Abstract：
:Understanding the neurophysiological mechanisms of learning is important for both fundamental and clinical neuroscience. We present a neurophysiologically inspired framework for understanding cortical mechanisms of feedback-guided learning. This framework is based on dynamic changes in systems-level oscillatory synchronization, reflecting changes in synaptic plasticity between stimulus-processing and motor areas that are modulated in a top-down fashion by different areas of the prefrontal cortex. We make new and testable predictions for how large-scale cortical networks support learning from feedback. Testing these predictions may provide new insights into the basic mechanisms underlying learning and how these mechanisms may be impaired in clinical disorders in which feedback learning is compromised.
journal_name
Trends Cogn Scijournal_title
Trends in cognitive sciencesauthors
Cohen MX,Wilmes K,Vijver Ivdoi
10.1016/j.tics.2011.10.004subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2011-12-01 00:00:00pages
558-66issue
12eissn
1364-6613issn
1879-307Xpii
S1364-6613(11)00219-1journal_volume
15pub_type
杂志文章abstract：:The physical energy that we refer to as a word, whether in isolation or embedded in sentences, takes its meaning from the knowledge stored in our brains through a lifetime of experience. Much empirical evidence indicates that, although this knowledge can be used fairly flexibly, it is functionally organized in 'semant...
journal_title：Trends in cognitive sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s1364-6613(00)01560-6
更新日期：2000-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The notion of a level of consciousness is a key construct in the science of consciousness. Not only is the term employed to describe the global states of consciousness that are associated with post-comatose disorders, epileptic absence seizures, anaesthesia, and sleep, it plays an increasingly influential role in theo...
journal_title：Trends in cognitive sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.tics.2016.03.009
更新日期：2016-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Physical pain can be clearly distinguished from other states of distress. In recent years, however, the notion that social distress is experienced as physically painful has permeated the scientific literature and popular media. This conclusion is based on the overlap of brain regions that respond to nociceptive input ...
journal_title：Trends in cognitive sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.tics.2013.06.002
更新日期：2013-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Since its inception, the contextual cueing (CC) paradigm has generated considerable interest in various fields of cognitive sciences because it constitutes an elegant approach to understanding how statistical learning (SL) mechanisms can detect contextual regularities during a visual search. In this article we review ...
journal_title：Trends in cognitive sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.tics.2015.07.009
更新日期：2015-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Usage of the term 'theory of mind' (ToM) has exploded across fields ranging from developmental psychology to social neuroscience and psychiatry research. However, its meaning is often vague and inconsistent, its biological bases are a subject of debate, and the methods used to study it are highly heterogeneous. Most c...
journal_title：Trends in cognitive sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.tics.2014.11.007
更新日期：2015-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The ability to remain focused on goal-relevant stimuli in the presence of potentially interfering distractors is crucial for any coherent cognitive function. However, simply instructing people to ignore goal-irrelevant stimuli is not sufficient for preventing their processing. Recent research reveals that distractor p...
journal_title：Trends in cognitive sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.tics.2004.12.004
更新日期：2005-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:It has long been recognized that the striatum is composed of distinct functional sub-units that are part of multiple cortico-striatal-thalamic circuits. Contemporary research has focused on the contribution of striatal sub-regions to three main phenomena: learning of associations between stimuli, actions and rewards; ...
journal_title：Trends in cognitive sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.tics.2012.07.007
更新日期：2012-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:I propose that pre-attentive computational mechanisms in primary visual cortex create a saliency map. This map awards higher responses to more salient image locations; these responses are those of conventional V1 cells tuned to input features, such as orientation and color. Hence no separate feature maps, or any subse...
journal_title：Trends in cognitive sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s1364-6613(00)01817-9
更新日期：2002-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The endogenous circadian clock modulates cognitive performance over the daily 24-h cycle. Environmental disturbance of the clock, such as shift work or jet lag schedules, compromises sleep, alertness and problem solving. What is not generally appreciated, however, is that the circadian clock also modulates cognitive a...
journal_title：Trends in cognitive sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.tics.2010.03.007
更新日期：2010-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The concept of the brain as a prediction machine has enjoyed a resurgence in the context of the Bayesian brain and predictive coding approaches within cognitive science. To date, this perspective has been applied primarily to exteroceptive perception (e.g., vision, audition), and action. Here, I describe a predictive,...
journal_title：Trends in cognitive sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.tics.2013.09.007
更新日期：2013-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The brain during healthy aging exhibits gradual deterioration of structure but maintains a high level of cognitive ability. These structural changes are often accompanied by reorganization of functional brain networks. Existing neurocognitive theories of aging have argued that such changes are either beneficial or det...
journal_title：Trends in cognitive sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.tics.2017.04.007
更新日期：2017-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The ability to predict the likelihood of an aversive event is an important adaptive capacity. Certainty and uncertainty regarding pain cause different adaptive behavior, emotional states, attentional focus, and perceptual changes. Recent functional neuroimaging studies indicate that certain and uncertain expectation a...
journal_title：Trends in cognitive sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s1364-6613(03)00061-5
更新日期：2003-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Conditioning, how animals learn to associate two or more events, is one of the most influential paradigms in learning theory. It is nevertheless unclear how current models of associative learning can accommodate complex phenomena without ad hoc representational assumptions. We propose to embrace deep neural networks t...
journal_title：Trends in cognitive sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.tics.2017.06.001
更新日期：2017-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The study of processes underlying the interpretation of language often produces evidence that they are complete and occur incrementally. However, computational linguistics has shown that interpretations are often effective even if they are underspecified. We present evidence that similar underspecified representations...
journal_title：Trends in cognitive sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s1364-6613(02)01958-7
更新日期：2002-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Sociality and cooperation are benefits to human cultures but may carry unexpected costs. We suggest that both the human experience of pain and the expression of distress may result from many causes not experienced as painful in our close primate relatives, because human ancestors motivated to ask for help survived in ...
journal_title：Trends in cognitive sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.tics.2014.08.002
更新日期：2014-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Although only humans use spoken language, the vocal communication of many animals shares some features with language. Within the context of their family, normal children and young non-human primates develop proficiency in the nuances of their species-specific vocal communication system. Engaging in speech-like phoneti...
journal_title：Trends in cognitive sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s1364-6613(97)01115-7
更新日期：1998-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Categorization is a fundamental process whereby variable perceptual inputs are reduced progressively to a small number of equivalence classes, called 'categories'. How do theorists frame the categorization problem so that variable face, object and scene information is stabilized for higher-level processing? One approa...
journal_title：Trends in cognitive sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/S1364-6613(97)01056-5
更新日期：1997-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Studies of language change have begun to contribute to answering several pressing questions in cognitive sciences, including the origins of human language capacity, the social construction of cognition and the mechanisms underlying culture change in general. Here, we describe recent advances within a new emerging fram...
journal_title：Trends in cognitive sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.tics.2009.08.008
更新日期：2009-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Recent years have seen enormous demand amongst policy makers for new insights from the behavioural sciences, especially neuroscience. This demand is matched by an increasing willingness on behalf of behavioural scientists to translate the policy implications of their work. But can neuroscience really help shape the go...
journal_title：Trends in cognitive sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.tics.2012.07.005
更新日期：2012-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The effects of stress on learning and memory are not always clear: both facilitating and impairing influences are described in the literature. Here we propose a unifying theory, which states that stress will only facilitate learning and memory processes: (i) when stress is experienced in the context and around the tim...
journal_title：Trends in cognitive sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.tics.2006.02.002
更新日期：2006-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Everyday visual experience involves making implicit predictions, as revealed by our surprise when something disturbs our expectations. Many theories of vision have been premised on the central role played by prediction. Yet, implicit prediction in human vision has been difficult to assess in the laboratory, and many r...
journal_title：Trends in cognitive sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.tics.2008.06.001
更新日期：2008-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A fundamental question of human episodic memory concerns the cognitive and neural representations and processes that give rise to the neural signals of memory. By integrating behavioral tests, formal computational models, and neural measures of brain activity patterns, recent studies suggest that memory signals not on...
journal_title：Trends in cognitive sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.tics.2018.03.004
更新日期：2018-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The domain-general learning mechanisms elicited in incidental learning situations are of potential interest in many research fields, including language acquisition, object knowledge formation and motor learning. They have been the focus of studies on implicit learning for nearly 40 years. Stemming from a different res...
journal_title：Trends in cognitive sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.tics.2006.03.006
更新日期：2006-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:How much can we perceive and remember at a time? Results from various paradigms traditionally show that observers are aware of surprisingly little of the world around them. However, a recent study by Wu and Wolfe (Curr. Biol. 2018;28:3430-3434) uses a novel technique to reveal that observers have more knowledge of the...
journal_title：Trends in cognitive sciences
pub_type： 评论,杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.tics.2018.12.002
更新日期：2019-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:How do psychological traits shape social networks? How does this relationship influence the spread of behavior? In a recent paper, Muthukrishna and Schaller (Pers. Soc. Psychol. Rev., 2019) use a modeling approach to explore these questions. In doing so, they illustrate the value of using a multilevel approach to stud...
journal_title：Trends in cognitive sciences
pub_type： 评论,杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.tics.2019.07.005
更新日期：2019-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The evolution of speech remains an elusive scientific problem. A widespread notion is that vocal learning, underlined by vocal-fold control, is a key prerequisite for speech evolution. Although present in birds and non-primate mammals, vocal learning is ostensibly absent in non-human primates. Here we argue that the m...
journal_title：Trends in cognitive sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.tics.2013.10.013
更新日期：2014-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Working memory (WM) capacity predicts performance in a wide range of cognitive tasks. Although WM capacity has been viewed as a constant trait, recent studies suggest that it can be improved by adaptive and extended training. This training is associated with changes in brain activity in frontal and parietal cortex and...
journal_title：Trends in cognitive sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.tics.2010.05.002
更新日期：2010-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In the course of evolution, social dominance has been a strong force shaping the organization of social systems in many species. Individuals with a better ability to represent social dominance relationships and to adapt their behavior accordingly usually achieve better access to resources, hence providing benefits in ...
journal_title：Trends in cognitive sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.tics.2017.08.004
更新日期：2017-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:According to dual-process models, recognition memory is supported by distinct retrieval processes known as familiarity and recollection. Important evidence supporting the dual-process framework has come from studies using event-related brain potentials (ERPs). These studies have identified two topographically distinct...
journal_title：Trends in cognitive sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.tics.2007.04.004
更新日期：2007-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Recognizing images requires sorting them into the correct perceptual categories. Without categories, apples could not be discriminated from oranges. A fundamental question is whether categories are innate or learned, and if learned, how well such discriminations generalize. A recent finding by Notman et al. demonstrat...
journal_title：Trends in cognitive sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.tics.2005.07.005
更新日期：2005-10-01 00:00:00
