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White matter changes in early phase schizophrenia and cannabis use: an update and systematic review of diffusion tensor imaging studies.

Abstract：

OBJECTIVES:The impact of cannabis use on the brain tissue is still unclear, both in the healthy developing brain and in people with schizophrenia. The focus of this review is on white matter, the primary connective infrastructure of the brain. METHODS:We systematically reviewed diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) studies of early phase schizophrenia (illness effect), of cannabis use in otherwise healthy brains (drug effect), and of early phase schizophrenia with cannabis use (combined effects). Studies had to include a healthy, non-cannabis using, control group as well as report on fractional anisotropy as it is the most commonly used DTI index. We excluded cohorts with heavy alcohol or illicit drug use and studies with a sample size of less than 20 in the clinical group. RESULTS:We retained 17 studies of early phase schizophrenia, which together indicate deficits in white matter integrity observed in all fiber tract families, but most frequently in association, callosal and projection fibers. In otherwise healthy cannabis users (2 studies), deficits in white matter tracts were reported mainly in callosal fibers, but also in projection and limbic fibers. In cannabis users with early phase schizophrenia (1 study), deficits in white matter integrity were also observed in all fiber tract families, except for limbic fibers. CONCLUSIONS:The current literature points to several families of white matter tracts being differentially affected in early phase schizophrenia. Further work is required to reveal the impact of cannabis use in otherwise healthy people as well as those with schizophrenia. LIMITATIONS:Paucity of available studies as well as restricting analysis to FA values represent the main limitations of this review.

journal_name

Schizophr Res

journal_title

Schizophrenia research

authors

Cookey J,Bernier D,Tibbo PG

doi

10.1016/j.schres.2014.04.026

subject

Has Abstract

pub_date

2014-07-01 00:00:00

pages

137-42

issue

2-3

eissn

0920-9964

issn

1573-2509

pii

S0920-9964(14)00198-4

journal_volume

156

pub_type

杂志文章,评审

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