partial agonist activity of cicloprolol in man, four studies were carried out in normal male volunteers. I and II. Open dose escalating studies of the effects of oral doses of the drug on exercise tachycardia and sleeping heart rate. III and IV. Double-blind randomized studies of the effects of placebo, ...
journal_title：European journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi：10.1007/BF00615219
更新日期：1988-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The plasma kinetics of timolol administered orally and intravenously to 5 male subjects were examined. Bioavailability was reduced by 25% when the drug was taken orally. Mean plasma half-life after oral dosing was 4.86 h, and after intravenous administration it was 4.56 h; the difference was not significant. The volum...
journal_title：European journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF00716385
更新日期：1978-12-18 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSES:Tacrolimus (TAC) is the most widely used immunosuppressant for the prevention of acute rejection after solid organ transplantation. Its pharmacokinetics (PK) show considerable variability, making TAC a good candidate for therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM). The principal aim of the study was to describe the PK o...
journal_title：European journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00228-013-1501-0
更新日期：2013-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVES:To compare 6-mercaptopurine (6-MP) and 6-thioguanine (6-TG) as substrates for the methylation reaction catalysed by the enzyme thiopurine S-methyltransferase (TPMT). METHODS:TPMT activity in haemolysed red blood cells of healthy blood donors was determined twice, using the same experimental setting and equa...
journal_title：European journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s002280000137
更新日期：2000-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:The aim of the present study was to investigate and characterise adverse drug reactions (ADRs) to drugs used in France for orthostatic hypotension (OH). METHODS:In this prospective and systematic study, 121 consecutive out-patients suffering from primary (Parkinson's disease, pure autonomic failure, multiple...
journal_title：European journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00228-005-0941-6
更新日期：2005-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:This study investigates the acute haemodynamic effects of Quinapril (CI-906) a new non-sulphydryl angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor in 15 patients with refractory congestive cardiac failure. There were 14 males and 1 female mean age 59.5 years. After administration of Quinapril there was a significant reduction ...
journal_title：European journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF00870978
更新日期：1986-01-01 00:00:00
