Abstract：
:Depression is characterized by distinct profiles of disturbance in ways autobiographical memories are represented, recalled, and maintained. We review four core domains of difficulty: systematic biases in favor of negative material; impoverished access and responses to positive memories; reduced access to the specific details of the personal past; and dysfunctional processes of rumination and avoidance around personal autobiographical material. These difficulties drive the onset and maintenance of depression; consequently, interventions targeted at these maladaptive processes have clinical potential. Memory therapeutics is the development of novel clinical techniques, translated from basic research, that target memory difficulties in those with emotional disorders. We discuss prototypical examples from this clinical domain including MEmory Specificity Training, positive memory elaboration, memory rescripting, and the method-of-loci (MoL).
journal_name
Trends Cogn Scijournal_title
Trends in cognitive sciencesauthors
Dalgleish T,Werner-Seidler Adoi
10.1016/j.tics.2014.06.010subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2014-11-01 00:00:00pages
596-604issue
11eissn
1364-6613issn
1879-307Xpii
S1364-6613(14)00156-9journal_volume
18pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract：:Although most people are religious, there are hundreds of millions of religious disbelievers in the world. What is religious disbelief and how does it arise? Recent developments in the scientific study of religious beliefs and behaviors point to the conclusion that religious disbelief arises from multiple interacting ...
journal_title：Trends in cognitive sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.tics.2012.11.006
更新日期：2013-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The concept of the brain as a prediction machine has enjoyed a resurgence in the context of the Bayesian brain and predictive coding approaches within cognitive science. To date, this perspective has been applied primarily to exteroceptive perception (e.g., vision, audition), and action. Here, I describe a predictive,...
journal_title：Trends in cognitive sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.tics.2013.09.007
更新日期：2013-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Recent years have seen enormous demand amongst policy makers for new insights from the behavioural sciences, especially neuroscience. This demand is matched by an increasing willingness on behalf of behavioural scientists to translate the policy implications of their work. But can neuroscience really help shape the go...
journal_title：Trends in cognitive sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.tics.2012.07.005
更新日期：2012-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:How does organized cognition arise from distributed brain activity? Recent analyses of fluid intelligence suggest a core process of cognitive focus and integration, organizing the components of a cognitive operation into the required computational structure. A cortical 'multiple-demand' (MD) system is closely linked t...
journal_title：Trends in cognitive sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.tics.2020.06.012
更新日期：2020-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Naturalistic observations show that decisions to avoid or escape predators occur at different spatiotemporal scales and that they are supported by different computations and neural circuits. At their extremes, proximal threats are addressed by a limited repertoire of reflexive and myopic actions, reflecting reduced de...
journal_title：Trends in cognitive sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.tics.2019.12.016
更新日期：2020-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Categorization is a fundamental process whereby variable perceptual inputs are reduced progressively to a small number of equivalence classes, called 'categories'. How do theorists frame the categorization problem so that variable face, object and scene information is stabilized for higher-level processing? One approa...
journal_title：Trends in cognitive sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/S1364-6613(97)01056-5
更新日期：1997-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Textbooks teach us that the removal of sensory input to sensory cortex, for example, following arm amputation, results in massive reorganisation in the adult brain. In this opinion article, we critically examine evidence for functional reorganisation of sensory cortical representations, focusing on the sequelae of arm...
journal_title：Trends in cognitive sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.tics.2017.01.002
更新日期：2017-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Beat perception offers cognitive scientists an exciting opportunity to explore how cognition and action are intertwined in the brain even in the absence of movement. Many believe the motor system predicts the timing of beats, yet current models of beat perception do not specify how this is neurally implemented. Drawin...
journal_title：Trends in cognitive sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.tics.2020.11.002
更新日期：2021-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:What makes us conscious? Many theories that attempt to answer this question have appeared recently in the context of widespread interest about consciousness in the cognitive neurosciences. Most of these proposals are formulated in terms of the information processing conducted by the brain. In this overview, we survey ...
journal_title：Trends in cognitive sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s1364-6613(00)01533-3
更新日期：2000-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A recent study by Zhang and Gläscher (2020) in humans examines learning from one's own versus others' actions under reward uncertainty. Comparing findings from this and non-human studies on learning under perceptual uncertainty suggests a unified role for confidence in learning under different types of uncertainty acr...
journal_title：Trends in cognitive sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.tics.2020.09.011
更新日期：2020-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Many social interactions require humans to coordinate their behavior across a range of scales. However, aspects of intentional coordination remain puzzling from within several approaches in cognitive science. Sketching a new perspective, we propose that the complex behavioral patterns - or 'unwritten rules' - governin...
journal_title：Trends in cognitive sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.tics.2014.05.010
更新日期：2014-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A new brain imaging study demonstrates that patients with autism have a strikingly different pattern of brain activity compared with control subjects. During cognitive tasks, cortical areas known as the "default state" network--areas that have been implicated in both self-referential processing and processing of socia...
journal_title：Trends in cognitive sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.tics.2006.08.002
更新日期：2006-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:How do we decide what we perceive? Obviously, we base our decisions on sensory evidence. However, a new and surprising study by Hagura et al. shows that our perceptual decisions are also biased by the action costs that are associated with our decisions. ...
journal_title：Trends in cognitive sciences
pub_type： 评论,杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.tics.2017.03.006
更新日期：2017-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) noninvasively measures human brain activity at millimeter resolution. Scientists use different approaches to take advantage of the remarkable opportunities presented by fMRI. Here, we describe progress using the computational neuroimaging approach in human visual cortex, wh...
journal_title：Trends in cognitive sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.tics.2015.03.009
更新日期：2015-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Task persistence is a construct that appears to have broad influence on child competence generally, from self regulation in carrying out tasks, to cognitive performance. In a recent developmental study of task persistence, Deater-Deckard and colleagues report that heritability of task persistence increased over time, ...
journal_title：Trends in cognitive sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.tics.2005.07.011
更新日期：2005-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Grid cells have been proposed to encode both the self-location of an animal and the relative position of locations within an environment. We reassess the validity of these roles in light of recent evidence demonstrating grid patterns to be less temporally and spatially stable than previously thought. ...
journal_title：Trends in cognitive sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.tics.2015.12.004
更新日期：2016-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Anxiety can be hugely disruptive to everyday life. Anxious individuals show increased attentional capture by potential signs of danger, and interpret expressions, comments and events in a negative manner. These cognitive biases have been widely explored in human anxiety research. By contrast, animal models have focuse...
journal_title：Trends in cognitive sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.tics.2007.05.008
更新日期：2007-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Despite the fact that much is known about the taxonomy and predictive validity of human intelligence differences, there has been relatively little progress in understanding their cognitive bases. However, some recent firm findings mark the beginnings of a cognitive reductionism in human intelligence. Progress towards ...
journal_title：Trends in cognitive sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s1364-6613(00)01623-5
更新日期：2001-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Recent research using both naturalistic and experimental methods has found that the vast majority of young children's early language is organized around concrete, item-based linguistic schemas. From this beginning, children then construct more abstract and adult-like linguistic constructions, but only gradually and in...
journal_title：Trends in cognitive sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s1364-6613(00)01462-5
更新日期：2000-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A persistent metaphor in decision-making research casts people as intuitive statisticians. Popular explanations based on this metaphor assume that the way in which people represent the environment is specified and fixed a priori. A major flaw in this account is that it is not clear how people know what aspects of an e...
journal_title：Trends in cognitive sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.tics.2020.09.005
更新日期：2020-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:This review describes the functional anatomy of word comprehension and production. Data from functional neuroimaging studies of normal subjects are used to determine the distributed set of brain regions that are engaged during particular language tasks and data from studies of patients with neurological damage are use...
journal_title：Trends in cognitive sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s1364-6613(98)01201-7
更新日期：1998-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Young children exhibit several deficits in reasoning about their own and other people's mental states. We propose that these deficits, along with more subtle limitations in adults' social-cognitive reasoning, are all manifestations of the same cognitive bias. This is the 'curse of knowledge' - a tendency to be biased ...
journal_title：Trends in cognitive sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.tics.2004.04.011
更新日期：2004-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Persistence is central to outcomes across a range of domains: the harder you try, the further you get. Yet relatively little is known about the developmental origins of persistence. Here, we highlight key reasons for a surge of interest in persistence in infancy and early childhood. ...
journal_title：Trends in cognitive sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.tics.2018.07.012
更新日期：2018-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Recognizing images requires sorting them into the correct perceptual categories. Without categories, apples could not be discriminated from oranges. A fundamental question is whether categories are innate or learned, and if learned, how well such discriminations generalize. A recent finding by Notman et al. demonstrat...
journal_title：Trends in cognitive sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.tics.2005.07.005
更新日期：2005-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The brain during healthy aging exhibits gradual deterioration of structure but maintains a high level of cognitive ability. These structural changes are often accompanied by reorganization of functional brain networks. Existing neurocognitive theories of aging have argued that such changes are either beneficial or det...
journal_title：Trends in cognitive sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.tics.2017.04.007
更新日期：2017-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:How do psychological traits shape social networks? How does this relationship influence the spread of behavior? In a recent paper, Muthukrishna and Schaller (Pers. Soc. Psychol. Rev., 2019) use a modeling approach to explore these questions. In doing so, they illustrate the value of using a multilevel approach to stud...
journal_title：Trends in cognitive sciences
pub_type： 评论,杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.tics.2019.07.005
更新日期：2019-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:I propose that pre-attentive computational mechanisms in primary visual cortex create a saliency map. This map awards higher responses to more salient image locations; these responses are those of conventional V1 cells tuned to input features, such as orientation and color. Hence no separate feature maps, or any subse...
journal_title：Trends in cognitive sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s1364-6613(00)01817-9
更新日期：2002-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Interactions between functional areas are often considered to account for subtle aspects of cognitive functions, although direct experimental evidence is scarce. A recent study by Gross et al. relates the strength of synchrony between human parietal, frontal and occipital regions to the availability of attentional res...
journal_title：Trends in cognitive sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.tics.2004.10.008
更新日期：2004-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Usage of the term 'theory of mind' (ToM) has exploded across fields ranging from developmental psychology to social neuroscience and psychiatry research. However, its meaning is often vague and inconsistent, its biological bases are a subject of debate, and the methods used to study it are highly heterogeneous. Most c...
journal_title：Trends in cognitive sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.tics.2014.11.007
更新日期：2015-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Recent research provides new insights into amygdala contributions to positive emotion and reward. Studies of neuronal activity in the monkey amygdala and of autonomic responses mediated by the monkey amygdala show that, contrary to a widely held view, the amygdala is just as important for processing positive reward an...
journal_title：Trends in cognitive sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.tics.2007.08.013
更新日期：2007-11-01 00:00:00
