Impaired processing of rapid stimulus sequences in dyslexia.

abstract：:The study of processes underlying the interpretation of language often produces evidence that they are complete and occur incrementally. However, computational linguistics has shown that interpretations are often effective even if they are underspecified. We present evidence that similar underspecified representations...

journal_title：Trends in cognitive sciences

authors： Sanford A,Sturt P

更新日期：2002-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Basic cognitive functions, such as the abilities to activate, represent, maintain, focus and process information, decline with age. A paradigm shift towards cross-level conceptions is needed in order to obtain an integrative understanding of cognitive aging phenomena that cuts across neural, information-processing, an...

journal_title：Trends in cognitive sciences

authors： Li SC,Lindenberger U,Sikström S

更新日期：2001-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A new class of visuomotor neuron has been recently discovered in the monkey's premotor cortex: mirror neurons. These neurons respond both when a particular action is performed by the recorded monkey and when the same action, performed by another individual, is observed. Mirror neurons appear to form a cortical system ...

journal_title：Trends in cognitive sciences

authors： Gallese V,Goldman A

更新日期：1998-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has resulted in the widespread implementation of social distancing measures. Adhering to social distancing may be particularly challenging for adolescents, for whom interaction with peers is especially important. We argue that young people's capacity to encourage each o...

journal_title：Trends in cognitive sciences

authors： Andrews JL,Foulkes L,Blakemore SJ

更新日期：2020-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:When we move our eyes, we easily keep track of where relevant things are in the world. Recent proposals link this stability to the shifting of receptive fields of neurons in eye movement and attention control areas. Reports of 'spatiotopic' visual aftereffects have also been claimed to support this shifting connectivi...

journal_title：Trends in cognitive sciences

authors： Cavanagh P,Hunt AR,Afraz A,Rolfs M

更新日期：2010-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The contagion model of emotional propagation has almost become a dogma in cognitive science. We turn here to the evolutionary approach to communicative interactions to probe the limits of the contagion model. ...

journal_title：Trends in cognitive sciences

authors： Dezecache G,Jacob P,Grèzes J

更新日期：2015-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Heavy prenatal alcohol exposure can have lifelong, disabling effects on brain and cognition. Unlike animal studies, research on light-to-moderate drinking in humans demonstrates less consistent impact. Discussions of negative research findings in popular media underestimate potential adverse outcomes and complicate de...

journal_title：Trends in cognitive sciences

authors： Charness ME,Riley EP,Sowell ER

更新日期：2016-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Congenital prosopagnosia refers to the deficit in face processing that is apparent from early childhood in the absence of any underlying neurological basis and in the presence of intact sensory and intellectual function. Several such cases have been described recently and elucidating the mechanisms giving rise to this...

journal_title：Trends in cognitive sciences

authors： Behrmann M,Avidan G

更新日期：2005-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:From the noisy information bombarding our senses, our brains must construct percepts that are veridical - reflecting the true state of the world - and informative - conveying what we did not already know. Influential theories suggest that both challenges are met through mechanisms that use expectations about the likel...

journal_title：Trends in cognitive sciences

authors： Press C,Kok P,Yon D

更新日期：2020-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Recent discoveries about the neural system and cellular mechanisms in pathways mediating classical fear conditioning have provided a foundation for pursuing concurrent connectionist models of this form of emotional learning. The models described are constrained by the known anatomy underlying the behavior being simula...

journal_title：Trends in cognitive sciences

authors： Armony JL,Servan-Schreiber D,Cohen JD,Ledoux JE

更新日期：1997-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Tourette syndrome (TS) is a neurological disorder characterized by vocal and motor tics. TS is associated with impairments in behavioral inhibition, dysfunctional signaling of the inhibitory neurotransmitter GABA, and alterations in the balance of excitatory and inhibitory influences within brain networks implicated i...

journal_title：Trends in cognitive sciences

authors： Jackson GM,Draper A,Dyke K,Pépés SE,Jackson SR

更新日期：2015-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Electrophysiological recordings on the human scalp provide a wealth of information about the temporal dynamics and nature of face perception at a global level of brain organization. The time window between 100 and 200 ms witnesses the transition between low-level and high-level vision, an N170 component correlating wi...

journal_title：Trends in cognitive sciences

authors： Rossion B

更新日期：2014-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Despite normative declines in old age, healthy elderly typically report surprisingly high levels of well-being. It is not clear why this is so. A study by Brassen and colleagues suggests that one factor may be reduced responsiveness to regret. These findings highlight the role of emotion regulation in successful aging...

journal_title：Trends in cognitive sciences

authors： Suri G,Gross JJ

更新日期：2012-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Recent data indicate that newly grown synapses in the brain are not guaranteed to innervate their desired target, but can form instead on nearby targets. Such 'errors' introduce representational inaccuracies but improve representational flexibility. Optimizing accuracy and flexibility requires detecting correlated act...

journal_title：Trends in cognitive sciences

authors： Elliott T

更新日期：2002-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:How does organized cognition arise from distributed brain activity? Recent analyses of fluid intelligence suggest a core process of cognitive focus and integration, organizing the components of a cognitive operation into the required computational structure. A cortical 'multiple-demand' (MD) system is closely linked t...

journal_title：Trends in cognitive sciences

authors： Duncan J,Assem M,Shashidhara S

更新日期：2020-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Male and female fetuses differ in testosterone concentrations beginning as early as week 8 of gestation. This early hormone difference exerts permanent influences on brain development and behavior. Contemporary research shows that hormones are particularly important for the development of sex-typical childhood behavio...

journal_title：Trends in cognitive sciences

authors： Hines M

更新日期：2010-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Schizophrenia is one of the most debilitating of all common brain disorders, exacting a heavy toll on the afflicted and having a tremendous public health impact. Clinical outcome is more strongly predicted by cognitive deficits than psychotic symptoms, with no established treatment for these deficits. In this review, ...

journal_title：Trends in cognitive sciences

authors： Minzenberg MJ,Carter CS

更新日期：2012-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Computational models of human collective behavior offer promise in providing quantitative and empirically verifiable accounts of how individual decisions lead to the emergence of group-level organizations. Agent-based models (ABMs) describe interactions among individual agents and their environment, and provide a proc...

journal_title：Trends in cognitive sciences

authors： Goldstone RL,Janssen MA

更新日期：2005-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:For a stable visual world, the colours of objects should appear the same under different lights. This property of colour constancy has been assumed to be fundamental to vision, and many experimental attempts have been made to quantify it. I contend here, however, that the usual methods of measurement are either too co...

journal_title：Trends in cognitive sciences

authors： Foster DH

更新日期：2003-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Psychiatric and neurological disorders have historically provided key insights into the structure-function relationships that subserve human social cognition and behavior, informing the concept of the 'social brain'. In this review, we take stock of the current status of this concept, retaining a focus on disorders th...

journal_title：Trends in cognitive sciences

authors： Kennedy DP,Adolphs R

更新日期：2012-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Working memory (WM) capacity predicts performance in a wide range of cognitive tasks. Although WM capacity has been viewed as a constant trait, recent studies suggest that it can be improved by adaptive and extended training. This training is associated with changes in brain activity in frontal and parietal cortex and...

journal_title：Trends in cognitive sciences

authors： Klingberg T

更新日期：2010-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Learning is usually thought to occur during episodes of studying, whereas retrieval of information on testing simply serves to assess what was learned. We review research that contradicts this traditional view by demonstrating that retrieval practice is actually a powerful mnemonic enhancer, often producing large gain...

journal_title：Trends in cognitive sciences

authors： Roediger HL 3rd,Butler AC

更新日期：2011-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Joint attention to an external object at the end of the first year is typically believed to herald the infant's discovery of other people's attention. I will argue that mutual attention in the first months of life already involves an awareness of the directedness of attention. The self is experienced as the first obje...

journal_title：Trends in cognitive sciences

authors： Reddy V

更新日期：2003-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The ratio of men to women in a given ecology can have profound influences on a range of interpersonal processes, from marriage and divorce rates to risk-taking and violent crime. Here, we organize such processes into two categories - intersexual choice and intrasexual competition - representing focal effects of imbala...

journal_title：Trends in cognitive sciences

authors： Maner JK,Ackerman JM

更新日期：2020-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A new study shows a leftward asymmetry of the choroid plexus in two-thirds of first-trimester human fetuses. This is the earliest brain asymmetry so far identified and may be a precursor to other asymmetries, including that of the temporal planum, which is evident from the 31st week of gestation. ...

journal_title：Trends in cognitive sciences

authors： Corballis MC

更新日期：2013-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:'Toward a Science of Consciousness' was held in Skövde, Sweden, from 6-11 August 2001. The meeting was hosted by the University of Skövde, and the theme of this year's conference was 'Consciousness and its Place in Nature'. ...

journal_title：Trends in cognitive sciences

authors： Morrison I,Ziemke T

更新日期：2001-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Although most people are religious, there are hundreds of millions of religious disbelievers in the world. What is religious disbelief and how does it arise? Recent developments in the scientific study of religious beliefs and behaviors point to the conclusion that religious disbelief arises from multiple interacting ...

journal_title：Trends in cognitive sciences

authors： Norenzayan A,Gervais WM

更新日期：2013-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Conditioning, how animals learn to associate two or more events, is one of the most influential paradigms in learning theory. It is nevertheless unclear how current models of associative learning can accommodate complex phenomena without ad hoc representational assumptions. We propose to embrace deep neural networks t...

journal_title：Trends in cognitive sciences

authors： Mondragón E,Alonso E,Kokkola N

更新日期：2017-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:How does the brain represent number and perform mathematical calculations? According to a recent and provocative study by Tang and colleagues, it depends on which language you learn. They found that the divergent linguistic and cultural experiences of native Chinese and native English speakers are associated with dist...

journal_title：Trends in cognitive sciences

authors： Cantlon JF,Brannon EM

更新日期：2007-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:We discuss behavioral studies directed at understanding how probability information is represented in motor and economic tasks. By formulating the behavioral tasks in the language of statistical decision theory, we can compare performance in equivalent tasks in different domains. Subjects in traditional economic decis...

journal_title：Trends in cognitive sciences

authors： Trommershäuser J,Maloney LT,Landy MS

更新日期：2008-08-01 00:00:00