Understanding children's and adults' limitations in mental state reasoning.

abstract：:Recent claims of culture in great apes have provoked fervent argument about the 'true' definition of culture, most of which has been unhelpful. Instead, a range of definitions should be used to explore different aspects of the cognitive processes that together result in human culture, many of which can be productively...

journal_title：Trends in cognitive sciences

authors： Byrne RW,Barnard PJ,Davidson I,Janik VM,McGrew WC,Miklósi A,Wiessner P

更新日期：2004-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Memory storage is not static - updating is often needed. When it comes to traumatic memories, forgetting may be desired. Two innovative studies recently demonstrated that fear memories can be weakened during sleep using odors associated with fear-learning episodes. New strategies along these lines should be carefully ...

journal_title：Trends in cognitive sciences

authors： Oudiette D,Antony JW,Paller KA

更新日期：2014-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Recognizing images requires sorting them into the correct perceptual categories. Without categories, apples could not be discriminated from oranges. A fundamental question is whether categories are innate or learned, and if learned, how well such discriminations generalize. A recent finding by Notman et al. demonstrat...

journal_title：Trends in cognitive sciences

authors： Fahle M

更新日期：2005-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Understanding the neurophysiological mechanisms of learning is important for both fundamental and clinical neuroscience. We present a neurophysiologically inspired framework for understanding cortical mechanisms of feedback-guided learning. This framework is based on dynamic changes in systems-level oscillatory synchr...

journal_title：Trends in cognitive sciences

authors： Cohen MX,Wilmes K,Vijver Iv

更新日期：2011-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:When a brief flash appears at the same position as a moving object, the flash is perceived to lag behind. This so-called flash-lag effect tells us something about the perception of space and time: where is the moving object when the flash appears? A recent paper by Alais and Burr on auditory and crossmodal flash-lag e...

journal_title：Trends in cognitive sciences

authors： Krekelberg B

更新日期：2003-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:For many years the cognitive processes underlying recognition memory have been the subject of considerable interest in experimental psychology. To account for a broad range of behavioral findings, psychologists have put forward a variety of 'dual-process' models, all of which propose that recognition memory is support...

journal_title：Trends in cognitive sciences

authors： Rugg MD,Yonelinas AP

更新日期：2003-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Neural coding by brain oscillations is a major focus in neuroscience, with important implications for dyslexia research. Here, I argue that an oscillatory 'temporal sampling' framework enables diverse data from developmental dyslexia to be drawn into an integrated theoretical framework. The core deficit in dyslexia is...

journal_title：Trends in cognitive sciences

authors： Goswami U

更新日期：2011-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Electrophysiological recordings on the human scalp provide a wealth of information about the temporal dynamics and nature of face perception at a global level of brain organization. The time window between 100 and 200 ms witnesses the transition between low-level and high-level vision, an N170 component correlating wi...

journal_title：Trends in cognitive sciences

authors： Rossion B

更新日期：2014-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:It has been hypothesized that the human visual system can use temporal synchrony for the perceptual grouping of image regions into unified objects, as proposed in some neural models. It is argued here, however, that previous psychophysical evidence for this hypothesis is due to stimulus artifacts, and that earlier stu...

journal_title：Trends in cognitive sciences

authors： Farid H

更新日期：2002-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In studying categorization, cognitive science has focused primarily on cultural categorization, ignoring individual and institutional categorization. Because recent technological developments have made individual and institutional classification systems much more available and powerful, our understanding of the cognit...

journal_title：Trends in cognitive sciences

authors： Glushko RJ,Maglio PP,Matlock T,Barsalou LW

更新日期：2008-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Traditionally, models of speech comprehension and production do not depend on concepts and processes from the phonological short-term memory (pSTM) literature. Likewise, in working memory research, pSTM is considered to be a language-independent system that facilitates language acquisition rather than speech processin...

journal_title：Trends in cognitive sciences

authors： Jacquemot C,Scott SK

更新日期：2006-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:When people talk they gesture, and those gestures often reflect thoughts not expressed in their words. In this sense, gesture and the speech it accompanies can mismatch. Gesture-speech 'mismatches' are found when learners are on the verge of making progress on a task - when they are ready to learn. Moreover, mismatche...

journal_title：Trends in cognitive sciences

authors： Goldin-Meadow S,Wagner SM

更新日期：2005-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) noninvasively measures human brain activity at millimeter resolution. Scientists use different approaches to take advantage of the remarkable opportunities presented by fMRI. Here, we describe progress using the computational neuroimaging approach in human visual cortex, wh...

journal_title：Trends in cognitive sciences

authors： Wandell BA,Winawer J

更新日期：2015-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Recent research has shown that a collection of neurons in dorsal anterior cingulate cortex of rhesus monkeys may specifically encode the choice selection of an interaction partner. This raises interesting and important questions as to the nature of Theory of Mind processes in social interactive decision-making, with p...

journal_title：Trends in cognitive sciences

authors： Sanfey AG,Civai C,Vavra P

更新日期：2015-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:This article reviews recently proposed theories postulating that, during simple choices, the brain performs statistically optimal decision making. These theories are ecologically motivated by evolutionary pressures to optimize the speed and accuracy of decisions and to maximize the rate of receiving rewards for correc...

journal_title：Trends in cognitive sciences

authors： Bogacz R

更新日期：2007-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Fifteen years ago, Passingham and colleagues proposed that brain areas can be described in terms of their unique pattern of input and output connections with the rest of the brain, and that these connections are a crucial determinant of their function. We explore how the advent of neuroimaging of connectivity has allo...

journal_title：Trends in cognitive sciences

authors： Mars RB,Passingham RE,Jbabdi S

更新日期：2018-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Is consciousness a continuous stream of percepts or is it discrete, occurring only at certain moments in time? This question has puzzled philosophers, psychologists, and neuroscientists for centuries. Both hypotheses have fallen repeatedly in and out of favor. Here, we review recent studies exploring long-lasting post...

journal_title：Trends in cognitive sciences

authors： Herzog MH,Drissi-Daoudi L,Doerig A

更新日期：2020-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Apart from their reading difficulties, dyslexic subjects often suffer from a variety of subtle sensory and motor deficits. Whether these deficits have a causal relationship to the reading disorder, form additional risk factors, or are totally independent of the reading problem, is under vivid debate. In this article, ...

journal_title：Trends in cognitive sciences

authors： Hari R,Renvall H

更新日期：2001-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The endogenous circadian clock modulates cognitive performance over the daily 24-h cycle. Environmental disturbance of the clock, such as shift work or jet lag schedules, compromises sleep, alertness and problem solving. What is not generally appreciated, however, is that the circadian clock also modulates cognitive a...

journal_title：Trends in cognitive sciences

authors： Kyriacou CP,Hastings MH

更新日期：2010-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:We discuss behavioral studies directed at understanding how probability information is represented in motor and economic tasks. By formulating the behavioral tasks in the language of statistical decision theory, we can compare performance in equivalent tasks in different domains. Subjects in traditional economic decis...

journal_title：Trends in cognitive sciences

authors： Trommershäuser J,Maloney LT,Landy MS

更新日期：2008-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Why do people sometimes seem to know things when they are tested in one way, while seeming unaware of this information when tested in a different way? Such task-dependent behaviors, or dissociations, often occur in infants and children, and in adults following brain damage. To explain these dissociations, researchers ...

journal_title：Trends in cognitive sciences

authors： Munakata Y

更新日期：2001-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A small number of discrete choices ('parameters') embedded within a system of otherwise universal principles create the extensive superficial differences between unrelated languages like English, Japanese, and Mohawk. Most current thinking about the evolution of language ignores or denies the existence of these parame...

journal_title：Trends in cognitive sciences

authors： Baker MC

更新日期：2003-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A new study shows a leftward asymmetry of the choroid plexus in two-thirds of first-trimester human fetuses. This is the earliest brain asymmetry so far identified and may be a precursor to other asymmetries, including that of the temporal planum, which is evident from the 31st week of gestation. ...

journal_title：Trends in cognitive sciences

authors： Corballis MC

更新日期：2013-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Many believe empathy and related pro-social behaviors to be the sole province of humans. The evolutionary antecedents of such phenomena, however, have been observed in lower mammals. By demonstrating empathy-based helping behavior in rats, a recently published study has provided clear-cut evidence that pro-social beha...

journal_title：Trends in cognitive sciences

authors： Mogil JS

更新日期：2012-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Recent years have witnessed a resurgence of classic tensions concerning the fundamental nature of human knowledge and the processes underlying its acquisition. This tension, especially evident in research on the acquisition of words and concepts, arises when researchers pit one type of content against another (percept...

journal_title：Trends in cognitive sciences

authors： Waxman SR,Gelman SA

更新日期：2009-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Our understanding of the typical human brain has benefitted greatly from studying different kinds of brains and their associated behavioral repertoires, including animal models and neuropsychological patients. This same comparative perspective can be applied to early development - the environment, behavior, and brains...

journal_title：Trends in cognitive sciences

authors： Ellis CT,Turk-Browne NB

更新日期：2018-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Brain evolution has often been correlated with the cognitive demands of social life. Further progress depends on our ability to link cognitive processes to corresponding brain part sizes and structures, and, ultimately, to demonstrate causality. Recent research suggests that fishes are suitable to test general hypothe...

journal_title：Trends in cognitive sciences

authors： Bshary R,Gingins S,Vail AL

更新日期：2014-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Two major non-invasive techniques in cognitive neuroscience, electroencephalography (EEG) and functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), have complementary advantages with regard to their spatial and temporal resolution. Recent hardware and software developments have made it feasible to acquire EEG and fMRI data si...

journal_title：Trends in cognitive sciences

authors： Debener S,Ullsperger M,Siegel M,Engel AK

更新日期：2006-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Cognitive control processes refer to our ability to coordinate thoughts and actions in accordance with internal goals. In the fronto-lateral cortex such processes have been primarily related to mid-dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (mid-DLPFC). However, recent brain-imaging and meta-analytic studies suggest that a region...

journal_title：Trends in cognitive sciences

authors： Brass M,Derrfuss J,Forstmann B,von Cramon DY

更新日期：2005-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Episodic memory is a polygenic behavioral trait with substantial heritability estimates. Despite its complexity, recent empirical evidence supports the notion that behavioral genetic studies of episodic memory might successfully identify trait-associated molecules and pathways. The development of high-throughput genot...

journal_title：Trends in cognitive sciences

authors： Papassotiropoulos A,de Quervain DJ

更新日期：2011-09-01 00:00:00