Learning to tell apples from oranges.

abstract：:There is much interest currently in using functional neuroimaging techniques to understand better the nature of cognition. One particular practice that has become common is 'reverse inference', by which the engagement of a particular cognitive process is inferred from the activation of a particular brain region. Such ...

journal_title：Trends in cognitive sciences

authors： Poldrack RA

更新日期：2006-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Music might be described as just a special form of noise, but evidence is accumulating to show that listening to it can lead to pronounced physiological and emotional responses. In a recent article, Trainor et al. have shown that specific aspects of musical structure are processed automatically in the human brain, rai...

journal_title：Trends in cognitive sciences

authors： Lewis P

更新日期：2002-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Depression is characterized by distinct profiles of disturbance in ways autobiographical memories are represented, recalled, and maintained. We review four core domains of difficulty: systematic biases in favor of negative material; impoverished access and responses to positive memories; reduced access to the specific...

journal_title：Trends in cognitive sciences

authors： Dalgleish T,Werner-Seidler A

更新日期：2014-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Apart from their reading difficulties, dyslexic subjects often suffer from a variety of subtle sensory and motor deficits. Whether these deficits have a causal relationship to the reading disorder, form additional risk factors, or are totally independent of the reading problem, is under vivid debate. In this article, ...

journal_title：Trends in cognitive sciences

authors： Hari R,Renvall H

更新日期：2001-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:It has long been debated whether eye movements play a functional role in visual mental imagery. A recent paper by Laeng and Teodorescu presents new evidence that eye movements are stored as a spatial index that is used to arrange the component parts correctly when mental images are generated. ...

journal_title：Trends in cognitive sciences

authors： Mast FW,Kosslyn SM

更新日期：2002-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Some believe that genetics threatens privacy and autonomy and will eviscerate the concept of human nature. Despite the astonishing research advances, however, none of these dire predictions and no radical transformation of the law have occurred. Advocates have tried to use genetic evidence to affect judgments of crimi...

journal_title：Trends in cognitive sciences

authors： Morse SJ

更新日期：2011-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Psychiatric and neurological disorders have historically provided key insights into the structure-function relationships that subserve human social cognition and behavior, informing the concept of the 'social brain'. In this review, we take stock of the current status of this concept, retaining a focus on disorders th...

journal_title：Trends in cognitive sciences

authors： Kennedy DP,Adolphs R

更新日期：2012-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The physical energy that we refer to as a word, whether in isolation or embedded in sentences, takes its meaning from the knowledge stored in our brains through a lifetime of experience. Much empirical evidence indicates that, although this knowledge can be used fairly flexibly, it is functionally organized in 'semant...

journal_title：Trends in cognitive sciences

authors： Kutas M,Federmeier KD

更新日期：2000-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A new cognitive approach to religion is bringing fresh insights to our understanding of how religious concepts are maintained, acquired and used to motivate and direct actions. This approach suggests that seemingly extraordinary thoughts and behaviours can be supported by quite ordinary cognition and may thus be terme...

journal_title：Trends in cognitive sciences

authors： Barrett JL

更新日期：2000-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The evolution of speech remains an elusive scientific problem. A widespread notion is that vocal learning, underlined by vocal-fold control, is a key prerequisite for speech evolution. Although present in birds and non-primate mammals, vocal learning is ostensibly absent in non-human primates. Here we argue that the m...

journal_title：Trends in cognitive sciences

authors： Lameira AR,Maddieson I,Zuberbühler K

更新日期：2014-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A recent study by Zhang and Gläscher (2020) in humans examines learning from one's own versus others' actions under reward uncertainty. Comparing findings from this and non-human studies on learning under perceptual uncertainty suggests a unified role for confidence in learning under different types of uncertainty acr...

journal_title：Trends in cognitive sciences

authors： Soltani A

更新日期：2020-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A new brain imaging study demonstrates that patients with autism have a strikingly different pattern of brain activity compared with control subjects. During cognitive tasks, cortical areas known as the "default state" network--areas that have been implicated in both self-referential processing and processing of socia...

journal_title：Trends in cognitive sciences

authors： Iacoboni M

更新日期：2006-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The ability to predict the likelihood of an aversive event is an important adaptive capacity. Certainty and uncertainty regarding pain cause different adaptive behavior, emotional states, attentional focus, and perceptual changes. Recent functional neuroimaging studies indicate that certain and uncertain expectation a...

journal_title：Trends in cognitive sciences

authors： Ploghaus A,Becerra L,Borras C,Borsook D

更新日期：2003-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:People reliably and automatically make personality inferences from facial appearance despite little evidence for their accuracy. Although such inferences are highly inter-correlated, research has traditionally focused on studying specific traits such as trustworthiness. We advocate an alternative, data-driven approach...

journal_title：Trends in cognitive sciences

authors： Todorov A,Said CP,Engell AD,Oosterhof NN

更新日期：2008-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:When people talk they gesture, and those gestures often reflect thoughts not expressed in their words. In this sense, gesture and the speech it accompanies can mismatch. Gesture-speech 'mismatches' are found when learners are on the verge of making progress on a task - when they are ready to learn. Moreover, mismatche...

journal_title：Trends in cognitive sciences

authors： Goldin-Meadow S,Wagner SM

更新日期：2005-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:It has long been recognized that the striatum is composed of distinct functional sub-units that are part of multiple cortico-striatal-thalamic circuits. Contemporary research has focused on the contribution of striatal sub-regions to three main phenomena: learning of associations between stimuli, actions and rewards; ...

journal_title：Trends in cognitive sciences

authors： Liljeholm M,O'Doherty JP

更新日期：2012-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The inaugural Australian workshop in Artificial Life took place on the 11th of December 2001 at Adelaide University in South Australia. ...

journal_title：Trends in cognitive sciences

authors： Standish R

更新日期：2002-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The car dependence of people living in contemporary cities is a major concern for policy makers, who often find it difficult to persuade people into more sustainable transport modes. By contrast, recent insights from neuroscience have shown that a broad spectrum of behaviors can become habitual and, thus, resistant to...

journal_title：Trends in cognitive sciences

authors： Yalachkov Y,Naumer MJ,Plyushteva A

更新日期：2014-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Over the past several years, the concept of automaticity of higher cognitive processes has permeated nearly all domains of psychological research. In this review, we highlight insights arising from studies in decision-making, moral judgments, close relationships, emotional processes, face perception and social judgmen...

journal_title：Trends in cognitive sciences

authors： Bargh JA,Schwader KL,Hailey SE,Dyer RL,Boothby EJ

更新日期：2012-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:From its academic beginnings the theory of human action control has distinguished between endogenously driven, intentional action and exogenously driven, habitual, or automatic action. We challenge this dual-route model and argue that attempts to provide clear-cut and straightforward criteria to distinguish between in...

journal_title：Trends in cognitive sciences

authors： Hommel B,Wiers RW

更新日期：2017-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In the course of evolution, social dominance has been a strong force shaping the organization of social systems in many species. Individuals with a better ability to represent social dominance relationships and to adapt their behavior accordingly usually achieve better access to resources, hence providing benefits in ...

journal_title：Trends in cognitive sciences

authors： Qu C,Ligneul R,Van der Henst JB,Dreher JC

更新日期：2017-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Electrophysiological recordings on the human scalp provide a wealth of information about the temporal dynamics and nature of face perception at a global level of brain organization. The time window between 100 and 200 ms witnesses the transition between low-level and high-level vision, an N170 component correlating wi...

journal_title：Trends in cognitive sciences

authors： Rossion B

更新日期：2014-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Predictive Processing theories hold that the mind's core aim is to minimize prediction-error about its experiences. But prediction-error minimization can be 'hacked', by placing oneself in highly predictable environments where nothing happens. Recent philosophical work suggests that this is a surprisingly serious chal...

journal_title：Trends in cognitive sciences

authors： Sun Z,Firestone C

更新日期：2020-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Blindsight, the remarkable capability to react to unseen visual stimuli, has thus far only been demonstrated in patients and monkeys with a lesion to primary visual cortex. A recent study by Boyer, Harrison and Ro demonstrates blindsight in normal human observers, using TMS to block visual processing. Combined with ot...

journal_title：Trends in cognitive sciences

authors： Lamme VA

更新日期：2006-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Traditional explanations of multistable visual phenomena (e.g. ambiguous figures, perceptual rivalry) suggest that the basis for spontaneous reversals in perception lies in antagonistic connectivity within the visual system. In this review, we suggest an alternative, albeit speculative, explanation for visual multista...

journal_title：Trends in cognitive sciences

authors： Leopold DA,Logothetis NK

更新日期：1999-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The systems-level neuronal mechanisms that coordinate temporally, anatomically and functionally distributed neuronal activity into coherent cognitive operations in the human brain have remained poorly understood. Synchronization of neuronal oscillations may regulate network communication and could thus serve as such a...

journal_title：Trends in cognitive sciences

authors： Palva S,Palva JM

更新日期：2012-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Increasingly, online platforms are being used to deliver psychotherapy. This, along with the growth in computational psychiatry, provides scientists with new opportunities to quantify how patient-therapist relationships relate to treatment outcomes. We argue that it is necessary to investigate markers and mechanisms t...

journal_title：Trends in cognitive sciences

authors： Ryu J,Banthin DC,Gu X

更新日期：2021-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The question of whether episodic memory, the ability to recall unique, personal experiences, is restricted to humans is a matter of current controversy. Recent work on food-storing jays suggests that several features of episodic memory may not be as exclusive to humans as previously thought. In this review we outline ...

journal_title：Trends in cognitive sciences

authors： Griffiths D,Dickinson A,Clayton N

更新日期：1999-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The manner by which the human brain learns and recognizes stimuli is a matter of ongoing investigation. Through examination of meta-analyses of task-based functional MRI and resting state functional connectivity MRI, we identified a novel network strongly related to learning and memory. Activity within this network at...

journal_title：Trends in cognitive sciences

authors： Gilmore AW,Nelson SM,McDermott KB

更新日期：2015-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Are categories learned by forming abstract prototypes or by remembering specific exemplars? Mack, Preston, and Love observed that patterns of functional MRI (fMRI) brain activity were more consistent with patterns of representations predicted by exemplar models than by prototype models. Their work represents the theor...

journal_title：Trends in cognitive sciences

authors： Palmeri TJ

更新日期：2014-02-01 00:00:00